27,383 results match your criteria: "Partial Epilepsies"

Objective: To study microstructural abnormalities in epileptogenic focus and in mirror region by diffusion kurtosis (DK) MRI in patients with focal temporal lobe epilepsy.

Material And Methods: The main group included 12 patients (mean age 35 [30.5; 39.

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We report a case of a 19-year-old woman with drug-resistant focal epilepsy whose typical seizure semiology involved sensations of déjà-vu. She underwent intracranial stimulation, leading to déjà-vu upon stimulation of the posterior cingulate cortex (PCC). Most reports of induced déjà-vu and epilepsy-associated déjà-vu emphasize networks including temporal lobe, especially the rhinal cortices, as the generator of this phenomenon.

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Combining three-phase EEG pattern and ipsilateral isolated eye deviation to predict seizure focus in the frontal interhemispheric fissure.

Epilepsy Behav

January 2025

Department of Neurosurgery, Comprehensive Epilepsy Center, University of Tsukuba Hospital, 2-1-1 Amakubo, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8576, Japan. Electronic address:

Objective: Identification of seizure focus on the interhemispheric fissure (IHF) is often challenging at the step of scalp video-EEG monitoring on preoperative evaluations. We previously reported ictal three-phase EEG patterns (3Ph-EEG) and isolated eye deviation (isolated ED) to side of the seizure focus during seizures, each of which is available for identifying the seizure focus for frontal IHF (F-IHF). This study aimed to evaluate the accuracy of predicting the F-IHF focus using a combination of 3Ph-EEG and isolated ED in patients with frontal lobe epilepsy and the accuracy of predicting lateralization of the F-IHF focus using the predominance of findings.

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Chemogenetic silencing of the subiculum blocks acute chronic temporal lobe epilepsy.

Mol Brain

November 2024

Shenzhen-Hong Kong Institute of Brain Science, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, 518055, China.

Temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) is the most common form of medically-intractable epilepsy. Subicular hyperexcitability is frequently observed with TLE, presumably caused by impaired inhibition of local excitatory neurons. Here, we evaluated the effectiveness of silencing subicular pyramidal neurons to treat a rodent model of TLE.

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Background: This research aimed to delve into the cortical morphological transformations in patients with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-negative temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE-N), seeking to uncover the neuroimaging mechanisms behind these changes.

Methods: A total of 29 individuals diagnosed with TLE-N and 30 healthy control participants matched by age and sex were selected for the study. Using the surface-based morphometry (SBM) technique, the study analyzed the three-dimensional-T1-weighted MRI scans of the participants' brains.

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Central expression and peripheral levels of MMP-9 and TIMP-1 in patients with temporal lobe epilepsy.

Epilepsy Behav

January 2025

Unidad de Neuro Inflamación, Departamento de Medicina Genómica y Toxicología ambiental, Instituto de Investigación Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México/ Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía Manuel Velasco Suárez (INNN-MVS), México; Departamento de Medicina Genómica y Toxicología Ambiental, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, México. Electronic address:

Purpose: Thirty percent of epilepsy patients are drug-resistant (DR) and, in adults, temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) is the most common form of DR- epilepsy. Patients with TLE exhibit a neuroinflammatory response associated with blood-brain barrier dysfunction. In this context, the main aim of our study was to evaluate peripheral levels and central expression of MMP-9 and TIMP-1 in TLE patients and assess their association with drug resistance and inflammatory markers.

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Article Synopsis
  • Executive function (EF) deficits are prevalent in epilepsy and affect patients' quality of life, prompting a study on the differences between patients with idiopathic generalized epilepsy (IGE) and temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) compared to healthy controls.
  • The study involved 56 IGE patients, 56 TLE patients, and 60 matched healthy controls who completed cognitive tests focusing on attention, memory, learning, and verbal fluency.
  • Results show that both epilepsy groups performed worse than controls, with TLE patients exhibiting significantly greater deficits in verbal learning and memory, likely due to issues in their temporal lobe and related EF networks.
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Purpose: Mesial temporal lobe epilepsy is a common form of focal drug resistant epilepsy in adults. Various mesial temporal lobe structures are integral in the genesis of temporal seizures and the hippocampal sclerosis is the primary neuropathological finding in these cases. Surgical treatment is considered the preferred management.

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Article Synopsis
  • - The study investigates the differences in brain structure and gene expression between temporal lobe epilepsy patients who experience focal to bilateral tonic-clonic seizures (FBTCS+) and those who do not (FBTCS-), highlighting potential genetic and cellular factors underlying these severe seizures.
  • - A total of 126 unilateral TLE patients were analyzed, focusing on how gray matter volume differs between patients and healthy controls, alongside examining the relation between these structural changes and transcriptomic data from the Allen Human Brain Atlas.
  • - Key findings revealed that FBTCS+ patients had more extensive brain alterations compared to FBTCS- patients, with gene enrichment in excitatory neurons for the former group, while the latter showed unique associations with inhibitory neuron pathways and other
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The reorganization of the dentate gyrus of the hippocampus and changes in mitochondrial fission were evaluated using the kainate model of temporal lobe epilepsy. In 28 days after administration of 0.5 μg kainic acid, disturbances in the distribution of neuronal precursors in the subgranular zone of the hippocampus, thickening of the granular layer, and an increase in the content of synaptophysin in the molecular layer were detected.

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Identifying the genetic association between severe autoimmune type 2 diabetes and the risk of focal epilepsy.

Front Endocrinol (Lausanne)

November 2024

Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.

Article Synopsis
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Executive functions disorders in children with frontal and temporal epilepsy.

Epilepsy Behav

December 2024

Univ Angers, Nantes Université, LPPL, SFR CONFLUENCES, Angers, France; Centre Référent des Troubles d'Apprentissage, Hôpital Femme-Enfant-Adolescent, CHU de Nantes, F-44000 Nantes, France.

Introduction: Children with focal epilepsy often present with executive functions (EFs) deficits. EFs deficits can contribute to adaptive challenges and have a negative impact on academic achievement. The purpose of this study was to investigate the EFs profiles of children diagnosed with frontal lobe epilepsy or temporal lobe epilepsy.

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Assessing spatial memory using the Brown Location Test: Lateralizing seizures in a presurgical cohort of patients with temporal lobe epilepsy.

Epilepsy Behav

December 2024

School of Psychological Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia; Comprehensive Epilepsy Service, Westmead Hospital, Sydney, Australia. Electronic address:

Article Synopsis
  • The study investigates the role of the nondominant temporal lobe in memory by comparing a spatial memory task (Brown Location Test, BLT) with verbal and visual memory tasks in patients with temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE).
  • Results showed that patients with right TLE specifically struggled with the BLT, while those with left TLE had difficulties with both verbal and nonverbal tasks.
  • Combining BLT Delayed Recall and Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Task (RAVLT) scores was found to be the best way to predict the lateralization of the epileptogenic zone, showing the importance of using diverse memory assessments for evaluating epilepsy surgery candidates.
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Objective: Diagnosing autoimmune limbic encephalitis (ALE) in adults with new-onset seizures can be challenging, especially when seizures represent the predominant manifestation and MRI findings are not straightforward. By comparison with mesial temporal lobe epilepsy with hippocampal sclerosis (MTLE-HS), this study aimed to identify ictal electro-clinical features that might help clinicians recognize ALE-related seizures.

Methods: This retrospective, multi-centre study analysed the ictal semiology and EEG correlate of 116 video-EEG-captured seizures in 40 ALE patients and 45 ones recorded in 21 MTLE-HS subjects.

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Parvalbumin-positive (PV+) GABAergic interneurons in the dentate gyrus provide powerful perisomatic inhibition of dentate granule cells (DGCs) to prevent overexcitation and maintain the stability of dentate gyrus circuits. Most dentate PV+ interneurons survive status epilepticus, but surviving PV+ interneuron mediated inhibition is compromised in the dentate gyrus shortly after status epilepticus, contributing to epileptogenesis in temporal lobe epilepsy. It is uncertain whether the impaired activity of dentate PV+ interneurons recovers at later times or if it continues for months following status epilepticus.

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Epilepsy-surgery for fronto-basal lesions: Management, outcome, and review of literature.

Seizure

December 2024

University Hospital of Bonn, Bonn, Germany; Clinic for Neurosurgery, Brandenburg Medical School, Neuruppin, Germany. Electronic address:

Background: In this study, we isolated a cohort of patients who have refractory epilepsy who underwent surgery with frontobasal focus. This work aimed to develop prognostic factors associated with a better seizure outcome and identify risk factors determining postoperative morbidity.

Methods: We identified all patients with frontobasal epilepsy who underwent surgery due to refractory epilepsy at the University Hospital Bonn over 22 years.

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Objectives: Previous research has linked epilepsy of the temporal lobe (TLE) with comorbidities of psychiatric nature, yet few studies have investigated personality psychopathology in patients with TLE. This is the first study on the topic in the Arab world and the first study using the Personality Inventory for DSM-5-Brief From (PID-5-BF). Thus, this study, which is cross-sectional by nature, aims to explore the potential relationship between TLE and personality psychopathology.

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Effect of vagal nerve stimulation on patients with bilateral temporal lobe epilepsy.

Epilepsy Behav

December 2024

Epilepsy Program, Department of Clinical Neurological Sciences, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada; Department of Medical Biophysics, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada; Department of Paediatrics, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada. Electronic address:

Article Synopsis
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Article Synopsis
  • * A case study is presented involving a 68-year-old woman with hippocampal sclerosis who experienced IA and mesial temporal lobe epilepsy.
  • * There's limited evidence linking IB/IA to sudden unexpected death in epilepsy, and pacemaker treatment is not commonly used; the focus of care is primarily on reducing seizures and preventing falls.
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Acute effects of Mozart K.448 on interictal epileptiform discharges in adult patients with drug-resistant focal epilepsy: A crossover randomized controlled trial.

Seizure

December 2024

Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand; Chulalongkorn Comprehensive Epilepsy Center of Excellence (CCEC), King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, The Thai Red Cross Society, Bangkok, Thailand. Electronic address:

Article Synopsis
  • This study investigated if listening to Mozart K.448 could reduce interictal epileptiform discharges (IEDs) in adults with drug-resistant focal epilepsy.
  • It used a crossover randomized controlled trial design with 26 participants, who were divided into two groups: one listening to Mozart and the other in silence.
  • Results showed that 61.5% of patients listening to Mozart had significant IED reduction, and the Mozart group had fewer IEDs compared to the control group, suggesting that the music may help manage epilepsy symptoms, especially in patients with temporal lobe epilepsy.
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A universal method for seizure onset zone localization in focal epilepsy using standard deviation of spike amplitude.

Epilepsy Res

December 2024

Brainnetome Center, Institute of Automation, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China; Xiaoxiang Institute for Brain Health, the Central Hospital of Yongzhou, Yongzhou 425000, China.

Background: Precisely localizing the seizure onset zone (SOZ) is critical for focal epilepsy surgery. Existing methods mainly focus on high-frequency activities in stereo-electroencephalography, but often fail when seizures are not driven by high-frequency activities. Recognized as biomarkers of epileptic seizures, ictal spikes in SOZ induce epileptiform discharges in other brain regions.

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Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) offers an alternative to the traditional Wada test for presurgical language and memory lateralization that carries almost no risk. However, fMRI lateralization of episodic memory remains challenging because the hippocampus, which is fundamental to episodic memory, is smaller, more prone to susceptibility artifact, and harder to functionally modulate than language regions. We previously showed that a complex scene memory task can lateralize memory function in the mesial temporal lobe.

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Compartment-specific small non-coding RNA changes and nucleolar defects in human mesial temporal lobe epilepsy.

Acta Neuropathol

November 2024

Department of Translational Neuroscience, University Medical Center Utrecht Brain Center, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, 3584 CG, Utrecht, The Netherlands.

Mesial temporal lobe epilepsy (mTLE) is a debilitating disease characterized by recurrent seizures originating from temporal lobe structures such as the hippocampus. The pathogenic mechanisms underlying mTLE are incompletely understood but include changes in the expression of non-coding RNAs in affected brain regions. Previous work indicates that some of these changes may be selective to specific sub-cellular compartments, but the full extent of these changes and how these sub-cellular compartments themselves are affected remains largely unknown.

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Subcortical Alterations in Newly Diagnosed Epilepsy and Associated Changes in Brain Connectivity and Cognition.

Hum Brain Mapp

November 2024

Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK.

Article Synopsis
  • * This study involved a comparison between individuals with newly diagnosed focal epilepsy (NDfE) and healthy controls, using MRI and neuropsychological data to evaluate subcortical shape alterations and their impact on brain connectivity and cognitive function.
  • * Findings indicated significant inward deformation (localized atrophy) in the thalamus and pallidum of NDfE patients, and a correlation between reduced white matter integrity (measured by fractional anisotropy) and this shape deformation, suggesting links to neuropsychological outcomes.
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