A new risk assessment model of venous thromboembolism by considering fuzzy population.

Background: Inpatients with high risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE) usually face serious threats to their health and economic conditions. Many studies using machine learning (ML) models to predict VTE risk overlook the impact of class-imbalance problem due to the low incidence rate of VTE, resulting in inferior and unstable model performance, which hinders their ability to replace the Padua model, a widely used linear weighted model in clinic. Our study aims to develop a new VTE risk assessment model suitable for Chinese medical inpatients.

Risk factors for methotrexate treatment failure in tubal ectopic pregnancy: a retrospective cohort study.

Background: Ectopic pregnancy (EP) accounts for approximately 2% of all pregnancies, with tubal ectopic pregnancies (TEPs) being the most common type. Methotrexate (MTX) is a noninvasive and effective medical management option for TEP, but failure rates range from 10 to 36%, posing challenges in clinical practice. Identifying risk factors for MTX treatment failure is crucial to improve patient outcomes and guide clinical decision-making.

Feasibility evaluation of big data algorithms for establishing serum protein electrophoresis reference intervals using Hoffmann and refineR methods.

Background: Serum protein electrophoresis (SPE) is essential for diagnosing monoclonal gammopathies and a variety of other diseases. Despite its importance, there is a scarcity of SPE parameter reference intervals (RIs) derived from large datasets. This study seeks to fill this gap by establishing sex-specific RIs using Hoffmann and refineR algorithms and assessing the feasibility of these methods.

Prediction of primary biliary cholangitis among health check-up population with anti-mitochondrial M2 antibody positive.

Background: Anti-mitochondrial M2 antibody (AMA-M2) is a specific marker for primary biliary cholangitis (PBC) and it could be also presented in non-PBC individuals.

Methods: A total of 72173 Chinese health check-up individuals tested AMA-M2, of which non-PBC AMA-M2 positive individuals were performed follow-up. Baseline data of both clinical characteristics and laboratory examinations were collected in all AMA-M2-positive individuals.

Efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors in pulmonary sarcomatoid carcinoma and predictive potential of mutated TP53.

Objective: Pulmonary sarcomatoid carcinoma (PSC) is a rare, heterogeneous subgroup of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Patients with advanced PSCs have poor survival due to resistance to chemotherapy and radiotherapy, and narrow access to targeted therapy. Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) offer new hope, whereas data on their effectiveness is limited.

Predicting axillary lymph node metastasis in breast cancer using a multimodal radiomics and deep learning model.

Objective: To explore the value of combined radiomics and deep learning models using different machine learning algorithms based on mammography (MG) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for predicting axillary lymph node metastasis (ALNM) in breast cancer (BC). The objective is to provide guidance for developing scientifically individualized treatment plans, assessing prognosis, and planning preoperative interventions.

Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on clinical and imaging data from 270 patients with BC confirmed by surgical pathology at the Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University between November 2022 and April 2024.

Efficacy of multi-color near-infrared fluorescence with indocyanine green: A new imaging strategy and its early experience in laparoscopic cholecystectomy.

Background: Near-infrared fluorescence imaging using intravenous indocyanine green (ICG) has a wide range of applications in multiple surgical scenarios. In laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC), it facilitates intraoperative identification of the biliary system and reduces the risk of bile duct injury. However, the usual single color fluorescence imaging (SCFI) has limitations in manifesting the fluorescence signal of the target structure when its intensity is relatively low.

The impact of ciliary length on the mechanical response of osteocytes to fluid shear stress.

Background: Osteocytes are crucial for detecting mechanical stimuli and translating them into biochemical responses within the bone. The primary cilium, a cellular 'antenna,' plays a vital role in this process. However, there is a lack of direct correlation between cilium length changes and osteocyte mechanosensitivity changes.

A case of transient elevation of creatinine caused by severe hyperuricemia.

Background: To explore the underlying causes of significant fluctuations in creatinine levels within three days due to transient and severe uric acid elevation, and to provide evidence for the interpretation of abnormal test results and clinical diagnosis and management.

Methods: The issues were resolved by retesting the samples, comparing results across different detection platforms, and analyzing the reaction curve. We comprehensively reviewed patients' general conditions, imaging examinations, and treatments.

Exploration of the mechanism of 5-Methylcytosine promoting the progression of hepatocellular carcinoma.

5-Methylcytosine (m5C) is a ubiquitous RNA modification that is closely related to various cellular functions. However, no studies have comprehensively demonstrated the role of m5C in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) progression. In this study, six pairs of HCC and adjacent tissue samples were subjected to methylated RNA immunoprecipitation sequencing to identify precise m5C loci.

Single-cell transcriptome analysis of stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth investigating functional heterogeneity in immunomodulation.

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been widely used in the treatment of various inflammatory diseases. The inadequate understanding of MSCs and their heterogeneity can impact the immune environment, which may be the cause of the good outcomes of MSCs-based therapy that cannot always be achieved. Recently, stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth (SHED) showed great potential in inflammatory and autoimmune diseases due to their immature properties compared with MSCs.

THBS2 + cancer-associated fibroblasts promote EMT leading to oxaliplatin resistance via COL8A1-mediated PI3K/AKT activation in colorectal cancer.

Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) exert multiple tumor-promoting functions and are key contributors to drug resistance. The mechanisms by which specific subsets of CAFs facilitate oxaliplatin resistance in colorectal cancer (CRC) have not been fully explored. This study found that THBS2 is positively associated with CAF activation, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), and chemoresistance at the pan-cancer level.

Risk of comorbidity of autoimmune liver disease in patients with inflammatory bowel disease: A single-center case-control study in China.

Objective: To investigate the prevalence of autoimmune hepatitis (AIH), primary biliary cholangitis (PBC), and primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC), and the impact of comorbidity of AIH, PBC, and PSC on hospitalization burden in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD).

Methods: Inpatients admitted to Peking Union Medical College Hospital from January 1, 1998 to December 31, 2021 were included. Odds ratio (OR) and the corresponding 95% confidence interval (CI) were calculated to compare the risk of AIH, PBC, and PSC between IBD and non-IBD patients.

Risk prediction of new-onset thrombocytopenia in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus: a multicenter prospective cohort study based on Chinese SLE treatment and research group (CSTAR) registry.

Background: Thrombocytopenia (TP) is a hematological manifestation of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and is associated with unfavorable prognostic outcomes. This study aimed to develop a risk prediction model for new-onset TP in SLE patients.

Methods: Based on the multicenter prospective Chinese SLE Treatment and Research Group (CSTAR) registry, newly diagnosed SLE patients without TP at registration were enrolled.

Familial hypercholesterolemia in Chinese children and adolescents: a multicenter study.

Background: Familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) is an inherited disorder mainly marked by increased low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) concentrations and a heightened risk of early-onset arteriosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD). This study seeks to characterize the genetic spectrum and genotype‒phenotype correlations of FH in Chinese pediatric individuals.

Methods: Data were gathered from individuals diagnosed with FH either clinically or genetically at multiple hospitals across mainland China from January 2016 to June 2024.

Efficacy and safety of aspirin in preventing venous thromboembolism after hip arthroplasty for femoral neck fracture: a noninferiority prospective cohort study.

Background: Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is a common complication after hip arthroplasty. Here, we investigated the clinical efficacy and safety of prophylactic aspirin vs. conventional therapy in hip arthroplasty for femoral neck fracture.

Case report: a case of AL amyloidosis with spontaneous giant retroperitoneal hematoma.

Background: Systemic amyloidosis is a kind of clinical syndrome in which amyloid is deposited between the cells of various organs in the body, resulting in gradual failure of the function of the affected organs. Depending on the site of amyloid deposition, it may show various clinical symptoms of multiple system involvement.

Patient Concerns: A 44-years-old female with spontaneous giant retroperitoneal hematoma was admitted to the emergency department of Peking Union Medical College Hospital in Mar 2023.

Brain tumor and mood disorders: a retrospective analysis of anxiety and depression in patients with primary and metastatic brain tumors.

Brain tumors are associated with a dismal prognosis, and the diagnosis often evokes significant psychological distress. However, the progression of emotional well-being throughout the clinical course of brain tumors remains poorly understood. This study aims to assess the prevalence of anxiety and depression in brain tumor patients and to identify the risk factors associated with postoperative emotional derangement in glioma and metastatic groups seperately.

CDUNeXt: efficient ossification segmentation with large kernel and dual cross gate attention.

Ossification of the ligamentum flavum (OLF) is the main causative factor of spinal stenosis, but how to accurately and efficiently identify the ossification region is a clinical pain point and an urgent problem to be solved. Currently, we can only rely on the doctor's subjective experience for identification, with low efficiency and large error. In this study, a deep learning method is introduced for the first time into the diagnosis of ligamentum flavum ossificans, we proposed a lightweight, automatic and efficient method for identifying ossified regions, called CDUNeXt.

The effect of a new thinking guidance of OPACCUS for shock on the 30-day mortality: A multicenter, prospective, observational, cohort study.

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to determine whether our new thinking guidance named OPACCUS (oxygen metabolism, perfusion, arterial tension, cardiac output, systemic congestion, unregulated host response and search for inciting illness event) with 7 questions you need to ask before shock therapy and evidences provided by critical ultrasound considering hemodynamics, the unregulated host response and inciting illness event would improve mortality in shock patients.

Design: A multicenter, prospective, observational cohort study.

Setting: Intensive care units of 20 hospitals in Southwest China.

Chinese translation, cross-cultural adaptation, and psychometric validation of patient-reported outcome measurement- questionnaire about gynecological and pelvic pain symptoms (ENDOPAIN-4D).

Objectives: The aim of this study was to cross-culturally translate a questionnaire about gynecological and pelvic pain symptoms (ENDOPAIN-4D) patient-reported outcome measurement (PROM) into Chinese and evaluate its reliability and validity.

Methods: The questionnaire was translated according to Brislin's classic back-translation model. We conducted cultural debugging through cognitive interviews with Chinese-speaking women who had experienced pelvic pain (n = 24).

Regulatory T cells in CIDP and the inhibitory effect of rapamycin on them.

We aim to investigate the proportion and function of regulatory T (Treg) cells, as well as mTORC activity in chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy (CIDP) patients. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from 15 CIDP and healthy controls (HC) were collected. Treg and responsive T (Tresp) cells were isolated.

Detection of Retinal and Choriocapillaris Microvascular Changes in Retinal Vein Occlusion and Fellow Eyes by Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Introduction: This study aims to summarize the retinal and choroidal microvascular features detected by optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) in the affected and fellow eyes of patients with retinal vein occlusion (RVO).

Methods: A comprehensive search of the PubMed, Embase, and Ovid databases was conducted to identify studies comparing OCTA metrics among RVO, RVO-fellow, and control eyes. Outcomes of interest included parameters related to foveal avascular zone (FAZ) and fovea- and optic nerve head (ONH)-centered perfusion measurements of superficial capillary plexus (SCP), deep capillary plexus (DCP), and choriocapillaris layer.