Case Report: Report of 2 Different Cases of Ovarian Teratoma Evaluated by Dynamic Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasound.

Ovarian masses are not easily differentiated on transabdominal ultrasound in children. A useful supplement in various pediatric applications is dynamic contrast-enhanced ultrasound (dynCEUS). It can be performed quickly and easily.

Gastrointestinal perforations and associated risk factors in children after liver transplantation.

In this study, possible risk factors of gastrointestinal perforations (GIP) that increase mortality after liver transplantation in children were investigated. One hundred and thirty-one pediatric patients who underwent 139 liver transplants between January 2016 and February 2020 were evaluated retrospectively based on preoperative and surgical data. Furthermore, cases with biliary atresia, which constitute 26.

Complications of ceftriaxone-associated biliary pseudolithiasis and neprolithiasis: a case report.

Introduction: Ceftriaxone is a wide-spectrum antibiotic frequently used in pediatrics. Biliary pseudolithiasis is a well-known side-effect occurring in 15-57% of cases. However, nephrolithiasis is extremely infrequent, with very few related publications.

An extremely rare case of indirect hernia type co-existing with testicular ectopia.

We present an extremely rare case of inguinal hernia coexisting with testicular ectopia in a child. Male infant 9.5 month old presented with an empty scrotum and the ipsilateral intravaginal testis lying in a high iliac crest position.

Fetus in Fetu: Lessons Learned from a Large Multicenter Cohort Study.

Introduction:  Fetus in fetu (FIF) is an extremely rare condition of abnormal twinning during embryogenesis. Most publications are single case reports. We describe the combined experience of four large tertiary referral centers with FIF which were not previously reported or published, and thereby draw conclusions to establish criteria for the workup, diagnosis, and management including intraoperative risk.

Innocent Children in the Syrian Civil War.

Introduction:  Our aim is to present the clinical and surgical characteristics of the children affected by the Syrian civil war.

Materials And Methods:  Medical records were reviewed retrospectively for Syrian war victims between the ages of 0 and 18 who were brought to the emergency department of the Education and Research Hospital between March 2011 and March 2019. Each patient was evaluated with respect to demographic data (gender, age), type of injury, history of operations in Syria, injured organ(s), accompanying traumas and the mortality and trauma score.

Unusual anatomical variation: tetrafurcation of the celiac trunk.

The celiac trunk is one of the main sources of vascularization of the supracolic abdominal compartment. It arises from the abdominal aorta, at the level of T12-L1 vertebrae and classically branches into the splenic artery, common hepatic artery, and left gastric artery. We report here an atypical branching pattern of the celiac trunk, found during the dissection of a 60-year-old female's formalin-fixed cadaver.

An unusual case of unilateral supernumerary extensor carpi radialis muscle.

An uncommon anatomical variant of muscle that can be considered as a supernumerary extensor carpi radialis muscle was found during the dissection of the forearm region. The identified extensor carpi radialis muscle has origin on the lateral supraepicondylar ridge of the humerus, and an unusual insertion on the tubercle of the scaphoid bone. The presence of this supernumerary muscle may cause diagnostic errors in the forearm region, and can produce a debilitating pain syndrome by secondary compression of adjacent nerves, vessels or tendons due to its course along the anterior compartment of the forearm.

The Prevalence of Redo-Ureteroneocystostomy and Associated Risk Factors inPediatric Vesicoureteral Reflux Patients Treated with Ureteroneocystostomy.

Purpose: The aim of the study was to examine the prevalence of redo-ureteroneocystostomy (redo-UNC) in pediatric vesicouretheral reflux (VUR) patients following open UNC and factors associated with redo-UNC.

Material And Methods: Data on 122 patients who underwent open UNC for VUR were analyzed in this retrospective case-control study. The patients were divided into a successful initial UNC group (UNC group, control) and an unsuccessful initial UNC group (redo-UNC group, case).

Guideline implementation for the treatment of undescended testes: Still room for improvement.

Background: Early orchidopexy (OP) around the age of 1 year is recommended in boys with congenital undescended testis (UDT) worldwide since decades. Former retrospectives studies did not distinguish congenital from acquired UDT with a consecutive negative bias concerning the age at surgery.

Methods: In a retrospective analysis, data of all boys who underwent OP in eight pediatric surgery institutions from 2009 to 2015 were analyzed.

Physeal fractures of the lower leg in children and adolescents: Therapeutic results, pitfalls and suggested management protocol - based on the experience of the authors and contemporary literature.

Purpose: Physeal fractures in children frequently give rise to concerns about the condition of the growth plate. Our observations have proven that the dysfunction of the growth plate is less frequent complication in those cases than misdiagnosed interposition of the periosteum. The aim of this paper is to familiarize the readers with the issue of treatment of physeal fractures of the distal tibia and fibula in the growing skeleton.

Propranolol in the preoperative treatment of Kasabach-Merritt syndrome: a case report.

Background: Kasabach-Merritt syndrome represents the association of hemangioma with thrombocytopenia and consumptive coagulopathy. We present a case of Kasabach-Merritt syndrome treatment with orally administered propranolol.

Case Presentation: A 4.

Persistent Müllerian duct syndrome: A novel mutation in the Αnti-Müllerian Ηormone gene.

Background And Objective: Persistent Müllerian duct syndrome (PMDS) is a relatively rare form of 46,XY disorder of sex development caused by the failure of formation, release or action of anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) in intrauterine life. In this report we describe a case diagnosed with PMDS with a novel homozygous mutation in the AMH gene.

Case Report: A 4-month-old male presented with bilateral cryptorchidism and normal external genitalia.

Seasonal trends in the prevalence of hypospadias: Aetiological implications.

The aim of the present study was to examine the seasonality of hypospadias in Greece in an attempt to elucidate the aetiology. All boys born between 1991-1998, who underwent hypospadias repair at 'Aghia Sophia' Children's Hospital, Athens (n=542) were analysed. All Greek live-born males during the same period (population at risk; m=421,175) served as the controls.

Voiding Urosonography with Second-Generation Ultrasound Contrast Agent for Diagnosis of Vesicoureteric Reflux: First Local Pilot Study.

Background: Vesicoureteric reflux (VUR) is an important association of paediatric urinary tract infection (UTI) found in 30-50% of all children presenting with first UTI. Contrast-enhanced voiding ultrasonography (ceVUS) has become an important radiation-free method for VUR detection in children. Its sensitivity in detecting VUR has greatly improved due to the development of the contrast-specific ultrasound techniques and the introduction of the second-generation ultrasound contrast agent, superseding the diagnostic accuracy of standard radiological procedures.

Multiple Gastric Erosion Early after a 3 V Lithium Battery (CR2025) Ingestion in an 18-Month-Old Male Patient: Consideration about the Proper Time of Intervention.

. Button battery ingestion is considered an emergency situation in pediatric patients that needs to be managed promptly; otherwise, it may lead to serious and potentially lethal complications, especially when it is impacted in the esophagus. Less attention has been given in cases where the battery passes into the stomach, with guidelines for emergency intervention being based on the presence of symptoms.

Does elevated urinary 5-hydroxyindole acetic acid level predict acute appendicitis in children?

Background: Acute appendicitis is the most common abdominal surgical emergency in children, and appendectomy is the most frequent acute abdominal operation. Prompt diagnosis and surgical treatment are required to reduce the risk of perforation and prevent complications, especially in small children. Enterochromaffin cells that contain large amounts of serotonin are mostly located in the distal appendix.

Ulcerated Scrotal Hemangioma in an 18-Month-Old Male Patient: A Case Report and Review of the Literature.

Deep scrotal hemangiomas are rare. Less than 50 case reports have been published. After systematic research of the literature, we found less than 5 cases of ulcerated scrotal hemangioma.

Repair of Postoperative Abdominal Hernia in a Child with Congenital Omphalocele Using Porcine Dermal Matrix.

Introduction. Incisional hernias are a common complication appearing after abdominal wall defects reconstruction, with omphalocele and gastroschisis being the most common etiologies in children. Abdominal closure of these defects represents a real challenge for pediatric surgeons with many surgical techniques and various prosthetic materials being used for this purpose.

The effects of botulinum toxin type A on improvement and dynamic spastic equinus correction in children with cerebral palsy - preliminary results.

Introduction: We evaluated the effects of botulinum toxin type A (BTA) with physical therapy on dynamic foot equinus correction and higher motor functional outcome in children with spastic type of cerebral palsy (CP).

Material And Methods: Ankle joint active and passive movement, gastrocnemial muscle spasticity levels (Modified Ashworth Scale (MAS)), and higher motor functional status (Gross Motor Function Classification System (GMFCS) and Gross Motor Function Measure (GMFM) (GMFM-D - standing and GMFM-E - walking) were assessed before treatment and 3, 8, 16 weeks and 6 months after BTA administration in 12 children.

Results: There was a significant improvement of active (initial - (-)13.

Endoscopic management of vesicoureteral reflux in children in kosova.

Introduction: Vesicoureteral reflux (VUR) in children has been treated with subureteric deflux injection of Deflux (dextranomer hyaluronic acid copolymer) since 2009. The aim of this study was to analyze the results of endoscopic treatment of VUR in our clinic.

Methods: Between March 2009 and December 2013, fifty-five children underwent endoscopic subureteral injection of Deflux in 78 ureters.

Retrograde intrarenal surgery for the treatment of renal stones in children: factors influencing stone clearance and complications.

Background: Retrograde intrarenal surgery (RIRS) is a known option for the treatment of upper tract calculi with an excellent success. However, the reports of RIRS in prepubertal children are limited. In this study, we evaluated the factors which affected the success rate and the complications of RIRS at renal stone treatment in childhood.