Neoadjuvant PD-1 inhibitor combines with chemotherapy versus neoadjuvant chemotherapy in resectable squamous cell carcinoma of the lung.

Background: A single-agent of anti programmed cell death 1/programmed cell death ligand 1 (anti-PD-1/PD-L1) therapy has been explored for resectable lung cancer before surgery. However, the effectiveness and safety of neoadjuvant programmed cell death 1 (PD-1) blockade combined with chemotherapy have not been published.

Methods: Twenty-one consecutive patients with potentially resectable squamous cell carcinoma of the lung who received neoadjuvant therapy followed by surgery in Beijing Cancer Hospital were included in this study.