Systematic Review: Efficacy of Medical Therapy on Outcomes Important to Pediatric Patients with X-Linked Hypophosphatemia.

Objective: To examine the evidence addressing the management of X-linked hypophosphatemia (XLH) in children to inform treatment recommendations.

Methods: We searched Embase, MEDLINE, Web of Science, and Cochrane Central up to May 2023. Eligible studies included RCTs and observational studies of individuals less than 18yrs with clinically or genetically confirmed XLH.

Endophenotype presentation of athletes with concussion contingent on sex and time since injury.

Introduction: Athletes with concussions experience heterogeneous symptoms and clinical trajectories. Subclassification provides diagnostic clarity that may improve prognostication and individualized treatments.

Methods: We hypothesized that endophenotypes of adolescent athletes with concussions differ based on sex and time since injury.

Primary Care Considerations for Youth Martial Arts Athletes.

Purpose Of Review: This review aims to analyze the impact of martial arts on youth, addressing the physical and psychosocial benefits, as well as the injury risks associated with increased participation.

Recent Findings: Data from the National Federation of State High School Associations indicates a notable increase in youth participation in martial arts, with a rise of over 13,000 participants from 2018 to 2022. In addition to physical benefits, recent studies highlight that martial arts can significantly enhance mindfulness, reduce stress, and improve self-control, thus diminishing bullying behaviors in school-aged children.

Intramalleolar triplane ankle fractures in adolescents.

This article aims to describe a multicenter cohort of atypical triplane ankle fractures with intramalleolar involvement of the epiphysis, providing insights into the affected population, treatment outcomes, and complications. In addition, we propose a treatment strategy for such fractures based on our findings. A retrospective analysis was conducted on adolescent patients diagnosed with triplane ankle fractures.

Factors influencing recurrence in clubfoot treatment with the Ponseti method in children under 5 years of age: a scoping review.

Clubfoot (CF) is one of the most common musculoskeletal congenital abnormalities. Despite having optimal methods for its treatment, factors associated with the recurrence of CF treatment continue to be a topic of interest. The aim of this study was to perform a scoping review of the existing literature on factors associated with the recurrence of CF following treatment with the Ponseti method in children under 5 years of age.

Evaluating the quality of life in mothers caring for children with congenital clubfoot: prospective sequential evaluation along the course of Ponseti management.

The post birth revelation of child with physical anomaly taxes maternal hopes of a healthy child. However, unlike many other congenital anomalies, the Ponseti method has enabled an early and effective treatment of the clubfoot deformity. Our study aimed to assess the quality of life (QoL) of mothers with child born with idiopathic clubfoot through various stages of its management compared to a healthy infant.

[Screw Angle and Condylar Ratio as Possible Parameters to Monitor the Treatment of Idiopathic Axial lower Limb Deformities Using Eight-Figure Plates].

Purpose Of The Study: Temporary hemiepiphyseodesis using figure-eight plates is currently one of the main surgical techniques to correct axial deformities of lower limbs in paediatric patients. Comprehensive analysis, correct indication and monitoring of treatment are the basic prerequisites for successful therapy. The aim of the study was to analyse parameters that could become an alternative to standard parameters used nowadays, namely the inserted screw angle (SA), and a new parameter - condylar ratio (CR).

Necessity of Tendoachilles Tenotomy in Patients With Congenital Talipes Equinovarus (CTEV) Treated Using the Ponseti Technique: A Prospective Cohort Study.

Aim: This study aims to determine how often Achilles tenotomy is performed on patients who have congenital talipes equinovarus (CTEV) and have been managed with Ponseti serial casts.

Materials And Methods: This prospective cohort study took place from November 2021 to May 2023 in the orthopedic unit of Hayatabad Medical Complex, Peshawar, Pakistan. About 38 pediatric patients with CTEV, who received treatment in the form of Ponseti casting, were enrolled in the study.

First Palmar Intermetacarpal Flap for Congenital First Web Contracture: A Case Series.

Background: Pediatric first web space contractures of the hand can lead to disability in hand function. Several techniques have been proposed for treating this condition. Recently, a new technique involving the first palmar cutaneous flap was described in a cadaveric study.

Three-Dimensional Gait Analysis of School-Age Children With Angelman Syndrome: A Case-Control Study.

Gait disturbance is a common motor symptom in Angelman syndrome (AS), but its characteristics have been poorly studied quantitatively. This study aimed to analyze gait characteristics in school-age children with AS using three-dimensional gait analysis (3DGA). Patients with clinically and genetically confirmed AS and healthy children aged 6-15 years were included.

Nonoperative Management of Gartland Type II Supracondylar Humeral Fractures: A Comprehensive Review.

Purpose Of Review: This review aims to provide a comprehensive analysis of the nonoperative management of Gartland Type II fractures in pediatric patients.

Recent Findings: Supracondylar humeral fractures (SCF) are one of the most common traumatic fractures in pediatric populations, characterized as transverse fractures at the distal humerus between the medial and lateral columns. Early studies strongly opposed closed reduction and casting as an acceptable treatment modality for Gartland type II fractures as an early case series showed high rates of complications; however, more recent studies have suggested better outcomes.

Radiology resident competency in orthopedic trauma detection in simulated on-call scenarios.

Purpose: To evaluate radiology residents' ability to accurately identify three specific types of orthopedic trauma using radiographic imaging within a simulated on-call environment.

Methods: We utilized the Wisdom in Diagnostic Imaging Emergent/Critical Care Radiology Simulation (WIDI SIM) to assess residents' preparedness for independent radiology call. The simulation included 65 cases, with three focusing on orthopedic trauma: sacral ala, femoral neck, and pediatric tibial/Toddler's fractures.

An overview of artificial intelligence based automated diagnosis in paediatric dentistry.

Artificial intelligence (AI) is a subfield of computer science with the goal of creating intelligent machines (1) Machine learning is a branch of artificial intelligence. In machine learning a datasets are used for training diagnostic algorithms. This review comprehensively explains the applications of AI in the diagnosis in paediatric dentistry.

Pediatric Snowboarding-Related Concussions and Musculoskeletal Injuries Decreased From 2012 to 2022.

Purpose: To analyze mechanisms, diagnoses, and incidence of youth snowboarding-related injuries presenting to US emergency departments.

Methods: Data from the National Electronic Injury Surveillance System were analyzed for pediatric snowboarding injuries (≤18 years old) from 2012 to 2022. Data were collected for mechanism of injury, diagnosis, location of injury, and disposition.

Exploring Outcomes of Tibial Rigid Intramedullary Nailing in Adolescent Patients.

Objectives: To explore outcomes after tibial rigid intramedullary nailing (RIMN) in skeletally immature patients, with a focus on post-operative complications and iatrogenic changes in tibial slope due to anterior physeal arrest.

Methods: Design: Retrospective case series.

Setting: A large, tertiary care health system in the rural Mid-Atlantic United States, including two Level 1 trauma centers and one Level 2 trauma center.

Predicting Blood Loss in Aneurysmal Bone Cyst Surgery.

Background: Preoperative estimation of intraoperative blood loss is essential for its management and literature is lacking with respect to factors influencing blood loss in aneurysmal bone cysts (ABC) surgery. The purpose of this study is to identify risk factors and predictors for blood loss in ABC surgery.

Methods: An IRB-approved retrospective review was performed from 2011 to 2021 at a pediatric tertiary care center.

Mid-term outcomes of the modified Dunn procedure for slipped capital femoral epiphysis: results from a north African pediatric hip unit.

Background: Slipped Capital Femoral Epiphysis (SCFE) is a prevalent pediatric orthopedic condition. Treatment options range from in situ pinning to various osteotomies, with the Modified Dunn procedure gaining significant attention over the past two decades. However, the suitability of this procedure for different SCFE subtypes and the risk of avascular necrosis (AVN), particularly in moderate and severe cases, remains controversial.

The Initial Characteristics of Paediatric Supracondylar Humerus Fractures Led to Cubitus Varus Deformity and Delayed Displacement.

Supracondylar humerus fractures are the most common type of elbow fracture in children, with a variety of complications such as cubitus varus deformity. The most important goal of the initial treatment is to avoid complicated deformities. In the present study, we investigated cubitus varus deformity and discussed the ideal initial treatment for supracondylar humerus fractures.

Return to Sport After Treatment of Stable Osteochondritis Dissecans Lesions of the Knee in Adolescents: A Systematic Review.

Background: Treatment of stable osteochondritis dissecans (OCD) lesions of the knee in young patients poses the challenge of abstaining from competitive sports for months. Outcomes relevant to this patient population additionally include successful return to sport (RTS), return to the same level of sport, and the time needed to achieve both.

Purpose: To evaluate the adolescent population for RTS outcomes after treatment of stable OCD lesions of the knee and to compare RTS outcomes between patients treated nonoperatively and those who required surgery.

Immunophenotyping of Synovial Tissue in Adolescents Undergoing ACL Reconstruction: What Is the Role of Synovial Inflammation in Arthrofibrosis?

Background: Loss of motion and arthrofibrosis after anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction (ACLR) can be devastating complications for athletes. The cellular and molecular pathogenesis of arthrofibrosis is poorly understood, limiting prevention and treatment options. Synovial inflammation may contribute to post-ACLR arthrofibrosis.

Risk Factors for Recurrent Instability After Arthroscopic Bankart Repair in Pediatric and Adolescent Patients: A Systematic Review.

Background: While risk factors for recurrent instability (RI) after arthroscopic Bankart repair (ABR) for anterior glenohumeral instability (aGHI) have been well established in adult populations, there is much less evidence in pediatric and adolescent patients, despite being the most affected epidemiologic subpopulation.

Purpose: To identify the clinical, demographic, radiologic, and operative risk factors for RI after ABR for aGHI in pediatric and adolescent patients.

Study Design: Systematic review; Level of evidence, 4.

Tgfβ signaling stimulates glycolysis to promote the genesis of synovial joint interzone in developing mouse embryonic limbs.

The initial interzone cells for synovial joints originate from chondrocytes, but such critical transition is minimally understood. With single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) of murine embryonic knee joint primordia, we discovered that heightened expression of glycolysis genes characterized developing interzone cells when compared to flanking chondrocytes. Conditional deletion of the glucose transporters and/or , in either the incipient pre-skeletal mesenchyme with or in chondrocytes with , disrupted interzone formation dose-dependently.