Organoids as Tools for Investigating Skin Aging: Mechanisms, Applications, and Insights.

Organoids have emerged as transformative tools in biomedical research, renowned for their ability to replicate the complexity construct of human tissues. Skin aging is a multifaceted biological process, influenced by both intrinsic factors and extrinsic factors. Traditional models for studying skin aging often fall short in capturing the intricate dynamics of human skin.

Immunometabolic alteration of CD4 T cells in the pathogenesis of primary Sjögren's syndrome.

Primary Sjögren's syndrome (pSS) is a prevalent autoimmune disorder wherein CD4 T cells play a pivotal role in its pathogenesis. However, the underlying mechanisms driving the hyperactivity of CD4 T cells in pSS remain poorly understood. This study aimed to investigate the potential role of immunometabolic alterations in driving the hyperactivity of CD4 T cells in pSS.

Cardioprotective effects of curcumin against Diabetic Cardiomyopathies: A systematic review and meta-analysis of preclinical studies.

Background: As a common complication of diabetes, diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) often leads to further damage to the heart muscle. Curcumin has been proven to have a variety of cardioprotective effects, however, the protective effect against DCM has not been systematically reviewed.

Purpose: In this study, we aimed to analyze the preclinical (animal model) evidence of curcumin's therapeutic effects in DCM.

17β-Estradiol protects female rats from bilateral oophorectomy-induced nonalcoholic fatty liver disease induced by improving linoleic acid metabolism alteration and gut microbiota disturbance.

After surgical or natural menopause, women face a high risk of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), which can be diminished by hormone replacement therapy (HRT). The gut microbiota is subject to modulation by various physiological changes and the progression of diseases. This microbial ecosystem coexists symbiotically with the host, playing pivotal roles in immune maturation, microbial defense mechanisms, and metabolic functions essential for nutritional and hormone homeostasis.

The status of nuclear medicine in China: the first official national survey.

Aim/introduction: The National Nuclear Medicine Quality Control Center of China conducted the first official survey to investigate the nationwide situation of nuclear medicine in 2020. The survey aimed to unveil the current nuclear medicine situation and its quality control in China.

Materials And Methods: The web-based survey was conducted and the data was collected via the National Clinical Improvement System (NCIS) of China from 1st April to 31st May 2021.

Efficacy, safety, and survival findings after long-term follow-up of ZGJAK002: A phase 2 study comparing jaktinib at 100 mg twice daily (BID) and 200 mg once daily (QD) in patients with myelofibrosis.

Jaktinib, a novel JAK and ACVR1 inhibitor, has exhibited promising results in treating patients with myelofibrosis (MF). ZGJAK002 is a Phase 2 trial aimed to assess the efficacy and safety of jaktinib 100 mg BID (N = 66) and 200 mg QD (N = 52) in JAK inhibitor-naive patients with intermediate- or high-risk MF. We herein present the long-term data with a median follow-up of 30.

17β-Estradiol (E) Upregulates the ERα/SIRT1/PGC-1α Signaling Pathway and Protects Mitochondrial Function to Prevent Bilateral Oophorectomy (OVX)-Induced Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD).

Premature menopause is associated with an increased prevalence of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Menopausal hormone therapy (MHT) has been widely used in clinical practice and has the potential to protect mitochondrial function and alleviate NAFLD. After bilateral oophorectomy (OVX), female rats without 17β-estradiol (E) intervention developed NAFLD, whereas E supplementation was effective in preventing NAFLD in female rats.

Efficacy and safety of compassionate use for rare diseases: a scoping review from 1991 to 2022.

Background: Compassionate use is a system that provides patients with expedited access to drugs which has not yet been approved, but currently in clinical trials. The investigational drugs have been authorized for compassionate use in cases involving patients suffered from life-threatening diseases and with no alternative treatments. For instance, patients afflicted with highly heterogeneous rare diseases are eligible for treatment assistance through the compassionate use program.

Comparison of percutaneous coronary intervention of native coronary artery versus bypass graft in patients with prior coronary artery bypass grafting.

Background: Large number of patients with prior coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) need repeat revascularization yearly, and percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) is the optimal treatment strategy for such patients. However, it is still controversial whether PCI of native coronary artery or bypass graft is more beneficial. The aim of the study was to compare the clinical outcomes between native coronary artery bypass graft PCI in patients with prior CABG.

Genetic evidence for the causal association between type 1 diabetes and the risk of polycystic ovary syndrome.

Background: Accumulating observational studies have identified associations between type 1 diabetes (T1D) and polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Still, the evidence about the causal effect of this association is uncertain.

Methods: We performed a two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis to test for the causal association between T1D and PCOS using data from a large-scale biopsy-confirmed genome-wide association study (GWAS) in European ancestries.

Down-regulation of Lon protease 1 lysine crotonylation aggravates mitochondrial dysfunction in polycystic ovary syndrome.

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a prevalent reproductive endocrine disorder, with metabolic abnormalities and ovulation disorders. The post-translational modifications (PTMs) are functionally relevant and strengthen the link between metabolism and cellular functions. Lysine crotonylation is a newly identified PTM, the function of which in PCOS has not yet been reported.

Treatment of non-tuberculosis mycobacteria skin infections.

Non-tuberculosis mycobacteria (NTM) skin infections have become increasingly prevalent in recent years, presenting a unique challenge in clinical management. This review explored the complexities of NTM infections localized to the superficial tissues and provided valuable insights into the optimal therapeutic strategies. The antibiotic selection should base on NTM species and their susceptibility profiles.

Identifying oxidative stress-related biomarkers in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis in the context of predictive, preventive, and personalized medicine using integrative omics approaches and machine-learning strategies.

Background: Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a rare interstitial lung disease with a poor prognosis that currently lacks effective treatment methods. Preventing the acute exacerbation of IPF, identifying the molecular subtypes of patients, providing personalized treatment, and developing individualized drugs are guidelines for predictive, preventive, and personalized medicine (PPPM / 3PM) to promote the development of IPF. Oxidative stress (OS) is an important pathological process of IPF.

Identifying Ferroptosis-Related Genes Associated with Weight Loss Outcomes and Regulation of Adipocyte Microenvironment.

Scope: The study is about the influence of ferroptosis-related genes combined with the immune microenvironment exerted on weight control outcomes and systematic analysis.

Methods And Results: Subcutaneous adipose tissue (sWAT) samples from 11 subjects with good outcome and 10 subjects with poor outcome in weight management are obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus database. The results are validated in vivo in animal models with different weight loss outcomes.

Renal perfusion improvement in the perioperative period after unilateral endovascular revascularization in patients with atherosclerotic renal artery stenosis.

Background: The clinical benefits of endovascular treatment in renal artery stenosis (RAS) remain controversial. This study used an intraoperative renal perfusion imaging technique, called flat-panel detector parenchymal blood volume imaging (FD-PBV), to observe the change in renal perfusion after endovascular treatment in RAS.

Materials And Methods: In a prospective, single-center study, we assigned 30 patients with atherosclerotic RAS who underwent endovascular treatment between March 2016 and March 2021.

RANKL inhibition: a new target of treating diabetes mellitus?

Accumulating evidence demonstrates the link between glucose and bone metabolism. The receptor activator of nuclear factor-kB ligand (RANKL)/the receptor activator of NF-κB (RANK)/osteoprotegerin (OPG) axis is an essential signaling axis maintaining the balance between bone resorption and bone formation. In recent years, it has been found that RANKL and RANK are distributed not only in bone but also in the liver, muscle, adipose tissue, pancreas, and other tissues that may influence glucose metabolism.

Influence of occupational exposure to antineoplastic agents on adverse pregnancy outcomes among nurses: A meta-analysis.

Aim: This study aimed to explore the relationship between nurses' occupational exposure to antineoplastic agents and adverse pregnancy outcomes.

Design: Meta-analysis.

Methods: Data were retrieved from studies published before April 2022 in PubMed, the Cochrane Library, the Web of Science, Embase databases, the China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), China Biology Medicine disc (CBM), China Science and Technology Journal databases (VIP) and Wan Fang databases (WF).

17β-oestradiol inhibits ferroptosis in the hippocampus by upregulating DHODH and further improves memory decline after ovariectomy.

Ovariectomy (OVX) conducted before the onset of natural menopause is considered to bringing forward and accelerate the process of ageing-associated neurodegeneration. However, the mechanisms underlying memory decline and other cognitive dysfunctions following OVX are unclear. Given that iron accumulates during ageing and after OVX, we hypothesized that excess iron accumulation in the hippocampus would cause ferroptosis-induced increased neuronal degeneration and death associated with memory decline.