A simplified and efficient extracellular vesicle-based proteomics strategy for early diagnosis of colorectal cancer.

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a major cause of cancer-related death worldwide and an effective screening strategy for diagnosis of early-stage CRC is highly desired. Although extracellular vesicles (EVs) are expected to become some of the most promising tools for liquid biopsy of early disease diagnosis, the existing EV-based proteomics methods for practical application in clinical samples are limited by technical challenges in high-throughput isolation and detection of EVs. In the current study, we have developed a simplified and efficient EV-based proteomics strategy for early diagnosis of CRC.

CRNN-Refined Spatiotemporal Transformer for Dynamic MRI reconstruction.

Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) plays a pivotal role in modern clinical practice, providing detailed anatomical visualization with exceptional spatial resolution and soft tissue contrast. Dynamic MRI, aiming to capture both spatial and temporal characteristics, faces challenges related to prolonged acquisition times and susceptibility to motion artifacts. Balancing spatial and temporal resolutions becomes crucial in real-world clinical scenarios.

Ginsenoside Rg3 Restores Mitochondrial Cardiolipin Homeostasis via GRB2 to Prevent Parkinson's Disease.

Regulating cardiolipin to maintain mitochondrial homeostasis is a promising strategy for addressing Parkinson's disease (PD). Through a comprehensive screening and validation process involving multiple models, ginsenoside Rg3 (Rg3) as a compound capable of enhancing cardiolipin levels is identified. This augmentation in cardiolipin levels fosters mitochondrial homeostasis by bolstering mitochondrial unfolded protein response, promoting mitophagy, and enhancing mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation.

Hsp90α forms condensate engaging client proteins with RG motif repeats.

Hsp90α, a pivotal canonical chaperone, is renowned for its broad interaction with numerous protein clients to maintain protein homeostasis, chromatin remodeling, and cell growth. Recent studies indicate its role in modifying various components of membraneless organelles (MLOs) such as stress granules and processing bodies, suggesting its participation in the regulation of protein condensates. In this study, we found that Hsp90α possesses an inherent ability to form dynamic condensates .

Cerebrospinal fluid efflux through dynamic paracellular pores on venules as a missing piece of the brain drainage system.

The glymphatic system plays a key role in the clearance of waste from the parenchyma, and its dysfunction has been associated with the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, questions remain regarding its complete mechanisms. Here, we report that efflux of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)/interstitial fluid (ISF) solutes occurs through a triphasic process that cannot be explained by the current model, but rather hints at the possibility of other, previously undiscovered routes from paravenous spaces to the blood.

Biological electricity generation system based on mitochondria-nanochannel-red blood cells.

The high-efficiency energy conversion process in organisms is usually carried out by organelles, proteins and membrane systems. Inspired by the cellular aerobic respiration process, we present an artificial electricity generation device, aimed at sustainable and efficient energy conversion using biological components, to demonstrate the feasibility of bio-inspired energy generation for renewable energy solutions. This approach bridges biological mechanisms and technology, offering a pathway to sustainable, biocompatible energy sources.

Digital health in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) can be prevented and treated through effective care, reducing exacerbations and hospitalizations. Early identification of individuals at high risk of COPD exacerbation is an opportunity for preventive measures. However, many patients struggle to follow their treatment plans because of a lack of knowledge about the disease, limited access to resources, and insufficient clinical support.

Nurturing the marriages of urinary liquid biopsies and nano-diagnostics for precision urinalysis of prostate cancer.

Prostate cancer remains the second-most common cancer diagnosed in men, despite the increasingly widespread use of serum prostate-specific antigen (PSA) screening. The controversial clinical implications and cost benefits of PSA screening have been highlighted due to its poor specificity, resulting in a high rate of overdiagnosis and underdiagnosis. Thus, the development of novel biomarkers for prostate cancer detection remains an intriguing challenge.

Stroke care and collaborative academic research in Latin America.

Objective: A narrative overview of regional academic research collaborations to address the increasing burden and gaps in care for patients at risk of, and who suffer from, stroke in Latin America (LA).

Materials And Methods: A summary of experiences and knowledge of the local situation is presented. No systematic literature review was performed.

Going digital: opportunities and barriers in the use of technology for health research.

Digital health refers to the use of novel information com-munication technologies in healthcare. The use of these technologies could positively impact public health and health outcomes of populations by generating timely data, and facili-tating the process of data collection, analysis, and knowledge translation. Using selected case studies, we aim to describe the opportunities and barriers in the use of technology applied to health-related research.

Repeated Measures of Modified Rankin Scale Scores to Assess Functional Recovery From Stroke: AFFINITY Study Findings.

Background Function after acute stroke using the modified Rankin Scale (mRS) is usually assessed at a point in time. The analytical implications of serial mRS measurements to evaluate functional recovery over time is not completely understood. We compare repeated-measures and single-measure analyses of the mRS from a randomized clinical trial.

[Steroids from Uncaria rhynchophylla].

Thirteen steroids(1-13) were isolated from the non-alkaloid constituents of Uncaria rhynchophylla by column chromatography on silica gel, ODS, Sephadex LH-20, and preparative HPLC chromatography, and their structures were elucidated by analyses of the MS and NMR spectral data. All the compounds were isolated from the genus Uncaria for the first time, and 1 was a new compound. The ~1H-NMR and ~(13)C-NMR data of two compounds(12 and 13) in deuteron-chloroform were completely assigned.

[Quality standard of Lobeliae Chinensis Herba].

In light of related methods in Chinese Pharmacopoeia(2020 edition), this study established the quality standard for Lobeliae Chinensis Herba. The TLC identification method was established with silica gel GF_(254) thin layer plate, diosmin standard, linarin standard, and the reference material of Lobeliae Chinensis Herba. The loss on drying, total ash, acid-insoluble ash, and ethanol-soluble extracts of 18 batches of Lobeliae Chinensis Herba samples were determined according to the general principles in Chinese Pharmacopoeia.

Comparative analysis of aneurysm subtypes associated genes based on protein-protein interaction network.

The arterial aneurysm refers to localized dilation of blood vessel wall and is common in general population. The majority of aneurysm cases remains asymptomatic until a sudden rupture which is usually fatal and of extremely high mortality (~ 50-60%). Therefore, early diagnosis, prevention and management of aneurysm are in urgent need.

[Research on in vivo metabolites of Longxue Tongluo Capsules by liquid chromatography coupled with hybrid ion trap/time-of-flight mass spectrometry].

Longxue Tongluo Capsules(LTC) has good efficacy against blood stasis syndrome during the recovery period of ischemic stroke. Its main active ingredient is the phenolic extract of Chinese dragon's blood. In our previous study, the primary mass fragmentation pathways of phenolic derivatives from LTC were clarified.

Advancing science and education through a novel collaboration platform between the University of Michigan and Peking University Health Science Center.

Research in China has been advancing over the past decade with increasing investments from government and private entities. Collaboration with Chinese investigators and those in the United States has also increased as reflected in the growth of scientific papers with Chinese authors. Collaborations are more commonly based on faculty-to-faculty relationships which can be challenged by institutional or governmental policies.

Association of serum 25-hydroxy vitamin D with obesity-related indices in Chinese adults: A cross-sectional study.

Obesity has been a well-known risk factor of low-level serum vitamin D. Compared with the traditional obesity-related indicator (body mass index, BMI), associations for two novel anthropometric indices, a body shape index (ABSI) and body roundness index (BRI) with vitamin D deficiency or insufficiency, still remain unclear. This study aimed to assess the associations of serum 25-hydroxy vitamin D (25(OH)D) status with these three obesity-related indices among Chinese adults.

Antithrombotic Agents for tPA-Induced Cerebral Hemorrhage: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Preclinical Studies.

Background tPA (tissue-type plasminogen activator) remains the only approved drug for acute ischemic stroke, with a potentially serious adverse effect: hemorrhagic transformation. The effects of antithrombotic agents on tPA-induced hemorrhagic transformation after ischemic stroke are not clearly defined. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis in preclinical studies aiming to evaluate the efficacy of antithrombotic agents on tPA-induced hemorrhagic transformation after ischemic stroke.

Isocitrate dehydrogenase 3A, a rate-limiting enzyme of the TCA cycle, promotes hepatocellular carcinoma migration and invasion through regulation of MTA1, a core component of the NuRD complex.

The precise molecular mechanism of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains ambiguous. Isocitrate dehydrogenase 3A (IDH3A) is known as a subunit of the IDH3 heterotetramer. To the best of our knowledge, the biological effect of IDH3A in malignant tumors is unclear.

Risk Factors for Incident Stroke and Its Subtypes in China: A Prospective Study.

Background Managing risk factors is crucial to prevent stroke. However, few cohort studies have evaluated socioeconomic factors together with conventional factors affecting incident stroke and its subtypes in China. Methods and Results A 2014 to 2016 prospective study from the China National Stroke Screening and Intervention Program comprised 437 318 adults aged ≥40 years without stroke at baseline.

[Nutritional knowledge, attitudes and dietary behaviors of teachers and students in a medical college in Beijing and their influencing factors].

Objective: To investigate nutritional knowledge, attitudes and dietary behaviors of teachers and students in a medical college in Beijing and their influencine factors, and to provide evidence for nutrition education and promotion.

Methods: The subjects of this study were teachers, as well as first-year and second-year graduate students, and first-year to third-year undergraduate students. The teachers and students were respectively sampled by stratified cluster sampling with equal proportion.

Adverse Impact of Heavy Metals on Bone Cells and Bone Metabolism Dependently and Independently through Anemia.

Mounting evidence is revealing that heavy metals can incur disordered bone homeostasis, leading to the development of degenerative bone diseases, including osteoporosis, osteoarthritis, degenerative disk disease, and osteomalacia. Meanwhile, heavy metal-induced anemia has been found to be intertwined with degenerative bone diseases. However, the relationship and interplay among these adverse outcomes remain elusive.