The sense of safety theoretical framework: a trauma-informed and healing-oriented approach for whole person care.

Objectives: This research describes four aspects of the development of the Sense of Safety Theoretical Framework for whole person care: exploring the meaning of the phrase "sense of safety"-the whole person ; the range of human experience that impacts sense of safety-whole person ; the dynamics that build sense of safety-the healing ; and the personal and cross-disciplinary trauma-informed practitioner that facilitate sense of safety.

Methods: This qualitative participatory study was conducted in two phases. Researchers iteratively explored the concept of sense of safety using focus groups and semi-structured interviews.

Impact of Positive Childhood Experiences (PCEs): A Systematic Review of Longitudinal Studies.

Positive Childhood Experiences (PCEs) may mitigate the negative outcomes resulting from Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs). To date, most PCE research has used cross-sectional or retrospective designs. PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane, PsychINFO, CINAHL, and Scopus were searched in May 2024 for longitudinal studies that examined the impact of cumulative PCEs.

Mental Health Disorder Trends in Denmark According to Age, Calendar Period, and Birth Cohort.

Importance: Research suggests an increase in mental disorder incidence in recent years, but this trend remains unexplained, and there is a lack of large studies based on a representative sample that investigate mental disorders over the full spectrum.

Objective: To explore sex- and age-specific incidence of any mental disorder and 19 specific disorders according to birth cohort and calendar period.

Design, Setting, And Participants: This was a population-based cohort study among 5 936 202 individuals aged 1 to 80 years living in Denmark at some point between January 1, 2004, and December 31, 2021.

Associations between physical diseases and subsequent mental disorders: a longitudinal study in a population-based cohort.

People with physical diseases are reported to be at elevated risk of subsequent mental disorders. However, previous studies have considered only a few pairs of conditions, or have reported only relative risks. This study aimed to systematically explore the associations between physical diseases and subsequent mental disorders.

A Systematic Review and Narrative Synthesis of Cognitive Training in the Treatment of Mental Illness and Substance Use Disorder.

The one unifying and distinguishing feature of all neuropsychiatric illnesses is the co-occurrence of cognitive dysfunction. Cognitive training (CT) was developed to enhance neural connectivity and cognition and improve day-to-day functioning. However, the benefits of CT are still debated.

The dynamic strategy shifting task: Optimisation of an operant task for assessing cognitive flexibility in rats.

Introduction: Although schizophrenia is associated with a broad range of symptoms including hallucinations, delusions, and reduced motivation, measures of cognitive dysfunction, including cognitive flexibility and executive function, are the strongest predictors of functional outcomes. Antipsychotic medications are useful for reducing psychotic symptoms, but they are ineffective at improving cognitive deficits. Despite extensive investment by industry, the transition from preclinical to clinical trials has not been successful for developing precognitive medications for individuals with schizophrenia.

Polycomb repressive complex 2 is critical for mouse cortical glutamatergic neuron development.

The Polycomb Repressive Complex 2 (PRC2) regulates corticogenesis, yet the consequences of mutations to this epigenetic modifier in the mature brain are poorly defined. Importantly, PRC2 core genes are haploinsufficient and causative of several human neurodevelopmental disorders. To address the role of PRC2 in mature cortical structure and function, we conditionally deleted the PRC2 gene Eed from the developing mouse dorsal telencephalon.

Phenomewide Association Study of Health Outcomes Associated With the Genetic Correlates of 25 Hydroxyvitamin D Concentration and Vitamin D Binding Protein Concentration.

While it is known that vitamin D deficiency is associated with adverse bone outcomes, it remains unclear whether low vitamin D status may increase the risk of a wider range of health outcomes. We had the opportunity to explore the association between common genetic variants associated with both 25 hydroxyvitamin D (25OHD) and the vitamin D binding protein (DBP, encoded by the gene) with a comprehensive range of health disorders and laboratory tests in a large academic medical center. We used summary statistics for 25OHD and DBP to generate polygenic scores (PGS) for 66,482 participants with primarily European ancestry and 13,285 participants with primarily African ancestry from the Vanderbilt University Medical Center Biobank (BioVU).

The Prevalence and Patterns of Maltreatment, Childhood Adversity, and Mental Health Disorders in an Australian Out-Of-Home Care Sample.

This study aimed to explore key characteristics of the out-of-home care subgroup of a nationally representative Australian sample. To ensure that mental health services are appropriately targeted, it is critical that we understand the differential impacts of childhood experiences for this cohort. Using the Australian Child Maltreatment Study ( = 8503), we explored patterns of childhood maltreatment and adversity of participants who reported ever being placed in out-of-home care, such as foster care or kinship care.

A comprehensive analysis of age of onset and cumulative incidence of mental disorders: A Danish register study.

Background: The age of onset (AOO), incidence and cumulative incidence of mental disorders are critical epidemiological measures, providing essential insights into the development and course of these disorders across the lifespan. This study aims to provide up-to-date estimates of the AOO, age-specific incidence, and cumulative incidence for a comprehensive range of mental disorders using data from Danish registers.

Methods: We conducted a follow-up study encompassing all Danish residents from January 1, 2004, to December 31, 2021, totaling 91,613,465 person-years.

Correlates of mental disorder and harmful substance use in an indigenous Australian urban sample: an analysis of data from the Queensland Urban Indigenous Mental Health Survey.

Purpose: Limited data exists on the relationship between sociodemographic and cultural variables and the prevalence of specific mental and substance use disorders (MSDs) among Indigenous Australians, using diagnostic prevalence data. This paper utilises data from the Queensland Urban Indigenous Mental Health Survey (QUIMHS), a population-level diagnostic mental health survey, to identify socioeconomic and cultural correlates of psychological distress and specific MSDs in an urban Indigenous Australian sample.

Methods: Using a mixture of household sampling (door-knocking) and snowball sampling (promotion of the survey in the community), 406 participants aged 18 to 89 were recruited across key locations in Southeast Queensland.

A systematic review of second-hand smoking mass media campaigns (2002-2022).

Background: Second-hand smoking (SHS) increases the risk of chronic disease in adults and poses a serious health threat to children. Mass media campaigns are instrumental in raising awareness and reducing SHS exposure. There is a need to identify recent SHS mass media campaigns and assess their sustainability in terms of knowledge, attitudes, and behavioural changes.

Factors associated with satisfaction and perceived helpfulness of mental healthcare: a World Mental Health Surveys report.

Background: Mental health service providers are increasingly interested in patient perspectives. We examined rates and predictors of patient-reported satisfaction and perceived helpfulness in a cross-national general population survey of adults with 12-month DSM-IV disorders who saw a provider for help with their mental health.

Methods: Data were obtained from epidemiological surveys in the World Mental Health Survey Initiative.

Genetic interactions of schizophrenia using gene-based statistical epistasis exclusively identify nervous system-related pathways and key hub genes.

The relationship between genotype and phenotype is governed by numerous genetic interactions (GIs), and the mapping of GI networks is of interest for two main reasons: 1) By modelling biological robustness, GIs provide a powerful opportunity to infer compensatory biological mechanisms via the identification of functional relationships between genes, which is of interest for biological discovery and translational research. Biological systems have evolved to compensate for genetic (i.e.

The Kessler Psychological Distress Scale in Australian adolescents: Analysis of the second Australian Child and Adolescent Survey of Mental Health and Wellbeing.

Introduction: The 10-item Kessler Psychological Distress Scale (K10) is used to screen adolescents for mental disorders in Australian clinical practice; however, there are no Australian adolescent normative data.

Methods: Data were drawn from a nationally representative sample ( = 2964) of Australian adolescents (11-17 years). This study had three aims: (1) to examine concurrent validity between the K10 and Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) emotional symptoms subscale, (2) to establish normative Australian adolescent K10 data and (3) to determine optimal K10 cut-off scores for screening for major depressive disorder (MDD) via receiver operator characteristic curve analysis and stratum-specific likelihood ratios.

Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency and psychotic disorders: A systematic review.

Objectives: Glucose-6-Phosphate Dehydrogenase Deficiency (G6PD) is the most common enzymopathy globally. Early studies suggested an association with severe psychotic illness; however, changes to laboratory testing and diagnostic classification renders the association unclear. This study aims to explore the interaction between G6PD deficiency and psychotic symptoms, in particular to identify specific patterns of presentation or impact on outcomes.

Cat Ownership and Schizophrenia-Related Disorders and Psychotic-Like Experiences: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Background: It has been proposed that cat ownership may be a risk-modifying factor for schizophrenia-related disorders and psychotic-like experiences (PLE). This study aimed to systematically review and meta-analyze publications that reported the relationship between cat ownership and schizophrenia-related outcomes.

Methodology: We searched Medline, Embase, CINAHL, Web of Science, and gray literature for publications between January 1, 1980, and May 30, 2023, regardless of geographical location and language.