Fixed-dose Combination of Torsemide and Mineralocorticoid Receptor Antagonists.

The combination of torsemide and spironolactone presents a promising approach to managing conditions such as edema and hypertension. Torsemide, a loop diuretic, enhances diuresis by inhibiting sodium reabsorption in the kidneys, while spironolactone, a potassium-sparing diuretic and mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist (MRA), complements this effect by preventing potassium loss and offering additional cardiovascular benefits. This review examines clinical evidence supporting their combined effectiveness in treating fluid retention and improving outcomes in conditions like heart failure (HF).

Association Between Sleep Duration and Atrial Fibrillation: A Narrative Review.

Sleep duration is a substantial risk factor for several cardiovascular diseases, including atrial fibrillation (AF). Despite much research, the precise nature of the relationship between the amount of sleep and AF remains unclear. This narrative review explores the relationship between AF and sleep duration, looking at genetic, mechanistic, and epidemiological data to explain this association.

Efficacy and safety of spironolactone versus bicalutamide in female pattern hair loss: A retrospective comparative study.

Background: Female-pattern hair loss (FPHL) is characterized by decreased scalp hair density, thinning of hair shafts, and progressive miniaturization of hair follicles.

Objective: To compare the safety and efficacy of spironolactone versus bicalutamide in female pattern hair loss [FPHL].

Methods: The study design was retrospective, and all eligible females aged between 18 years and 50 years with FPHL were included.

Dermoscopy of Inflammatory Dermatoses (Inflammoscopy) in Skin of Color - A Systematic Review by the International Dermoscopy Society "Imaging in Skin of Color" Task Force.

Dermoscopic patterns of inflammatory dermatoses (inflammoscopy) have been extensively studied in the recent years, though data on patients with darker phototypes (IV-VI) are sparse. The aims of this systematic review were to summarize the current state of knowledge on inflammoscopy applied to skin of color and provide a standardized nomenclature of reported findings. Besides dermoscopic features, type of setting and magnification, number of cases, and histopathological correlation were analyzed.

Dermoscopy of Infectious Dermatoses (Infectiouscopy) in Skin of Color - A Systematic Review by the International Dermoscopy Society "Imaging in Skin of Color" Task Force.

Dermoscopy has been showed to facilitate the non-invasive recognition of several infectious disorders (infectiouscopy) thanks to the detection of peculiar clues. Although most of the knowledge on this topic comes from studies involving light-skinned patients, there is growing evidence about its use also in dark phototypes. This systematic literature review summarizes published data on dermoscopy of parasitic, bacterial, viral and fungal dermatoses (dermoscopic findings, used setting, pathological correlation, and level of evidence of studies) and provides a homogeneous terminology of reported dermoscopic features according to a standardized methodology.

Dermoscopy of Hair and Scalp Disorders (Trichoscopy) in Skin of Color - A Systematic Review by the International Dermoscopy Society "Imaging in Skin of Color" Task Force.

Hair and scalp disorders are of significant interest for physicians dealing with dark phototypes due to their prevalence and potential aesthetic impact resulting from a higher tendency for scarring. In order to facilitate their non-invasive diagnosis, several dermoscopic studies have been published, yet data are sparse and no systematic analysis of the literature has been performed so far. This systematic literature review summarizes published data on trichoscopy of hair and scalp diseases (trichoscopic findings, used setting, pathological correlation, and level of evidence of studies).

Dermoscopy of Cutaneous Neoplasms in Skin of Color - A Systematic review by the International Dermoscopy Society "Imaging in Skin of Color" Task Force.

Over the last few decades, dermoscopy has been showed to facilitate the non-invasive diagnosis of both benign and malignant skin tumors, yet literature data mainly comes from studies on light photo-types. However, there is growing evidence that skin neoplasms may benefit from dermoscopic assessment even for skin of color. This systematic literature review evaluated published data in dark-skinned patients (dermoscopic features, used setting, pathological correlation, and level of evidence of studies), also providing a standardized and homogeneous terminology for reported dermoscopic findings.

Prevalence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease among diabetes, prediabetes and healthy population.

Introduction: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a global emerging health issue, which is due to extra fat deposition in the liver that poses a serious risk of liver cirrhosis. Our study assessed the glycaemic status and NAFLD in health patients coming for a regular health check-ups.

Material And Methods: This descriptive study was done on 192 healthy populations aged 30-70 years who underwent general health check-ups.

International Dermoscopy Society (IDS) Criteria for Skin Tumors: Validation for Skin of Color Through a Delphi Expert Consensus by the "Imaging in Skin of Color" IDS Task Force.

Introduction: A structured set of eight basic dermoscopic parameters (lines, clods, dots, circles, pseudopods, structureless, else, and vessels) including a total of 77 variables with corresponding descriptive and metaphoric vocabulary has been released for evaluation of skin tumors by the International Dermoscopy Society (IDS).

Objectives: To validate the aforementioned criteria for the use in darker phototypes (phototypes IV-VI) via an expert consensus.

Methods: The two-round "Delphi method" was adopted, with an iterative process including two rounds of email questionnaires.

Dermoscopic Features of Actinic Cheilitis and Other Common Inflammatory Cheilitis: A Multicentric Retrospective Observational Study by the International Dermoscopy Society.

Background: Clinical differentiation between different cheilitis variants may be difficult. Application of mucoscopy, in addition to clinical background, could provide additional diagnostic clues facilitating initial patient management.

Objectives: To determine mucoscopic clues differentiating actinic cheilitis from the main forms of inflammatory cheilitis, including eczematous cheilitis, discoid lupus erythematosus, and lichen planus of the lips.

International Dermoscopy Society criteria for non-neoplastic dermatoses (general dermatology): validation for skin of color through a Delphi expert consensus.

Background: The International Dermoscopy Society (IDS) recently released a set of five basic dermoscopic parameters (vessels, scales, follicular findings, "other structures," and specific clues) encompassing a total of 31 subitems to standardize the use of dermoscopy in non-neoplastic dermatoses, yet they have been developed taking into account Caucasian/Asian skin, with consequent possible limitations if used in dark skin.

Objectives: To validate the abovementioned criteria for the use in dark-skinned patients (phototypes IV-VI) through an expert consensus.

Methods: The two-round Delphi method was adopted, with an iterative process consisting of two rounds of email questionnaires.

Platelet-rich plasma with low dose oral minoxidil (1.25mg versus 2.5mg) along with trichoscopic pre- and post-treatment evaluation.

Background: Low dose (<5 mg) oral minoxidil (OM) seems a promising option for male androgenetic alopecia (MAGA).

Aim: To evaluate the role of oral minoxidil 1.25 mg versus oral minoxidil 2.

Dermoscopy in general dermatology (non-neoplastic dermatoses) of skin of colour: a comparative retrospective study by the International Dermoscopy Society.

Background: Dermoscopy has been shown to be a useful supportive tool to assist the diagnosis of several non-neoplastic dermatoses (i.e. inflammatory, infiltrative and infectious skin diseases), yet data on skin of colour is still limited.

Mucoscopy of lip squamous cell carcinoma and correlation with skin phototype and histological differentiation: a multicentric retrospective observational study by the International Dermoscopy Society.

Background: There is a scarcity of published data on the dermoscopic morphology of lip squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) and its variability according to the histological differentiation degree and patient's ethnicity as per skin phototype.

Objectives: To evaluate the dermoscopic features of SCC of the lips and identify possible dermoscopic clues that may aid in differentiation between well-differentiated, moderately-differentiated, and poorly-differentiated lesions, as well as between "fair" skin (Fitzpatrick skin phototypes I-III) and "dark" skin (Fitzpatrick skin phototypes IV-VI).

Methods: The clinical profile and dermoscopic images of patients of any age and either gender with histologically confirmed lip SCC collated from seven dermatological centers were retrospectively evaluated for dermoscopic clues as per certain predefined criteria.

Effect of home-based newborn care on neonatal and infant mortality: a cluster randomised trial in India.

Background: Home-based newborn care has been found to reduce neonatal mortality in rural areas. Study evaluated effectiveness of home-based care delivered by specially recruited newborn care workers- Shishu Rakshak (SR) and existing workers- anganwadi workers (AWW) in reducing neonatal and infant mortality rates.

Methods: This three-arm, community-based, cluster randomised trial was conducted in five districts in India.

Comparative Evaluation of CephNinja for Android and NemoCeph for Computer for Cephalometric Analysis: A Study to Evaluate the Diagnostic Performance of CephNinja for Cephalometric Analysis.

Background: Since the introduction of digitization in cephalometrics, orthodontics has experienced a new horizon. Technological advancement is usually followed by comparisons between the methods.

Aims: The aim of this study was to compare values of cephalometric analysis performed by CephNinja and NemoCeph for Downs's analysis.

A Statement of Solidarity on COVID-19 Pandemic 2020 by the South Asian Family Physicians.

The World Organization of Family Doctors (WONCA) is a not-for-profit organization and was founded in 1972 by member organizations in 18 countries. WONCA now has 118 Member Organizations in 131 countries and territories with a membership of about 500,000 family doctors and more than 90 percent of the world's population. WONCA has seven regions, each of which has its own regional Council and run their own regional activities including conferences.

Dermoscopy - a simple and rapid in vivo diagnostic technique for tinea incognito.

Tinea incognito resulting from corticosteroid abuse is becoming very common in the tropics. Its diagnosis is tricky owing to its confusing morphology, as well as practical and technical issues associated with mycological tests. Dermoscopy has now evolved as a novel diagnostic tool for diagnosing tinea incognito in such challenging situations, since the typical hair changes such as Morse-code hairs, deformable hairs, translucent hairs, comma and cork screw hairs, and perifollicular scaling may be seen despite steroid use, irrespective of mycological results.

Dermoscopy Update: Review of Its Extradiagnostic and Expanding Indications and Future Prospects.

The technique of dermoscopy has come a long way since its inception for characterization of suspicious nevi for early detection of dysplastic changes in predisposed individuals. Not only has its scope expanded to aid in quick diagnosis of a majority of nonmelanocytic disorders of the skin, hair, and nails, but it is being rightfully exploited for a plethora of nondiagnostic uses. Its use in the diagnosis of various pigmentary, papulosquamous, and infectious disorders and disorders of the scalp and hair, nails, and mucosa bears testimony to the ongoing expansion of its protean indications across skin types.

Assessment of general practitioners' needs and barriers in primary health care delivery in Asia Pacific region.

Background: Primary health care is the key to achieve universal health coverage and health for all. The role of general practitioner is now more important than ever. Gaps exist between primary care doctors' needs and available resources.

Asymptomatic Pinkish-Red Nodule over the Posterolateral Tongue.

A young otherwise healthy male presented with asymptomatic pinkish-red nodule over postero-lateral tongue with the suspicion of having developed oral cancer. Biopsy from the lesion showed multiple circumscribed nodules in the lamina propria comprised of numerous oval and spindle-shaped cells. Abundant lymphatic tissue with germinal centres were also observed.

Rural Health Scenario - Role of family medicine: Academy of Family Physicians of India Position Paper.

Half the world's people currently live in rural and remote areas. About 70% of the world's 1.4 billion people who are extremely poor live in rural areas.