Global burden, trends, and disparities in kidney cancer attributable to smoking from 1990 to 2021.

Purpose: Smoking is a well-established risk factor for kidney cancer. Analyzing the latest global spatio-temporal trends in the kidney cancer burden attributable to smoking is critical for informing effective public health policies.

Methods: Using data from the 2021 GBD database, we examined deaths, disability-adjusted life years (DALYs), and age-standardized rate (ASR) of kidney cancer attributable to smoking across global, regional, and national levels.

IDH-mutant glioma risk stratification via whole slide images: Identifying pathological feature associations.

This article aims to develop and validate a pathological prognostic model for predicting prognosis in patients with isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH)-mutant gliomas and reveal the biological underpinning of the prognostic pathological features. The pathomic model was constructed based on whole slide images (WSIs) from a training set ( = 486) and evaluated on internal validation set ( = 209), HPPH validation set ( = 54), and TCGA validation set ( = 352). Biological implications of PathScore and individual pathomic features were identified by pathogenomics set ( = 100).

Hotspots and research trends of gut microbiome in polycystic ovary syndrome: a bibliometric analysis (2012-2023).

Introduction: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common gynecological condition affecting individuals of reproductive age and is linked to the gut microbiome. This study aimed to identify the hotspots and research trends within the domain of the gut microbiome in PCOS through bibliometric analysis.

Methods: Utilizing bibliometric techniques, we examined the literature on the gut microbiome in PCOS from the Web of Science Core Collection spanning the period from 2012 to 2023.

Application of metagenomic next-generation sequencing in the diagnosis of post-stroke infections: a case series study using multiple sample types.

Background: Metagenomic high-throughput sequencing (mNGS) represents a powerful tool for detecting nucleic acids from various pathogens, such as bacteria, fungi, viruses and parasites, in clinical samples. Despite its extensively employed in the pathogen diagnosis for various infectious diseases, its application in diagnosing stroke-related infection, and its potential impact on clinical decision-making, anti-infection treatment, clinical intervention, and patient prognosis remain insufficiently explored. Additionally, while mNGS offers promising potential, it facts limitations related to sensitivity, specificity, cost, and standardization, which could influence its integration into routine clinical practice.

Exosomes derived from syncytia induced by SARS-2-S promote the proliferation and metastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma cells.

Introduction: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is characterized by fever, fatigue, dry cough, dyspnea, mild pneumonia and acute lung injury (ALI), which can lead to acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), and SARS-CoV-2 can accelerate tumor progression. However, the molecular mechanism for the increased mortality in cancer patients infected with COVID-19 is unclear.

Methods: Colony formation and wound healing assays were performed on Huh-7 cells cocultured with syncytia.

Distal Pedicle Subtraction Osteotomy for Ankylosing Spondylitis With the Dual Complications of Andersson Lesions and Idiopathic Spinal Cord Hernia: A Rare Case Report.

Background And Importance: Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) is a systemic chronic inflammatory disease. Andersson lesion (AL) is a late complication of advanced AS. Idiopathic spinal cord hernia (ISCH) is a rare disorder of the spinal cord.

[Analysis of clinical features and prognostic factors of focal cerebral arteriopathy in children].

To summarize the clinical characteristics of focal cerebral arteriopathy (FCA) in children, and to analyze its influencing factor of prognosis. A retrospective cohort study was conducted. Clinical data from 40 children with FCA who were hospitalized at the Department of Neurology, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, from September 2015 to August 2024 were collected.

Association of Sleep Duration and Daytime Napping With Risk of Hyperuricemia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Background: Hyperuricemia (HUA), marked by elevated serum urate levels, is increasingly prevalent worldwide. The relationship between lifestyle factors such as sleep duration, daytime napping, and HUA risk remains unclear. Although some studies suggest that sleep variables, including short or long sleep durations and napping, may influence serum uric acid levels, results are inconsistent.

Impact of Implant Mesiodistal Distance on Peri-Implant Bone Loss: A Cross-Sectional Retrospective Study.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to verify the effect of our previously proposed mesiodistal distance for multiple posterior implants on preserving peri-implant bone, and to provide a measurable criterion for predicting implant prognosis.

Methods: One hundred and two patients with dental implants placed in the posterior free-end edentulous arches were recruited in this cross-sectional study. Calibrated X-rays (peri-apical [PA] or bite-wing x-ray) were collected to measure the mesiodistal space as well as the corresponding bone resorption of implants after prosthesis placement.

Tetrahedral Framework Nucleic Acid Relieves Sepsis-Induced Intestinal Injury by Regulating M2 Macrophages.

This study aimed to clarify the role and mechanism of tetrahedral framework nucleic acids (tFNAs) in regulating M2 macrophages to reduce intestinal injury. An intestinal injury model was established by intraperitoneal injection of lipopolysaccharides (LPS) in mice to explore the alleviating effects of tFNAs on intestinal injury. Inflammatory factors were detected by quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).

Association between non-insulin-based insulin resistance indicators and frailty progression: a national cohort study and mendelian randomization analysis.

Background: Insulin resistance (IR) is linked to an increased risk of frailty, yet it remains unclear whether the non-insulin-based IR indicators are associated with frailty trajectories and physical function decline. It aimed to examine the associations of triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index, metabolic score for insulin resistance (METS-IR), estimated glucose disposal rate (eGDR) and with long-term deficit-accumulation frailty trajectories and physical function decline.

Methods: Data from 6722 participants in the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) were analyzed.

Clonal hematopoiesis of indeterminate potential and type 2 diabetes mellitus among patients with STEMI: from a prospective cohort study combing bidirectional Mendelian randomization.

Aim: Both clonal hematopoiesis of indeterminate potential (CHIP) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) are conditions closely associated with advancing age. This study delves into the possible implications and prognostic significance of CHIP and T2DM in patients diagnosed with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI).

Methods: Deep-targeted sequencing employing a unique molecular identifier (UMI) for the analysis of 42 CHIP mutations-achieving an impressive mean depth of coverage at 1000 × -was conducted on a cohort of 1430 patients diagnosed with acute myocardial infarction (473 patients with T2DM and 930 non-DM subjects).

Risk factors for mechanical complications in degenerative lumbar scoliosis with concomitant thoracolumbar kyphosis: does the selection of the upper instrumented vertebra matter?

Background: Degenerative lumbar scoliosis (DLS) represents a distinct subset of adult spinal deformity, frequently co-occurring with thoracolumbar kyphosis (TLK) in the sagittal plane. TLK is typically viewed as detrimental in degenerative spinal conditions and has been linked to increased pain severity and a higher prevalence of mechanical complications (MC) as previously reported. The present study aimed to identify the risk factors associated with the development of MC in patients with DLS and concomitant TLK.

TDP43 augments astrocyte inflammatory activity through mtDNA-cGAS-STING axis in NMOSD.

Abnormality in transactivating response region DNA binding protein 43 (TDP43) is well-recognized as the pathological hallmark of neurodegenerative diseases. However, the role of TDP43 in neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) remains unknown. Here, our observations demonstrate an upregulation of TDP43 in both in vitro and in vivo models of NMOSD, as well as in biological samples from NMOSD patients.

Identification of depressive symptoms in adolescents using machine learning combining childhood and adolescence features.

Background: Depressive symptoms in adolescents can significantly affect their daily lives and pose risks to their future development. These symptoms may be linked to various factors experienced during both childhood and adolescence. Machine learning (ML) has attracted substantial attention in the field of adolescent depression; however, studies establishing prediction models have primarily considered childhood or adolescent features separately, resulting in a lack of analyses that incorporate factors from both stages.

Hypervirulent Klebsiella pneumoniae have better clinical outcomes than classical Klebsiella pneumoniae for lower respiratory tract infection patients.

Background: The clinical outcomes and microbiological features of lower respiratory tract infections (LRTIs) caused by hypervirulent Klebsiella pneumoniae (hvKp) and classical Klebsiella pneumoniae (cKp) have not been well understood.

Methods: This study collected 287 non-repetitive Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates from 287 LRTI patients. All these strains underwent annotation for resistance and virulence factors, with 141 strains undergoing mouse infection experiments to assess their virulence.

Overcoming Missing Data: Accurately Predicting Cardiovascular Risk in Type 2 Diabetes, A Systematic Review.

Understanding is limited regarding strategies for addressing missing value when developing and validating models to predict cardiovascular disease (CVD) in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). This study aimed to investigate the presence of and approaches to missing data in these prediction models. The MEDLINE electronic database was systematically searched for English-language studies from inception to June 30, 2024.

First-line cadonilimab plus chemotherapy in HER2-negative advanced gastric or gastroesophageal junction adenocarcinoma: a randomized, double-blind, phase 3 trial.

Programmed cell death protein-1 (PD-1) inhibitors plus chemotherapy have been the standard of care in the first-line treatment of advanced gastric or gastroesophageal junction (G/GEJ) adenocarcinoma; however, the survival benefits are modest in patients with low programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression. Here we investigated the efficacy and safety of cadonilimab (PD-1/cytotoxic T lymphocyte antigen-4 (CTLA-4) bispecific antibody) plus chemotherapy as first-line treatment in G/GEJ adenocarcinoma. The prespecified interim analysis is reported here.

Prevalence of malnutrition among adult inpatients in China: a nationwide cross-sectional study.

Malnutrition substantially contributes to adverse clinical outcomes. However, no national survey has been conducted to characterize its epidemiology in hospital settings in China. We conducted the China Nutrition Fundamental Data 2020 project among a multistage stratified cluster sample of adult inpatients from 291 study sites across 30 provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities (except for Hong Kong, Macao, Taiwan Province, and the Xizang Autonomous Region, please see MATERIALS AND METHODS for details of the causes) of China to generate reliable data on the prevalence of malnutrition and explore the associated risk factors.

Comparative efficacy and safety of the novel Picosecond Alexandrite Laser and the traditional combined Q-switched and long-pulse Nd: YAG lasers in melasma treatment: a randomized evaluator-blinded trial.

Melasma significantly impacts life quality, and while various laser therapies show promise, rigorous comparative studies, especially between the novel Picosecond Alexandrite Laser (PSAL) and the traditional combined modality of Q-switched and Long-pulse Nd: YAG Lasers (QLNYL), are notably lacking. This study aims to fill this gap by evaluating the efficacy and safety of these modalities, providing insights into their comparative advantages for clinical practice. In a prospective, evaluator-blinded study, 40 participants with Fitzpatrick Skin Types (FST) III and IV underwent three treatment sessions at four-week intervals with either PSAL or QLNYL.

CT-based skeletal muscle loss predicts long term prognosis in patients with distal cholangiocarcinoma undergone pancreaticoduodenectomy.

Skeletal muscle index (SMI), as an effective indicator of nutritional status, plays an important role in the prognosis of malignancy. However, the impact of skeletal muscle changes on tumor prognosis has not been systematically elaborated. We aimed to explore the value of skeletal muscle changes in the prognosis of distal cholangiocarcinoma (DCC) patients undergone pancreaticoduodenectomy (PD).

Clioquinol 3% Cream Improves Clinical Symptoms and Restores the Skin Microbiome in Interdigital Tinea Pedis.

Background: Interdigital tinea pedis is a common type of tinea pedis that occurs between toes and is easy to recur. Recently, the skin microbiome analysis of interdigital tinea pedis showed changes in bacterial microbiome in addition to fungal infection.

Objectives: To investigate the efficacy and safety of clioquinol 3% cream in treating interdigital tinea pedis as well as characterize changes in the skin microbiome during treatment.

Evaluation and comparison of reading man flap based on different designs of angles and central axial lengths using finite element method.

Different angles and central axis length combinations of the reading man flap were studied to determine the optimal angles and central axis length combinations for reducing the stress on the flap tip. First, different models and corresponding finite element models of flaps with different angles and central axial lengths were established by ANSYS software. Then, skin flap transfer was achieved through forced displacement, and the stress distributions of the flap with different angles and central axial lengths under different materials were obtained.

Application of Perclose ProGlide closure device in transbrachial endovascular intervention.

This study aims to assess the clinical efficacy and feasibility of the Perclose ProGlide Suture-Mediated Closure System (Abbott Vascular, Redwood City, CA, USA) for transbrachial access. A total of 100 patients from July 2020 to December 2023 were included in this retrospective study. Among them, 40 patients underwent ProGlide-guided suture closure following brachial artery (BA) puncture, while 60 patients received traditional manual compression.