Preclinical Study of Ibuprofen Loaded Transnasal Mucoadhesive Microemulsion for Neuroprotective Effect in MPTP Mice Model.

Ibuprofen, a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID), showed very promising neuroprotection action, but it suffers from high first pass metabolism and limited ability to cross blood brain barrier. Severe gastric toxicity following oral administration further limits its utility. Hence, the aim of this study was to investigate whether ibuprofen loaded mucoadhesive microemulsion (MMEI) could enhance the brain uptake and could also protect the dopaminergic neurons from MPTP-mediated neural inflammation.

Antidiabetic and renoprotective effect of Anogeissus acuminata leaf extract on experimentally induced diabetic nephropathy.

Background Diabetic nephropathy is the leading cause of end-stage renal disease. Hyperglycemia, oxidative stress, and inflammation are some of the mechanisms involved in renal damage. Anogeissus acuminata (AA) is used in India as an antidiabetic agent and has potent antioxidant activity.

Breast cancer amelioration by Butea monosperma in-vitro and in-vivo.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Butea monosperma belonging to family Fabaceae is used in the Indian traditional medicine (Ayurveda) for various ailments including abdominal tumors and possess anti-estrogenic activity.

Aim Of The Study: The present study is aimed at investigating the chemo-preventive potential of Butea monosperma in breast cancer and elucidating it's mechanism of action by assessing its effect on key processes like apoptosis, angiogenesis and metastasis.

Methods: Cytotoxic potential of methanol extract of Butea monosperma flower (MEBM) was tested in MCF-7 (estrogen receptor positive), MDA-MB-231 (triple negative) and MDA-MB-453 (HER2 positive) human breast cancer cells by MTT assay.

Methotrexate Aspasomes Against Rheumatoid Arthritis: Optimized Hydrogel Loaded Liposomal Formulation with In Vivo Evaluation in Wistar Rats.

Aspasomes of methotrexate with antioxidant, ascorbyl palmitate, were developed and optimized using factorial design by varying parameters such as lipid molar ratio, drug to lipid molar ratio, and type of hydration buffer for transdermal delivery for disease modifying activity in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Aspasomes were characterized by drug-excipients interaction, particle size analysis, determination of zeta potential, entrapment efficiency, and surface properties. The best formulation was loaded into hydrogel for evaluation of in vitro drug release and tested in vivo against adjuvant induced arthritis model in wistar rats, by assessing various physiological, biochemical, hematological, and histopathological parameters.

Development and Optimization of Dispersible Tablet of with Improved Functionality for Memory Enhancement.

Introduction: The is traditional Ayurvedic medicine, and reported for memory-enhancing effects. The Bacoside is poorly soluble, bitter in taste and responsible for the memory enhancement action. Memory enhancer is commonly prescribed for children or elder people.

Characterization of natural polymers from jackfruit pulp, calendula flowers and tara seeds as mucoadhesive and controlled release components in buccal tablets.

Identification and physiochemical parameters such as solubility, loss on drying, viscosity, pH, swelling index, starch and gum constituents were determined in natural polymers and showed satisfactory results. Spectral studies established the compatibility of natural polymers. The drug release kinetics in preliminary trial batches showed that tablets containing natural mucilages and gum showed a prolonged drug release comparable to Carbopol 974P and Methocel K4M.

Anti-arthritic activity of a classical Ayurvedic formulation in rats.

In India, has been traditionally used in the Ayurvedic system of medicine to treat rheumatoid arthritis (RA). The current study was undertaken to evaluate anti-arthritic activity of alcoholic extract of in rats. Arthritis was induced by administration of formaldehyde (2%v/v) or Complete Freund's Adjuvant (CFA) into the sub-plantar surface of left hind paw of the animals.

Preparation and evaluation of nanoparticles loaded ophthalmic in situ gel.

Context: Conventional ophthalmic solutions often eliminate rapidly after administration and cannot provide and maintain an adequate concentration of drug in the pre-corneal area.

Objectives: Above problem can be overcome by the use of in situ gel forming systems that are instilled as drops in to the eye and undergo a sol-gel transition in the cul-de-sac.

Methods: An ion sensitive polymer gellan gum was used as gelling agent which formed immediate gel and remained for extended time period.

Development of pH sensitive polymeric nanoparticles of erythromycin stearate.

Context: Bioavailability of conventional tablet of erythromycin stearate is low as it is unstable at acidic pH and also shows a low dissolution rate.

Objective: It was proposed to protect it from the acidic condition of the stomach along with an increase in dissolution rate by formulating pH sensitive nanoparticles.

Materials And Methods: The nanoparticles were prepared by the solvent evaporation technique using different quantities of Eudragit L100-55 and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA).

Effect of ethanol extract of an ayurvedic preparation (Pathyadya Churna) on arthritis in rats.

Objectives: To study the anti-arthritic activity of Pathyadya Churna ethanol extract (PCE) in rats.

Materials And Methods: Formaldehyde (2% v/v) or complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA 0.l mL) was injected in the left hind paw of male Wistar rats to develop arthritis.

Design and evaluation of mucoadhesive microemulsion for neuroprotective effect of ibuprofen following intranasal route in the MPTP mice model.

Background: The present study is to investigate the neuroprotective effect of ibuprofen by intranasal administration of mucoadhesive microemulsion (MMEI) against inflammation-mediated by dopaminergic neurodegeneration in 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) model of Parkinson's disease (PD).

Methods: Ibuprofen-loaded polycarbophil-based MMEI was developed by using response surface methodology (RSM). Ibuprofen with dose of 2.

Liquisolid Tablets for Dissolution Enhancement of a Hypolipidemic Drug.

This investigation was aimed to improve the dissolution rate of the poorly soluble drug lovastatin, by formulating it as a liquisolid compact. Different liquisolid compacts were prepared using mathematical formulae to calculate the required quantities of powder and liquid ingredients to produce acceptably flowable and compressible admixture. Avicel PH 200, Cab-O-Sil, sodium starch glycolate and PEG 400 were employed as carrier, coating material, disintegrant and non-volatile liquid vehicle, respectively.

Calcium Alginate-Neusilin US2 Nanocomposite Microbeads for Oral Sustained Drug Delivery of Poor Water Soluble Drug Aceclofenac Sodium.

The aim of the present study was to formulate and investigate the calcium alginate- (CA-) Neusilin US2 nanocomposite microbeads containing preconcentrate of aceclofenac sodium (ACF-Na) liquid microemulsion (L-ME) for enhancement of oral bioavailability. The preconcentrate L-ME is prepared by using Labrafac PG, Labrasol, and Span 80 as oil, surfactant, and cosurfactant, respectively. The solid CA nanocomposite microbeads of L-ME prepared by microemulsification internal gelation technique using sodium alginate (SA) gelling agent, Neusilin US2 as adsorbent, and calcium chloride as crosslinking agent.

Evaluation of Calendula mucilage as a mucoadhesive and controlled release component in buccal tablets.

Mucoadhesive drug delivery systems were developed to sustain drug delivery via various mucus membranes for either local or systemic delivery of poorly absorbed drugs such as peptides and proteins as well as drugs that are subjected to high first-pass metabolism. The present study was undertaken to use isolated Calendula mucilage as a mucoadhesive agent and to formulate controlled release buccoadhesive tablets with an intention to avoid hepatic first-pass metabolism as well as to enhance residence time of drug in the buccal cavity. The mucilage was isolated from the Calendula petals by aqueous extraction method and characterized for various physiochemical parameters as well as for its adhesive properties.

Development and Validation of Stability-indicating HPLC Method for Simultaneous Estimation of Cefixime and Linezolid.

A stability-indicating reverse phase high performance liquid chromatography method was developed and validated for cefixime and linezolid. The wavelength selected for quantitation was 276 nm. The method has been validated for linearity, accuracy, precision, robustness, limit of detection and limit of quantitation.

Development and Validation of a Stability-Indicating RP-UPLC Method for Determination of Cloxacillin Sodium in Its Bulk Form and Formulation.

A simple, linear gradient, rapid, precise and stability-indicating RP-UPLC method was developed for the determination of Cloxacillin Sodium in its bulk form and formulation. Ultra performance liquid chromatography, a most promising advancement in a world of chromatography, reduces analysis time, increases reliability through higher resolution, sensitivity and selectivity as well as used as an economic method due to reducing solvent consumption. A chromatographic separation of a drug as well as its degradants was achieved using Waters acquity BEH, 2.

Formulation and evaluation of floating tablet of H2-receptor antagonist.

Context: Conventional sustained dosage form of ranitidine hydrochloride (HCl) does not prevent frequent administration due to its degradation in colonic media and limited absorption in the upper part of GIT.

Objectives: Ranitidine HCl floating tablet was formulated with sublimation method to overcome the stated problem.

Methods: Compatibility study for screening potential excipients was carried out using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and differential scanning chromatography (DSC).

Formulation strategies to improve the bioavailability of poorly absorbed drugs with special emphasis on self-emulsifying systems.

Poorly water-soluble drug candidates are becoming more prevalent. It has been estimated that approximately 60-70% of the drug molecules are insufficiently soluble in aqueous media and/or have very low permeability to allow for their adequate and reproducible absorption from the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) following oral administration. Formulation scientists have to adopt various strategies to enhance their absorption.

Development and Validation of RP-HPLC Method for the Simultaneous Estimation of Montelukast Sodium and Ebastine in Tablet Dosage Form.

A rapid and sensitive RP-HPLC method with UV detection (244 nm) for routine analysis of montelukast sodium and ebastine in a pharmaceutical formulation (Ebast-M) was developed. Chromatography was performed with mobile phase containing a mixture of methanol:acetonitrile:ammonium acetate (80:10:10, % v/v/v), pH of mobile phase was adjusted 5.5 using glacial acetic acid and flow rate was 1.

Reversal of experimentally induced seizure activity in mice by glibenclamide.

Background: ATP sensitive potassium channels are widely distributed in central nervous system (CNS) and these channels could be the target in CNS disorders by their modulators.

Purpose: The present study was designed to investigate the anticonvulsant potential of glibenclamide on MES induced seizure and pentylenetetrazole induced seizure in mice.

Methods: Seizures were induced in 7 months albino mice with a single 12 mA intensity of 50 Hz stimulus for 0.

Formulation and kinetic modeling of curcumin loaded intranasal mucoadhesive microemulsion.

It is a challenge to develop the optimum dosage form of poorly water-soluble drugs and to target them due to limited bioavailability, intra and inter subject variability. In this investigation, mucoadhesive microemulsion of curcumin was developed by water titration method taking biocompatible components for intranasal delivery and was characterized. Nasal ciliotoxicity studies were carried out using excised sheep nasal mucosa.

Losartan potassium loaded sustained release matrix tablets: Influence of various hydrophilic and hydrophobic polymers on drug release behaviour.

Losartan potassium is an angiotensin II receptor antagonist readily absorbed from the GIT, following oral administration. It has low bioavailability as it undergoes extensive first pass metabolism and low elimination half-life. The present study was aimed at studying sustained release behaviour of the drug using hydrophilic and hydrophobic polymers and to optimise using a 3(2) full factorial design.

Development and validation of a RP-HPLC method for the simultaneous determination of Embelin, Rottlerin and Ellagic acid in Vidangadi churna.

Vidangadi churna is a popular Ayurvedic formulation described in the chapter of the Ayurvedic literature for the treatment of . The preparation is a composite mixture of the fine powder of fruits of Vidang (), glandular trichomes of the fruits of Kamala (), mature fruits of Harde (), Saindhava and Yavakshara. The use of reversed phase C18 column eluted with gradient mobile phase of acetonitrile and water enabled the efficient separation of the chemical markers in 22 min.

Chronopharmaceutics based modern colon specific drug delivery systems.

Colon-targeted delivery of bioactives has recently gained importance in addressing specific needs in the therapy of colon based diseases. Many approaches have been attempted for the development of colon-specific delivery systems, with not much success in the past. With the advancement in the field of chronobiology, modern drug delivery approaches have elevated to a new concept of chronopharmacology i.