Systematic proteome-wide Mendelian randomization to prioritize causal plasma proteins for skin cancers.

Skin cancer is one of the most common cancers worldwide. Some risk factors including sun exposure and MC1R variants are recognized; however, the identification of additional genetic factors is essential for the development of novel therapeutic strategies. Here, we conducted a proteome-wide Mendelian randomization (MR) using plasma protein quantitative trait loci (pQTLs) from a published study and the UK Biobank genome-wide association study (GWAS) of skin cancers.

Insights into thyroid and salivary gland cytopathology: highlights from a 45th ECC slide seminar.

Introduction: Thyroid and salivary gland cytopathology frequently present diagnostic challenges due to complex presentations, overlapping features between benign and malignant conditions, particularly with grey-zone entities and rare pathologies. To address these issues, the 45th European Congress of Cytology (ECC) held a slide seminar focused on challenging cases. This article reviews key findings from the six cases discussed, emphasizing the importance of a comprehensive diagnostic approach.

Differential somatic coding variant landscapes between laser microdissected luminal epithelial cells from canine mammary invasive ductal solid carcinoma and comedocarcinoma.

Background: Breast cancer (BC) is the most common cancer in women. Likewise, canine mammary tumors (CMT) represent the most common cancer in intact female dogs and develop in the majority spontaneously. Similarities exist in clinical presentation, histopathology, biomarkers, and treatment.

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Malignant tumors of the eye are uncommon, yet of great importance due to their effect on the patient's life and vision. The most common primary intraocular tumors are retinoblastoma in children and uveal melanoma in adults. The most common periocular tumor is basal cell carcinoma in eyelids.

Effect of Liquid Blood Concentrates on Cell Proliferation and Cell Cycle- and Apoptosis-Related Gene Expressions in Nonmelanoma Skin Cancer Cells: A Comparative In Vitro Study.

Nonmelanoma skin cancer (NMSC) presents a significant challenge to global healthcare due to its rising incidence, prompting the search for innovative treatments to overcome the limitations of current therapies. Our study aims to explore the potential effects of the liquid blood concentrate platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) on basal cell carcinoma cells (BCCs) and squamous cell carcinoma cells (SCCs) in order to obtain results that may lead to new possible adjunctive therapies for managing localized skin cancers, particularly NMSC. Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) cells and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) cells were indirectly treated with PRF generated via different relative centrifugation forces, namely high and low RCF PRF, for 7 days.

Characterization of Somatostatin Receptor 2 Gene Expression and Immune Landscape in Sinonasal Malignancies.

Olfactory neuroblastoma (ONB), sinonasal undifferentiated carcinoma (SNUC), and sinonasal neuroendocrine carcinoma (SNEC) are rare malignancies arising from the sinonasal tract with limited therapeutic options. The expression of the somatostatin receptor 2 gene (), which is expressed in other neuroendocrine neoplasms and is therapeutically actionable, has been reported in these tumors. Here, we analyzed gene expression and its associations with genomic features, established biomarkers predicting of immune response, and the tumor immune microenvironment in a cohort of ONB, SNUC, and SNEC tumor samples (26, 13, and 8 samples, respectively) from a real-world database.

Patients with Darier disease have an increased risk of keratinocyte carcinoma: a Swedish registry-based nationwide cohort study.

Background: Darier disease is a genodermatosis which manifests as hyperkeratotic papules and superficial erosions mainly in seborrheic skin areas. This retrospective registry-based cohort study aimed to estimate the association between Darier disease and skin cancer.

Results: Patients diagnosed with Darier disease were identified from the patient registry of Sahlgrenska University Hospital (Gothenburg, Sweden) in 2016-2020.

Detection of genome instability by 53BP1 expression as a long-lasting health effect in human epidermis surrounding radiation-induced skin cancers.

We previously reported endogenous activation of the DNA damage response (DDR) in the epidermis surrounding basal cell carcinoma resected from Nagasaki atomic bomb survivors, suggesting the presence of genomic instability (GIN) in the survivors as a late effect of radiation. Dual-color immunofluorescence (IF) analysis of TP53-binding protein-1 (53BP1) and a proliferative indicator, Ki-67, to elucidate GIN in tumor tissues revealed that abnormal 53BP1 expression is closely associated with carcinogenesis in several organs. The present study aimed to confirm the presence of radiation-induced GIN in the non-neoplastic epidermis of patients with radiation-induced skin cancer.

Induced B-Cell Receptor Diversity Predicts PD-1 Blockade Immunotherapy Response.

Immune checkpoint inhibitors such as anti-PD-1 antibodies (aPD1) can be effective in treating advanced cancers. However, many patients do not respond and the mechanisms underlying these differences remain incompletely understood. In this study, we profile a cohort of patients with locally-advanced or metastatic basal cell carcinoma undergoing aPD-1 therapy using single-cell RNA sequencing, high-definition spatial transcriptomics in tumors and draining lymph nodes, and spatial immunoreceptor profiling, with long-term clinical follow-up.

Analysis of tumoral, stromal and glycolitic markers in the response basal cell carcinoma and Bowen disease to photodynamic therapy in real life.

Background: Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a widely-used non-surgical treatment for non-melanoma skin cancers, including basal cell carcinoma (BCC), actinic keratoses (AK), and Bowen's disease (BD). PDT has high success rates, but various factors, can influence treatment response. This study investigates the clinical, histological, and molecular factors that affect the efficacy of methyl aminolevulinate PDT (MAL-PDT) for BCC and BD.

A super-giant basal cell carcinoma of the scalp.

Basal cell carcinoma is a malignant skin cancer, originating from basal cells. However, it is regarded more benign than other skin cancers, in the majority of the cases. If left untreated, it can lead to various complications, degradation of quality of life and even mortality to the patient.

Long non-coding RNA H19 as a prognostic biomarker for oral squamous cell carcinoma.

Background: H19, a 2.3 kb lncRNA, has been linked to tumor metastasis and progression, but its significance in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) remains unclear. H19 was initially thought to have a tumor-suppressive function, but recent studies have shown that it possesses both tumor-promoting and suppressive functions.

A comparison of two surgical techniques for basal cell carcinoma of the eyelid: two-step surgery and one-step surgery.

Objective: To compare the results of one-step surgery (OSS) and two-step surgery (TSS) in the surgical management of eyelid basal cell carcinomas (BCC).

Method: A total of 43 eyes of 43 patients were included. OSS was applied to 22 of these patients, while TSS was applied to 21 patients.

Optimal Time for Nevus Sebaceous Excision and Predictors of Surgical Outcomes and Secondary Intralesional Neoplasms: The Mayo Clinic Experience Over 37 Years.

Background: Controversy exists around the optimal timing of resection of nevus sebaceous (NS). The authors aim to determine optimal timing of NS resection and identify predictors of surgical outcomes and secondary intralesional neoplasms.

Methods: Retrospective chart review of all patients with biopsy-proven NS diagnosis treated at the authors' institution between 1987 and 2024.

Medication-Induced Lymphomatoid Granulomatosis Presenting as a Solitary Periocular Cutaneous Lesion.

Lymphomatoid granulomatosis, a rare lymphoproliferative disorder, was previously defined by categorical pulmonary involvement with possible invasion into the skin, central nervous system, liver, and kidneys. However, recent reports have documented confirmed cases of lymphomatoid granulomatosis without lung involvement. Here, the authors describe a 70-year-old male with rheumatoid arthritis on methotrexate who presented with an ulcerating lesion on the right lower eyelid, initially suspicious for a basal cell carcinoma.

Rippled Pattern Basal Cell Carcinoma - A Rare Variant with a Diagnostic Approach.

The rippled pattern of basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is a very uncommon variant and poses a diagnostic challenge. A 52-year-old male presented with an ulcerated lesion over the scalp for 8 years. The wedge biopsy of the lesion showed an infiltrating tumour in the upper dermis and mid-dermis with focal attachment with the epidermis.

Long-term outcome of photodynamic therapy with hexyl aminolevulinate, 5-aminolevulinic acid nanoemulsion and methyl aminolevulinate for low-risk Basal Cell Carcinomas.

Background: Non-surgical treatments are cost-effective options for low-risk basal cell carcinomas (BCCs) i.e. superficial or small nodular BCCs located outside the high-risk locations.

Folliculotropic and syringotropic mycosis fungoides mimicking basal cell carcinoma.

Mycosis fungoides (MF) is characterized by a clonal proliferation of skin-homing mature T cells with special predilection for involving the epidermis. Folliculotropic and syringotropic MF typically present with erythematous papules, patches, and plaques, with punctate accentuation that is folliculocentric in the former. We report a 67-year-old woman, with an extensive history of allergic contact dermatitis, who was referred to the Mohs surgery clinic with a large pink plaque extending from the nasal bridge to the right upper medial cheek concerning for basal cell carcinoma.

TRPS1 Immunohistochemistry in Salivary Gland Neoplasms: Analysis on Cytology Cell Blocks and Surgical Follow-Up Correlation.

Introduction: In this study we aim to analyze the TRPS1 immunostaining of salivary gland tumors (SGT) on cytology cell blocks and compare the staining pattern on subsequent surgical resections.

Methods: Malignant SGTs, oncocytomas and basal cell adenomas diagnosed on fine needle aspiration were retrieved from 2019 to 2021 database. Cases with surgical follow-up were selected.