The activation of OR51E1 causes growth suppression of human prostate cancer cells.

The development of prostate cancer (PCa) is regulated by the androgen-dependent activity of the androgen receptor (AR). Androgen-deprivation therapy (ADT) is therefore the gold standard treatment to suppress malignant progression of PCa. Nevertheless, due to the development of castration resistance, recurrence of disease after initial response to ADT is a major obstacle to successful treatment.

Expression Pattern of Matrix Metalloproteinase 20 (MMP20) in Human Tumors.

Background/aim: Matrix metalloproteinase 20 (MMP20) is a member of the family of matrix metalloproteinases. Under normal conditions the expression of MMP20 is restricted to ameloblasts and odontoblasts. In order to identify a possible expression of MMP20 under pathological conditions, we investigated three major human tumor entities, i.

Heterogeneous Mechanisms of Primary and Acquired Resistance to Third-Generation EGFR Inhibitors.

Purpose: To identify novel mechanisms of resistance to third-generation EGFR inhibitors in patients with lung adenocarcinoma that progressed under therapy with either AZD9291 or rociletinib (CO-1686).

Experimental Design: We analyzed tumor biopsies from seven patients obtained before, during, and/or after treatment with AZD9291 or rociletinib (CO-1686). Targeted sequencing and FISH analyses were performed, and the relevance of candidate genes was functionally assessed in in vitro models.

Evaluation of FGFR3 as a Therapeutic Target in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma.

Background: Although head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is the sixth most common tumour entity worldwide, it remains a clinical challenge. Large-scale explorative genomic projects have identified several genes as potential targets for therapy, including fibroblast growth factor receptor 3 (FGFR3).

Aims: The aim of this study was to investigate the biological significance of wild-type and mutated FGFR3 to evaluate its potential as a novel therapeutic target in HNSCC.

Targeting irradiation-induced mitogen-activated protein kinase activation in vitro and in an ex vivo model for human head and neck cancer.

Background: Despite new radiotherapeutic strategies, radioresistance in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) remains a major problem. Preclinical model systems are needed to identify resistance mechanisms in this heterogeneous entity.

Methods: We elucidated the interplay among mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK)-inhibition, radiation, and p53 mutations in vitro and in a novel ex vivo model derived from vital human HNSCC samples.

Web-TCGA: an online platform for integrated analysis of molecular cancer data sets.

Background: The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) is a pool of molecular data sets publicly accessible and freely available to cancer researchers anywhere around the world. However, wide spread use is limited since an advanced knowledge of statistics and statistical software is required.

Results: In order to improve accessibility we created Web-TCGA, a web based, freely accessible online tool, which can also be run in a private instance, for integrated analysis of molecular cancer data sets provided by TCGA.