A randomized prospective study to compare the efficacy of 308-nm light-emitting diode and 308-nm excimer lamp in the treatment of facial vitiligo.

Background: Previous studies have proven that 308-nm light-emitting diode(308-nm LED)and 308-nm excimer lamp(308-nm MEL) are effective in treating vitiligo, but there is a lack of comparison of their efficacy for facial lesions.

Objective: To evaluate and contrast the treatment success rates of 308-nm LED versus 308-nm excimer lamp in managing facial lesions among patients suffering from stable non-segmental vitiligo.

Methods: The enrolled 119 patients with 145 lesions were randomly assigned to receive 308-nm LED or 308-nm MEL for two months.

Mechanism of female CHH caused by compound heterozygous mutations in the LHB gene.

Background: Luteinizing hormone (LH) plays a crucial role in the postnatal development and maturation of gonads. Inactivating mutations of the luteinizing hormone beta subunit (LHB)gene are extremely rare and can result in congenital hypogonadotropic hypogonadism (CHH).

Methods: We conducted DNA sequencing on an 18-year-old female patient with undetectable LH and clinical symptoms of CHH.

Prognostic and therapeutic implications of measurable residual disease levels during remission induction of childhood ALL.

We evaluated the prognostic and therapeutic significance of measurable residual disease (MRD) during remission induction in pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) patients. In the CCCG-ALL-2015 protocol, 7640 patients were categorized into low-, intermediate-, or high-risk groups based on clinical and genetic features. Final risk classification was determined by MRD assessed via flow cytometry on Days 19 and 46 of remission induction, with additional intensified chemotherapy for Day 19 MRD ≥1%.

Targeting Enterobacter cloacae attenuates osteolysis by reducing ammonium in multiple myeloma.

Multiple myeloma (MM)-induced bone disease affects not only patients' quality of life but also their overall survival. Our previous work demonstrated that the gut microbiome plays a crucial role in MM progression and drug resistance. However, the role of altered gut microbiota in MM bone disease remains unclear.

Cervical Defect Reconstruction Using Preexpanded Neck Flaps Transferred in a Scarf-wrapping Manner.

Objective: Cervical burn scar contractures can be repaired using many modalities, including skin grafts, pedicled and free flaps. Although preexpanded cervical flaps can provide a like-with-like reconstruction, a simple advancement transfer of the flaps often fails to achieve ideal outcomes. The authors aimed to introduce a method using the preexpanded cervical flaps transferred in a scarf-wrapping manner to repair neck defects.

Biomarkers.

Background: The present study aimed to establish a panel of plasma proteins that are associated with cognitive performance and amyloid-β burden and establish their utility for distinguishing early Alzheimer's disease (AD) from healthy controls.

Method: Plasma from fifty patients with early AD (all amyloid-positive) and forty-nine healthy controls (HCs) were assayed using quantitative mass spectrometry. The weighted correlation network analysis (WGCNA) was used to explore the association between plasma protein levels and cognitive performance and filter out the high-performance plasma proteomic biomarker candidates.

Study on Time Distribution and Pathogenic Bacteria of Infection After Auricular Reconstruction With Tissue Expansion for Microtia.

Background: Postoperative infection is one of the main complications that affect the surgical effect of auricular reconstruction with tissue expansion. Understanding the susceptible time and distribution of pathogens is especially important for the treatment.

Method: The data of patients with infection after auricular reconstruction with tissue expansion from September 1, 2018 to August 30, 2024 were collected retrospectively.

Risk Estimation of Carcinogenic and Noncarcinogenic Diseases from Radiation for Medical X-ray Workers.

The objective of this paper is to construct a follow-up cohort of medical x-ray workers and analyze the risk estimates of radiation-induced carcinogenic and noncarcinogenic diseases induced by chronic low-dose ionizing radiation exposure in the follow-up cohort. A fixed cohort study was used. A total of 159 medical x-ray workers working in radiology departments of hospitals in Gansu Province from 1950 to 1980 were selected as the radiology group, and 149 medical workers in internal medicine, surgery, and other departments who had not engaged in radiology work at the same hospital were selected as the control group.

Public Health.

Background: With a rapidly aging population, general practitioners (GPs) in communities are confronting the challenge of determining those who are at greatest risk for cognitive impairment and potentially need more specialized follow-up and intervention to mitigate symptoms early in their course. Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) serves as an important stage for the early intervention and prevention of dementia. However, most MCI survey questionnaires require heavy investments of manpower and time, which limits the possibility of their application among GPs in communities.

Integrating D-Dimer Thresholds into the Revised Caprini Risk Stratification to Predict Deep Vein Thrombosis Risk in Preoperative Knee Osteoarthritis Patients.

Introduction: Preoperative patients with knee osteoarthritis have a significantly increased risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE). While the Caprini risk assessment model offers some clinical guidance in predicting deep vein thrombosis (DVT), it has a relatively low predictive accuracy. Enhancing the model by integrating biomarkers, such as D-dimers, can potentially improve its accuracy.

Current advance in comprehensive management of hilar cholangiocarcinoma and navigation in surgery: non-systematic reviews.

Hilar Cholangiocarcinoma (h-CCA) originates from the epithelial cells, which characters as longitudinal growth along the bile ducts and invasion of peripheral vascular nerves. Due to the tumours insidious progression and usually become advanced stage disease at presentation, patients' mortality could parallel incidence rates. For patients who are not amenable to resection, systemic therapy and palliative treatment become the way to go.

Biomarkers.

Background: Dementia is prevalent over the world with unclear mechanism. Gene is supposed to play a vital role in the pathogenesis of dementia. However, the genetic basis of the majority of dementia patients is unknown.

Biomarkers.

Background: To assess the diagnostic efficacy of plasma biomarkers in distinguishing Alzheimer's pathologic changes from other forms of dementia, our study focused on examining plasma biomarkers in accordance with the AT(N) system.

Method: A total of 156 participants were recruited from the PUMCH dementia cohort. This comprised 55 non-AD (A-) and 101 Alzheimer's pathologic changes (A+) individuals.

A Dual-Targeting Biomimetic Nanoplatform Integrates SDT/CDT/Gas Therapy to Boost Synergistic Ferroptosis for Orthotopic Hepatocellular Carcinoma Therapy.

The development of efficient therapeutic strategies to promote ferroptotic cell death offers significant potential for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) treatment. Herein, this study presents an HCC-targeted nanoplatform that integrates bimetallic FeMoO nanoparticles with CO-releasing molecules, and further camouflaged with SP94 peptide-modified macrophage membrane for enhanced ferroptosis-driven multi-modal therapy of HCC. Leveraging the multi-enzyme activities of the multivalent metallic elements, the nanoplatform not only decomposes HO to generate oxygen and alleviate tumor hypoxia but also depletes glutathione to inactivate glutathione peroxides 4, which amplify sonodynamic therapy and ferroptotic tumor death under ultrasound (US) irradiation.

Developing Topics.

Background: The gut microbiota plays a certain role in Alzheimer's disease, and various types of enteritis can also cause disturbances in the gut microbiota. Recently, researchers have substantially highlighted the effect of some enteritis on Alzheimer's disease incidence and development. In this study, we elucidated the correlation between mucosal proctocolitis and Alzheimer's disease and possible mechanism.

Developing Topics.

Background: Hyperlipoprotein cholesterolemia increases the risk of Alzheimer's disease(AD). LDL is mainly responsible for the risk. However, lipoprotein have different densities, different particle sizes, and different compositions.

Developing Topics.

Background: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is associated with abnormal glucose tolerance. However, the contributing factors are unknown. We aim to find markers of Alzheimer's disease in association with abnormal glucose tolerance.

Developing Topics.

Background: Some studies have reported that neurodegenerative diseases can have different effects on the structure and function of peripheral organs, including organ volumes, and we wondered whether there is a genetic causal relationship between the two and whether changes in the volumes of parenchymal organs can affect the risk of developing neurodegenerative diseases.

Method: Our SNP data were obtained from several different databases, including UKB and IEU OpenGWAS, and we analyzed them using bidirectional Mendelian randomization followed by comprehensive robustness analysis.

Result: For traditional genetic threshold: belly subcutaneous fat tissue volume can increase the risk of Alzheimer's disease.

Tubulointerstitial nephritis antigen-like 1 promotes the progression of liver fibrosis after HCV eradication with direct-acting antivirals.

Although therapies based on direct-acting antivirals (DAAs) effectively eradicate hepatitis C virus (HCV) in patients, there is still a high risk of liver fibrosis even after a sustained virological response. Therefore, it is of great clinical importance to understand the mechanism of potential factors that promote liver fibrosis after virological cure by treatment with DAAs. Here, we found that tubulointerstitial nephritis antigen-like 1 (TINAGL1) is significantly increased in HCV-infected hepatocytes and in the liver of patients with liver fibrosis, and that higher TINAGL1 expression persists in HCV-eradicated hepatocytes after treatment with DAAs.

Navigating the landscape of neoadjuvant immunotherapy for NSCLC: progress and controversies.

Recently, attention has increasingly centered on non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with immune checkpoint inhibitors application. Numerous clinical studies have underscored the potential of immunotherapy in treating resectable NSCLC, highlighting its role in improving patient outcomes. However, despite these promising results, there is ongoing debate regarding the efficacy of immunological combination therapy strategies, the prevalence of treatment-related side effects, the identification of predictive biomarkers, and various other challenges within the neoadjuvant context.

How Accurately Does Bone Mineral Density Predict Bone Strength? A Clinical Observational Study of Osteoporosis Vertebral Compression Fractures in Postmenopausal Women.

Objectives: Dual energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) provides incomplete information about bone strength. There are few data on the relationship between osteoporosis-related examinations and bone strength. The objective of the present study was to determine which osteoporosis-related examinations best predicted trabecular bone strength, and to enhance a formula for predicting bone strength on the basis of bone density examination.

Arachidonic acid synergizes with aspirin preventing myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury and mitigates bleeding risk.

Aims: The therapeutic efficacy of coronary revascularization is compromised by myocardial ischemia-reperfusion (MI/R) injury. Higher levels of circulating arachidonic acid (AA) are reportedly associated with lower risk of cardiovascular disease. The cyclooxygenase (COX) pathway metabolizes AA into prostaglandins (PGs) and the platelet-activating thromboxane A2 (TXA2), which is inhibited by aspirin.

[The impact of mitochondrial transfer on leukemia progression].

The objective of the present study was to investigate the role and mechanism of bone marrow microenvironmental cells in regulating the mitochondrial mass of leukemia cells, and to uncover the mechanism of leukemia progression at the metabolic level. A mouse model of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) induced by the overexpression of the MLL-AF9 (MA9) fusion protein was established, and the bone marrow cells of AML mice were transplanted into mitochondrial fluorescence reporter mice expressing the Dendra2 protein (mito-Dendra2 mice). The proportion of Dendra2 cells in bone marrow leukemia cells at different stages of AML was quantified by flow cytometry.

[Expert consensus on ethical requirements for artificial intelligence (AI) processing medical data].

As artificial intelligence technology rapidly advances, its deployment within the medical sector presents substantial ethical challenges. Consequently, it becomes crucial to create a standardized, transparent, and secure framework for processing medical data. This includes setting the ethical boundaries for medical artificial intelligence and safeguarding both patient rights and data integrity.

Association between renal mean perfusion pressure and prognosis in patients with sepsis-associated acute kidney injury: insights from the MIMIC IV database.

Objective: To investigate the association between renal mean perfusion pressure (MPP) and prognosis in sepsis-associated acute kidney injury (SA-AKI).

Methods: Data were extracted from the Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care IV (MIMIC-IV) database. Group-based trajectory modeling (GBTM) was applied to identify dynamic MPP patterns, while restricted cubic spline (RCS) curves were utilized to confirm the non-linear relationship between MPP and mortality.