Association of dietary inflammatory index and refractive status in American adolescents: NHANES 1999-2008.

Background: Several nutrients have been found to be associated with the prevalence of myopia, and the role of dietary patterns in influencing myopia risk has recently garnered significant attention. We aim to explore the relationship between the Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII) and refractive status in adolescents.

Methods: Data from 7,331 participants were analyzed from the 2005-2008 US National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES).

Bile acids in follicular fluid: potential new therapeutic targets and predictive markers for women with diminished ovarian reserve.

Objective: To investigate the changes in bile acid (BA) metabolites within the follicular fluid (FF) of patients with diminished ovarian reserve (DOR) and to identify novel diagnostic markers that could facilitate early detection and intervention in DOR patients.

Design: A total of 182 patients undergoing assisted reproductive technology (ART) were enrolled and categorized into the normal ovarian reserve (NOR) group (n = 91) or the DOR group (n = 91) to measure BA levels in FF. To identify the changes in granulosa cells (GCs), we collected GCs from an additional 7 groups of patients for transcriptome sequencing.

Comparison of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists and sodium-glucose cotransporter protein-2 inhibitors on treating metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease or metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis: systematic review and network meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials.

Objective: To assess glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 receptor agonists) and sodium-glucose cotransporter protein-2 inhibitors (SGLT-2 inhibitors) in patients with metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) or metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH)(previously known as nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD) and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH)), we performed a systematic review and network meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs).

Methods: The study searched Pubmed, Embase, the Cochrane Library, and Web of Science databases up to November 26, 2023. Two reviewers independently selected the studies, extracted the data, and assessed the risk of bias.

Mean liver density independently predicts therapeutic response and liver-related mortality in patients with primary biliary cholangitis.

Background: Sarcopenia, myosteatosis, and sarcopenic obesity are known to adversely affect nutritional status and quality of life in cirrhotic patients. However, there is limited research on these conditions in individuals with primary biliary cholangitis (PBC). This study aims to identify risk factors for sarcopenia, myosteatosis, and sarcopenic obesity in PBC patients and to investigate their association with therapeutic outcomes and liver-related mortality.

Assessment of clinical benefit, cost and uptake of biosimilars versus reference biologics in immune-mediated inflammatory diseases in China.

Background: As China is one of the countries with the highest recorded cases of Immune-Mediated Inflammatory Diseases (IMIDs), these diseases have also emerged as a serious public health concern. Biosimilars, potentially lower-cost versions of biologics, may improve access to more affordable yet comparably effective treatments. Encouragingly, China launched its abbreviated biosimilar pathway in 2015, and since then, a large number of biosimilars have been approved.

Heterogeneous Cardiac-Derived and Neural Crest-Derived Aortic Smooth Muscle Cells Exhibit Similar Transcriptional Changes After TGFβ Signaling Disruption.

Background: Smooth muscle cells (SMCs) of cardiac and neural crest origin contribute to the developing proximal aorta and are linked to disease propensity in adults.

Methods: We analyzed single-cell transcriptomes of aortic SMCs from adult mice to determine basal states and changes after disrupting TGFβ (transforming growth factor-β) signaling necessary for aortic homeostasis.

Results: A minority of Myh11 lineage-marked SMCs differentially expressed genes suggestive of embryological origin.

XGBoost-SHAP-based interpretable diagnostic framework for knee osteoarthritis: a population-based retrospective cohort study.

Objective: To use routine demographic and clinical data to develop an interpretable individual-level machine learning (ML) model to diagnose knee osteoarthritis (KOA) and to identify highly ranked features.

Methods: In this retrospective, population-based cohort study, anonymized questionnaire data was retrieved from the Wu Chuan KOA Study, Inner Mongolia, China. After feature selections, participants were divided in a 7:3 ratio into training and test sets.

Prevalence and associated body composition factors of sarcopenia in community-dwelling older adults.

Background: The objective of this investigation was to examine the frequency and determinants related to body composition of sarcopenia among aging individuals residing in the Beijing community through implementation of the diagnostic criteria for sarcopenia outlined by the 2019 Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia (AWGS).

Methods: A cross-sectional examination employing multistage cluster sampling was conducted on a sample consisting of 933 individuals aged 50 years or above. The study utilized the AWGS 2019 criteria for muscle mass, muscle strength, and physical function to gauge sarcopenia.

Recent advances in sarcoma therapy: new agents, strategies and predictive biomarkers.

Soft tissue and bone sarcomas are a heterogenous group of uncommon mesenchymal tumors with high unmet needs for novel therapeutic and diagnostic strategies. Despite many challenges that persist, innovative therapeutics are emerging. Here we provide a review of the studies presented at the 2024 American Society of Clinical Oncology annual meeting that were focused on sarcoma.

Integrated lipidomics and RNA-seq reveal prognostic biomarkers in well-differentiated and dedifferentiated retroperitoneal liposarcoma.

Background: Retroperitoneal liposarcoma (RLPS) is a mesenchymal malignant tumor characterized by different degrees of adipocytic differentiation. Well-differentiated liposarcoma (WDLPS) and dedifferentiated liposarcoma (DDLPS) are two of the most common subtypes of RLPS, exhibiting clear differences in biological behaviors and clinical prognosis. The metabolic features and genomic characteristics remain unclear.

Evaluation of gecacitinib vs hydroxyurea in patients with intermediate-2 or high-risk myelofibrosis: final analysis results from a randomized phase 3 study.

To compare the efficacy and safety of gecacitinib (also known as jaktinib) with hydroxyurea (HU) in treating myelofibrosis (MF) patients. In this multicenter, randomized phase 3 trial (ZGJAK016), intermediate- or high-risk primarily JAK inhibitor naïve MF patients were assigned in a 2:1 ratio to receive either gecacitinib (100 mg twice a day, BID) or HU (500 mg BID). The primary endpoint was the proportion of patients with ≥35% reduction in spleen volume (SVR35) from baseline at week 24.

A new treatment strategy for mid-low rectal cancer patients exhibiting a clinical complete or near-complete response to neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy: Transanal endoscopic microsurgery --A multicenter prospective case-control clinical trial by MONT-R.

Background: Total mesorectal excision is the standard surgery for locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC) after neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (nCRT), but it may lead to high complication rates and poor quality of life. This study evaluates whether transanal endoscopic microsurgery (TEM), as a partial resection procedure, can enhance quality of life for clinical complete response (cCR) or near-cCR patients without compromising survival.

Methods: Between May 2017 to September 2021, 80 patients with T3-4N0M0 or TanyN+M0 mid-low rectal cancer achieving cCR or near-cCR post-nCRT were prospectively included at 6 Chinese centers.

Case Report: A young man with frontal traumatic sinus pericranii.

Sinus pericranii is a rare venous anomaly characterized by abnormal communication between intracranial and subperiosteal veins, and reports of trauma-induced sinus pericranii are even rarer. Herein, we report a case of delayed-onset sinus pericranii resulting from a traumatic injury to the left side of the midline of the forehead sustained in early childhood. The anomaly was successfully resected via a coronal incision within the hairline, followed by meticulous bone wax sealing.

The Burden of Type 2 Diabetes in Adolescents and Young Adults in China: A Secondary Analysis from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021.

Early-onset type 2 diabetes (T2D) is an increasingly serious public health issue, particularly in China. This study aimed to analyze the characteristics of disease burden, secular trend, and attributable risk factors of early-onset T2D in China. Using data from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2021, we analyzed the age-standardized rate (ASR) of incidence, disability-adjusted life years (DALYs), and mortality rates of T2D among individuals aged 15 to 39 years in China from 1990 to 2021.

[Analysis of the main update content of the 7th edition of the American College of Surgeons on "Resources for Optimal Care of the Injured Patient (2022 Standards)"].

In December 2023, the Trauma Professional Committee of the American Society of Surgeons officially released the seventh edition of "Resources for Optimal Care of the Injured Patient (2022 Stan-dards)". Compared to the sixth edition of the standards, the main updated content of the seventh edition includes ten aspects: (1) trauma centers need to meet new personnel configuration and qualification requirements, (2) trauma centers need to develop more structured and effective trauma treatment effectiveness improvement and patient safety plans, (3) trauma centers need to develop data quality plans, (4) trauma centers need to develop new diagnosis and treatment plans for specific patients, (5) trauma centers need to have new professional knowledge, (6) trauma centers need to meet new response time and resource availability standards, (7) trauma centers need to meet new academic and scientific requirements, (8) tertiary trauma centers need corresponding qualification certificates if providing neurological trauma treatment, (9) new requirements for pediatric trauma centers, (10) the fourth level trauma center standards. The research literature published by scholars in the field of trauma in the past decade has provided sufficient evidence-based medicine evidence for updating content.

[Risk factors for decreased quality of life in patients with kidney stones predicted by the Chinese version of Wisconsin stone quality of life questionnaire].

Objective: To assess health related quality of life (HRQOL) in patients with kidney stones and to predict risk factors for reduced HRQOL in the patients by the Chinese version of Wisconsin stone quality of life questionnaire (C-WISQOL).

Methods: The patients with renal stones admitted to Peking University People ' s Hospital from July 2020 to June 2021 were prospectively enrolled. The inclusion criteria included the patients with renal stones aged 18-80 years and sufficient Chinese language foundation, and the exclusion criteria included the patients with internal ureteral stents, malignant tumors, sepsis, .

[COVID-19 vaccines efficacy and infection features in patients with systemic sclerosis: A single-center cohort study].

Objective: To comprehensively understand the COVID-19 vaccination and infection status among patients with systemic sclerosis (SSc).

Methods: We conducted a retrospective analysis of patients diagnosed with SSc who were hospitalized in the Rheumatology and Immunology Department of Peking University People' s Hospital from January 2016 to March 2023. We collected detailed clinical cha-racteristics, vaccination status, and infection details through a systematic review of medical records and telephone follow-ups with the SSc patients.

[Clinical significance of antiphospholipid antibodies in Behcet disease with thrombosis].

Objective: To investigate the distribution and clinical significance of antiphospholipid antibody (aPL) in patients with Behcet disease (BD).

Methods: A total of 222 BD patients admitted to the Department of Rheumatology and Immunology in Peking University People' s Hospital from February 2008 to July 2024 were selected retrospectively. General data of the patients including age and gender were collec-ted.

[Current status and influential factors of self-management ability in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus].

Objective: To investigate the current status of self-management ability in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), and to analyze the related factors affecting the self-management ability of SLE patients.

Methods: A total of 180 SLE patients who were selected from the outpatient department and ward of the Department of Rheumatology and Immunology of a Tertiary Hospital in Beijing from January 2024 to March 2024. General information questionnaire, SLE self-management ability assessment scale, general self-efficacy scale (GSES) and family concern index questionnaire (APGAR) were used for questionnaire investigation, so as to investigate the current status and related influencing factors of self-management ability in patients with SLE.

[Ovarian function in patients of childbearing age with systemic lupus erythematosus].

Objective: To explore the ovarian function and its influencing factors in women of childbearing age with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE).

Methods: A total of 107 female patients diagnosed with SLE at Peking University People' s Hospital from January 2017 to May 2024, aged between 20 and 40 years, were included in the study. At the same time, 40 matched healthy women aged between 20 and 40 years were selected as controls.

[Analysis of characteristics related to the disease activity of systemic lupus erythematosus and construction of an evaluation model].

Objective: To stratify systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients clinically, to analyze the clinical characteristics of patients with and without disease activity, and to explore the application va-lue of key clinical indicators in assessing disease activity, as well as to construct an evaluation model.

Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on clinical data of the SLE patients diagnosed at Peking University People' s Hospital from May 1995 to April 2014. Demographic information, clinical manifestations, laboratory tests, and antibody detection results were collected.

[Immunological characteristics of patients with anti-synthetase syndrome overlap with rheumatoid arthritis].

Objective: To investigate the clinical and immunological characteristics of anti-synthetase syndrome (ASS) patients overlap with rheumatoid arthritis (RA).

Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on ASS patients with arthritis who were treated at Peking University People' s Hospital. Data collected included demographic information, clinical manifestations, laboratory features, lymphocyte subsets in peripheral blood, and treatments.

A Case of Upadacitinib-Associated Ileus Secondary to Psoriasis Induced by Treatment of Atopic Dermatitis with Dupilumab.

A 69-year-old man with severe atopic dermatitis (AD) received a single 600 mg subcutaneous injection of dupilumab, which resulted in a psoriatic rash on day 10. He was then given 30 mg of oral upadacitinib daily, and after 10 weeks of treatment, both the AD and the psoriasis had significantly improved. However, at week 16, the patient had no bowel movement for a week, and paralytic ileus was suspected based on the patient's symptoms and laboratory findings.

High dietary calcium to phosphorus ratio is associated with high prevalence of kidney stone.

Kidney stones formation is a multifactorial condition and influenced, in some degree, by dietary habits. Authoritative clinical guidelines published nutritional recommendations for individuals prone to kidney stone formation. The association between dietary intake calcium to phosphorus (Ca/P) ratios and the prevalence of kidney stones is not well-established in extensive epidemiological studies.