Association between 29 food groups of diet quality questionnaire and perceived stress in Chinese adults: a prospective study from China health and nutrition survey.

Purpose: Diet plays a fundamental role in promoting resilience against stress-related disorders. We aimed to examine the overall and sex-specific association between food groups and perceived stress in adults.

Methods: We analyzed the prospective data of 7,434 adults who completed both the 2011 and 2015 surveys of the China Health and Nutrition Survey (CHNS).

Temporal trends in population attributable fractions of modifiable risk factors for dementia: a time-series study of the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing (2004-2019).

Background: Interest in modifiable risk factors (MRFs) for dementia is high, given the personal, social, and economic impact of the disorder, especially in ageing societies such as the United Kingdom. Exploring the population attributable fraction (PAF) of dementia attributable to MRFs and how this may have changed over time remains unclear. Unravelling the temporal dynamics of MRFs is crucial for informing the development of evidence-based and effective public health policies.

Association of different doses of antenatal corticosteroids exposure with early major outcomes and early weight loss percentage in extremely preterm infants or extremely low birthweight infants: a multicentre cohort study.

Objectives: To determine the dose-dependent associations between antenatal corticosteroids (ANS) exposure and the rates of major morbidities, and the early weight loss percentage (EWLP) in hospital among extremely preterm infants (EPI) or extremely low birthweight infants (ELBWI).

Methods: A multicentre, retrospective cohort study of EPI or ELBWI born between 2017 and 2018 was conducted. Infants were classified into no ANS, partial ANS and complete ANS exposure group; three subgroups were generated by gestational age and birth weight.

[Application of the cigarette purchase tasks in achieving China' s tobacco control goals].

Objective: To assess cigarette demand among Chinese smokers through a cigarette purchase task (CPT) and to evaluate cigarette prices under different hypothetical scenarios in order to meet the goals of smoking prevalence reduction in China.

Methods: In the study, 447 participants completed a hypothetical CPT at baseline assessments of a trial, thus, cigarette demand curves were individually fitted for each participant using an exponentiated version of the exponential demand model. Typically, five demand indices were derived, intensity (consumption when free), breakpoint (first price at which consumption is suppressed to 0), maximum output (Omax), maximum price (Pmax, price at which Omax occurred), and elasticity (the ratio of the change in quantity demanded to the change in price).

[Influence of telemedicine on the operation of public hospitals in China].

Objective: Telemedicine, as an information-based tool, is widely recognized as an effective solution for compensating for the imbalanced allocation of medical resources in China. This study specifi-cally aimed to analyze the impact of telemedicine functions on the operational efficiency of public hospitals, with a particular focus on their heterogeneous effects on hospitals of different levels.

Methods: A cross-sectional research design was used based on the 2022 Health Informatization Statistical Survey data, and 8 944 public hospitals were used as research objects to analyze the impact of telemedicine on hospital revenues and business capacity.

[Main characteristics and historical evolution of China' s health financing transition].

Objective: To comprehend the main characteristics and historical evolution of health financing transition in China.

Methods: Data were collected from various sources, including the Global Health Expenditure Database (GHED), China Health Statistics Yearbook, National Health Finance Annual Report, China ' s Total Health Expenditure Research Report, et al. Descriptive statistics and literature study was conducted.

[Relationship between serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D and handgrip strength in middle-aged and elderly people in five cities of Western China].

Objective: To explore the association between serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] and handgrip strength in middle-aged and elderly people in 5 cities of Western China.

Methods: Based on the data of a cross-sectional survey conducted in the 5 cities of Western China from February to July 2023, the relevant demographic characteristics of people were collected by questionnaire, handgrip strength was collected by physical examination, and serum 25(OH)D was detected by HPLC-MS/MS. The association between the serum 25(OH)D and handgrip strength was analyzed using Logistic regression and Chi-square test for between-group comparisons models.

[Comparison of initiation of antihypertensive therapy strategies for primary prevention of cardiovascular diseases in Chinese population: A decision-analytic Markov modelling study].

Objective: To evaluate the health benefits and intervention efficiency of different strategies of initiating antihypertensive therapy for the primary prevention of cardiovascular diseases in a community-based Chinese population from the Chinese electronic health records research in Yinzhou (CHERRY) study.

Methods: A decision-analytic Markov model was used to simulate and compare different antihypertensive initiation strategies, including: Strategy 1, initiation of antihypertensive therapy for Chinese adults with systolic blood pressure (SBP) ≥140 mmHg (); Strategy 2, initiation of antihypertensive therapy for Chinese adults with SBP ≥130 mmHg; Strategy 3, initiation of antihypertensive therapy for Chinese adults with SBP≥140 mmHg, or with SBP between 130 and 140 mmHg and at high risk of cardiovascular diseases (/, , , ); Strategy 4, initiation of antihypertensive therapy for Chinese adults with SBP≥160 mmHg, or with SBP between 140 and 160 mmHg and at high risk of cardiovascular diseases (: ). The high 10-year cardiovascular risk was defined as the predicted risk over 10% based on the 2019 World Health Organization cardiovascular disease risk charts.

[Factors associated with the care needs of the older adults based on different disability levels].

Objective: To identify the factors associated with the care needs of the older adults aged 65-105 by age groups, and to compare these factors across different age groups.

Methods: A total of 12 244 older adults from the Chinese longitudinal healthy longevity survey (CLHLS) conducted in 2018 were included in the analyses. The participants were categorized into three age groups: young-old (aged 65-79), middle-old (aged 80-89), and oldest-old (aged 90-105).

[Cardiovascular safety of sitagliptin added to metformin in real world patients with type 2 diabetes].

Objective: To assess the safety of sitagliptin added to metformin on cardiovascular adverse events in real world patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).

Methods: Real world data from Yinzhou Regional Health Care Database were used to select T2DM patients with diagnosis and treatment records in the platform from January 1, 2017 to December 31, 2022. According to drug prescription records, the patients were divided into metformin plus sitagliptin group (combination group) and metformin monotherapy group(monotherapy group).

[Associations between puberty timing and cardiovascular metabolic risk factors among primary and secondary students].

Objective: To explore the relationship between puberty timing and cardiovascular metabolic risk factors among primary and secondary students with different genders in Beijing.

Methods: Using the method of stratified cluster sampling by urban and rural areas and school sections, 3 067 students from 16 primary and secondary schools in Fangshan District of Beijing were selected in October 2012, with questionnaire survey, physical examination and serum laboratory testing. In this study, we controlled for confounding factors such as school segments, current residence of the family, birth weight, feeding method, only child, highest educational level of parents, and monthly family income, and then the associations between cardiovascular metabolic risk factors and puberty timing among the primary and secondary students was analyzed by multivariate Logistic analysis.

[Status and pathways of factors influencing physical activity time among elementary and junior high school students in Beijing].

Objective: To describe the current distribution of daily physical activity time among elementary and junior high school students in Beijing, and to analyze the influencing factors and pathways at the individual, family, school and community levels.

Methods: Data were drawn upon from a cross-sectional investigation in Beijing in 2023, and a total of 3 157 elementary and junior high school students were included in the final analysis. Questionnaire was used to collect data on basic characteristics, overall and in-school physical activity time per day, the number of sports mastered, perceived physical activity benefits and barriers scales, perceived family, school, and community physical activity supportive environment scales.

[Association between self-control and co-occurrence of depressive symptoms and overweight or obesity during adolescence and early adulthood: A ten-year prospective cohort study based on national surveys].

Objective: To explore the association between self-control and the co-occurrence of depressive symptoms and overweight or obesity from adolescence to early adulthood in the Chinese population, and to provide a scientific basis for personalized interventions targeting individuals with different risks in the future.

Methods: From a prospective cohort study that lasted for 10 years: The China family panel studies (CFPS), a total of 608 children and adolescents meeting the following inclusion and exclusion criteria were included as study subjects: (1) Aged 10 to 19 years, at normal weight according to Chinese standards, and without depressive symptom in 2010; (2) Had self-control scores, and with at least two measurements of depressive symptoms and body mass index (BMI) between 2010 and 2020; (3) The only one or the youngest child and adolescent from each family. The co-occurrence of depressive symptoms and overweight or obesity was defined in three ways: Both of the average level of standardized scores of depressive symptoms and BMI Z-scores across multiple measurements over time were at a high level, or both of the trajectories of depressive symptoms and BMI over time based on the latent classification trajectory model (LCTM) belonging to the "risk-type", or individuals had depressive symptoms and overweight/obesity at the last follow-up survey.

[Gene-gene/gene-environment interaction of transforming growth factor-β signaling pathway and the risk of non-syndromic oral clefts].

Objective: To explore the association between polymorphisms of transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) signaling pathway and non-syndromic cleft lip with or without cleft palate (NSCL/P) among Asian populations, while considering gene-gene interaction and gene-environment interaction.

Methods: A total of 1 038 Asian NSCL/P case-parent trios were ascertained from an international consortium, which conducted a genome-wide association study using a case-parent trio design to investigate the genes affec-ting risk to NSCL/P. After stringent quality control measures, 343 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) spanning across 10 pivotal genes in the TGF-β signaling pathway were selected from the original genome-wide association study(GWAS) dataset for further analysis.

[A ssociations of short-term ambient particulate matter exposure and gene with triglyceride-glucose index: A family-based study].

Objective: To explore the effects of short-term particulate matter (PM) exposure and the melatonin receptor 1B () gene on triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index utilizing data from Fang-shan Family-based Ischemic Stroke Study in China (FISSIC).

Methods: Probands and their relatives from 9 rural areas in Fangshan District, Beijing, were included in the study. PM data were obtained from fixed monitoring stations of the National Air Pollution Monitoring System.

The temporal variation in the effects of extreme temperature on respiratory mortality: Evidence from 136 cities in China, 2006-2019.

Background: In the context of climate change and urbanization, the temporal variation of the adverse health effect of extreme temperature has attracted increasing attention.

Methods: The meteorological data and the daily death records of mortality from respiratory diseases of 136 Chinese cities were from 2006 to 2019. Heat wave and cold spell were selected as the indicator events of extreme high temperature and extreme low temperature, respectively.

Air pollution, genetic factors, and chronic rhinosinusitis: A prospective study in the UK Biobank.

Background: Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is a prevalent upper respiratory condition that manifests in two primary subtypes: CRS with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) and CRS without nasal polyps (CRSsNP). While previous studies indicate a correlation between air pollution and CRS, the role of genetic predisposition in this relationship remains largely unexplored. We hypothesized that higher air pollution exposure would lead to the development of CRS, and that genetic susceptibility might modify this association.

Redefining Debt-to-Health, a triple-win health financing instrument in global health.

Background: As a recognized win-win-win approach to international debt relief, Debt-to-Health(D2H)has successfully translated debt repayments into investments in health-related projects. Although D2H has experienced modifications and periodic suspension, it has been playing an increasingly important role in resource mobilization in public health, particularly for low-and middle-income countries deep in debt.

Main Text: D2H, as a practical health financing instrument, is not fully evidenced and gauged by academic literature though.

Short-term exposures to PM, PM chemical components, and antenatal depression: Exploring the mediating roles of gut microbiota and fecal short-chain fatty acids.

Background: PM and its chemical components increase health risks and are associated with depression and gut microbiota. However, there is still limited evidence on whether gut microbiota and short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) mediate the association between PM, PM chemical components, and antenatal depression. The purpose of this study was to investigate the mediating role of maternal gut microbiota in correlations between short-term exposure to PM, short-term exposure to PM chemical components, and antenatal depression.

Differences in attentional function between experienced mindfulness meditators and non-meditators.

Introduction: Attentional enhancement has often been identified as the central cognitive mechanism underlying the benefits of mindfulness meditation. However, the extent to which this enhancement is observable in the neural processes underlying long-term meditation is unclear. This current study aimed to examine differences in attentional performance between meditators and controls (non-meditators) using a visual oddball task with concurrent electroencephalography (EEG) recordings.

Short-Term Effects of Primary and Secondary Particulate Matter on Ceramide Metabolism, Pro-Inflammatory Response, and Blood Coagulation.

Evidence of the precise biological pathway responsible for acute cardiovascular events triggered by particulate matter (PM) exposure from anthropogenic emissions is sparse. We investigated the associations of biomarkers relevant to the pathophysiology of atherothrombosis (ceramide metabolism, pro-inflammatory response, and blood coagulation) with primary and secondary components in particulate matter with aerodynamic diameters less than 2.5 μm (PM).

Low-level ambient ozone exposure associated with neutrophil extracellular traps and pro-atherothrombotic biomarkers in healthy adults.

Background And Aims: Uncertainty of the causality determinations for ambient ozone (O) on cardiovascular events is heightened by the limited understanding of the mechanisms involved in humans. We aimed to examine the pro-atherothrombotic impacts of O exposure and to explore the potential mediating roles of dysfunctional neutrophils, focusing on neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs).

Methods: A longitudinal panel study of 152 healthy adults was conducted in the cool to cold months with relatively low levels of O between September 2019 and January 2020 in Beijing, China.