International Committee on Systematics of Prokaryotes Subcommittee on the taxonomy of : minutes of the closed meeting, Zoom meeting, 24 September 2024.

Subcommittee on the taxonomy of : minutes of the closed meeting, Zoom meeting, 24 September 2024.

The influence of ethanol consumption on a course of endometriosis.

Objectives: Due to the increasingly faster pace of life and responsibilities, stress has become an integral part of daily life. Every year, numerous social campaigns in the media raise the issue of increasing alcohol consumption. Endometriosis is a chronic, causally incurable, estrogen-dependent and inflammatory gynecological disorder, described as presence of ectopic endometrial tissue outside the uterine cavity.

A Novel Rabbit Model of Meibomian Gland Dysfunction-Induced Dry Eye.

Purpose: The objective of this three-phase study was to develop a model of mild to moderate evaporative dry eye to be used to evaluate tear film stability endpoints during product development.

Methods: Rabbits were sedated prior to ophthalmic cautery of meibomian gland orifices. The orifices of eyelid meibomian glands were half-cauterized (to yield obstruction of every other meibomian gland orifices), fully cauterized (to yield obstruction of all meibomian gland orifices), or untreated.

Ocular Safety and Toxicology of Subretinal Gene Therapy With rAAV.hPDE6A in Nonhuman Primates.

Purpose: Reports of gene therapy-associated retinal atrophies and inflammation have highlighted the importance of preclinical safety assessments of adeno-associated virus (AAV) vector systems. We evaluated in nonhuman primates (NHPs) the ocular safety and toxicology of a novel AAV gene therapy targeting retinitis pigmentosa caused by mutations in PDE6A, which has since been used in a phase I/II clinical trial (NCT04611503).

Methods: A total of 34 healthy cynomolgus animals (Macaca fascicularis) were treated with subretinal injections of rAAV.

Senolytic procyanidin C1 alleviates renal fibrosis by promoting apoptosis of senescent renal tubular epithelial cells.

Renal fibrosis is a common pathological process in various chronic kidney diseases. The accumulation of senescent renal tubular epithelial cells (TECs) in renal tissues plays an important role in the development of renal fibrosis. Eliminating senescent TECs has been proven to effectively reduce renal fibrosis.

Hepatocyte-derived liver progenitor-like cells attenuate liver cirrhosis via induction of apoptosis in hepatic stellate cells.

Background: Cell therapy demonstrates promising potential as a substitute therapeutic approach for liver cirrhosis. We have developed a strategy to effectively expand murine and human hepatocyte-derived liver progenitor-like cells (HepLPCs) in vitro. The primary objective of the present study was to apply HepLPCs to the treatment of liver cirrhosis and to elucidate the underlying mechanisms responsible for their therapeutic efficacy.

Adipokines regulate the development and progression of MASLD through organellar oxidative stress.

The prevalence of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD), which is increasingly being recognized as a leading cause of chronic liver pathology globally, is increasing. The pathophysiological underpinnings of its progression, which is currently under active investigation, involve oxidative stress. Human adipose tissue, an integral endocrine organ, secretes an array of adipokines that are modulated by dietary patterns and lifestyle choices.

Hepatocyte Rho-associated kinase signaling is required for mice to survive experimental porphyria-associated liver injury.

Background: Rho-associated kinases 1 and 2 (ROCK1 and ROCK2) regulate critical cell functions, including actomyosin contractility, apoptosis, and proliferation. Some studies suggest that ROCK inhibition may serve as a treatment for liver fibrosis. More investigation is needed to understand the role of hepatocyte ROCK signaling in vivo, especially in the context of profibrotic liver injury.

Epstein-Barr virus-associated smooth muscle tumor with multiple lesions in a patient with AIDS.

Epstein-Barr virus-associated smooth muscle tumors (EBV-SMTs) represent a rare category of soft tissue tumors that are predominantly seen in individuals with compromised immune systems. Pathologically, EBV-SMT has malignant potential because of its unpredictable nature. These tumors can manifest at various anatomical sites or even multiple lesions in different locations.

Improving Diagnostic Efficiency for Knee Osteoarthritis with the Knee Intake Patient Survey (KIPS).

Objectives: Knee Osteoarthritis (OA) is one of the most frequently encountered conditions in orthopedic practice. This study aimed to validate the Knee Intake Patient Survey (KIPS), a short-form questionnaire designed to assist in the initial diagnosis and treatment stratification for knee OA.

Methods: Patient intake survey results from a single adult reconstruction clinic were retrospectively analyzed alongside clinical diagnoses and treatment recommendations.

Tetraspanins 10 and 15 support Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus replication in astrocytoma cells.

Tetraspanins (Tspans) are transmembrane proteins that coordinate life cycle steps of viruses from distinct families. Here, we identify the human Tspan10 and Tspan15, both members of the TspanC8 subfamily, as replication factors for alphavirus Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus (VEEV) in astrocytoma cells. Pharmacological inhibition and siRNA-mediated silencing of TspanC8 interactor a disintegrin and metalloproteinase 10 (ADAM10) reduced VEEV infection.

Spectrum and carcinogenic properties of thyroglobulin gene fusions in thyroid.

Approximately 10-20% of thyroid cancers are driven by gene fusions, which activate oncogenic signaling through aberrant overexpression, ligand-independent dimerization, or loss of inhibitory motifs. We identified 13 thyroid tumors with thyroglobulin (TG) gene fusions and aimed to assess their histopathology and the fusions' oncogenic and tumorigenic properties. Of 11 cases with surgical pathology, 82% were carcinomas and 18% noninvasive follicular thyroid neoplasms with papillary-like nuclear features (NIFTP).

Adrenal Venous Sampling in the Investigation of Hyperaldosteronism: A Retrospective Practice Review from a Large Academic Medical Center.

Background: Hyperaldosteronism involves complex, multidisciplinary management, including clinical testing, radiological exams, and adrenal venous sampling (AVS). This study assesses AVS outcomes at a large referral center, focusing on cannulation success, lateralization of aldosterone-producing adenomas, and correlation with radiological and surgical findings.

Methods: A retrospective review of 153 patients who underwent AVS from September 2016 to January 2024 was conducted.

Zebrafish optic nerve regeneration involves resident and retinal oligodendrocytes.

The visual system of teleost fish grows continuously, which is a useful model for studying regeneration of the central nervous system. Glial cells are key for this process, but their contribution is still not well defined. We followed oligodendrocytes in the visual system of adult zebrafish during regeneration of the optic nerve at 6, 24, and 72 hours post-lesion and at 7 and 14 days post-lesion via the sox10:tagRFP transgenic line and confocal microscopy.

Evidence that staphylococcal superantigens promote within-patient bacterial persistence following post-operative surgical site infection.

is a predominant cause of post-operative surgical site infections and persistent bacteremia. Here, we describe a patient who experienced three episodes of infection over a period of 4 months following a total knee arthroplasty. The initial bloodstream isolate (SAB-0429) was a clonal complex 5 (CC5) and methicillin-resistant (MRSA), whereas two subsequent isolates (SAB-0485 and SAB-0495) were CC5 isolates but methicillin-sensitive .

mSphere of Influence: High-throughput screens to rapidly assign function to microbial genes.

Lori Huberman works in the field of fungal genetics, with an emphasis on investigating the genetic mechanisms fungi use to sense and respond to the nutrients and toxins in their environment. In this mSphere of Influence article, she reflects on how "Rapid quantification of mutant fitness in diverse bacteria by sequencing randomly bar-coded transposons" by K. M.

Dietary fat quantity and composition influence hepatic lipid metabolism and metabolic disease risk in humans.

The excessive accumulation of intrahepatic triglyceride (IHTG) in the liver is a risk factor for metabolic diseases, including type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease. IHTG can excessively accumulate owing to imbalances in the delivery, synthesis, storage and disposal of fat to, in and from the liver. Although obesity is strongly associated with IHTG accumulation, emerging evidence suggests that the composition of dietary fat, in addition to its quantity, plays a role in mediating IHTG accumulation.

EZH2 inhibition enhances the activity of Carboplatin in aggressive-variant prostate cancer cell lines.

Background: Aggressive Variant Prostate Cancers (AVPCs) are incurable malignancies. Platinum-based chemotherapies are used for the palliative treatment of AVPC. The Polycomb Repressive Complex 2 (PRC2) promotes prostate cancer progression histone H3 Lysine 27 tri-methylation (H3K27me3).

Cells that survive acute SARS-CoV-2 infection contribute to inflammation and lung regeneration in mice.

Unlabelled: Post-acute sequelae of COVID-19 involves several organs, but its basis remains poorly understood. Some infected cells in mice survive the acute infection and persist for extended periods in the respiratory tract but not in other tissues. Here, we describe two experimental models of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection to assess the effect of viral virulence on previously infected cells.

LONG-TERM PROGNOSIS OF NON-CELIAC ENTEROPATHIES AND A SCORE TO IDENTIFY PATIENTS WITH POOR OUTCOMES: A 30-YEAR MULTICENTER LONGITUDINAL STUDY.

Introduction: Long-term prognosis of non-celiac enteropathies (NCEs) is poorly understood. We aimed to evaluate long-term outcomes and develop a prognostic score for NCEs.

Methods: NCEs patients from an international multicenter cohort (4 Italian centers,1 UK, 1 French,1 Norwegian,1 USA,1 Indian) followed-up over 30 years were enrolled.

Novel De Novo Intronic Variant of SYNGAP1 Associated With the Neurodevelopmental Disorders.

Background: SYNGAP1 encodes a Ras/Rap GTPase-activating protein that is predominantly expressed in the brain with the functional roles in regulating synaptic plasticity, spine morphogenesis, and cognition function. Pathogenic variants in SYNGAP1 have been associated with a spectrum of neurodevelopmental disorders characterized by developmental delays, intellectual disabilities, epilepsy, hypotonia, and the features of autism spectrum disorder. The aim of this study was to identify a novel SYNGAP1 gene variant linked to neurodevelopmental disorders and to evaluate the pathogenicity of the detected variant.

Fine-Needle Aspiration Biopsy of Adrenal Gland Lesions: The Roles of Image Guidance, Rapid On-Site Evaluation and Additional Tissue Sampling.

Objective: An accurate fine-needle aspiration (FNA) diagnosis of adrenal lesions may be challenging. This study was to investigate roles of imaging guidance, rapid on-site evaluation (ROSE) and additional tissue sampling in FNA diagnosis of adrenal lesions.

Methods: Adrenal FNA cases were retrieved from pathology archive.

Late-Onset Krabbe Disease: Case Report of Two Patients in a Chinese Family and Literature Review.

Background: Krabbe disease (KD; globoid cell leucodystrophy) is a rare autosomal recessive lipid storage disorder that affects the white matter of the peripheral and central nervous. Late-onset KD is less frequently diagnosed and often presents with milder symptoms, making accurate diagnosis challenging, especially when distinguishing it from peripheral neuropathy. In this report, we present two cases of late-onset KD in a Chinese family.