Editorial on the Research Topic 'Cell Differentiation, Oxidative Stress, and Oxygen Radicals-In Honor of Prof. Michael Breitenbach'.

This Special Issue of is dedicated to the life and work of our mentor and outstanding scientist, Michael Breitenbach, and marks his 80th birthday, which he celebrated in 2023 [...

Testing the sequence of successional processes in miniature ecosystems.

Unlabelled: Dispersal, environmental filtering, and biotic interactions define the species inventory of local communities. Along successional gradients, these assembly processes are predicted to sequentially vary in their relative importance with dispersal as the dominating process early in succession, followed by environmental filtering and biotic interactions at later stages. While observational data from field studies supported this prediction, controlled experiments confirming a sequence of successional processes are still lacking.

Is it premature to formulate recommendations for policy and practice, based on culture and health research? A robust critique of the CultureForHealth (2022) report.

Introduction: Arts and health practice and research has expanded rapidly since the turn of the millennium. A World Health Organization scoping review of a large body of evidence claims positive health benefits from arts participation and makes recommendations for policy and implementation of arts for health initiatives. A more recent scoping review (CultureForHealth) also claims that current evidence is sufficient to form recommendations for policy and practice.

To stay or not to stay intact as an allergen: the endolysosomal degradation assay used as tool to analyze protein immunogenicity and cell epitopes.

Antigen uptake and processing of exogenous proteins is critical for adaptive immunity, particularly for T helper cell activation. Proteins undergo distinct proteolytic processing in endolysosomal compartments of antigen-presenting cells. The resulting peptides are presented on MHC class II molecules and specifically recognized by cells.

Psychobiological responses to choir singing and creative arts activities in children and adolescents with mental disorders: results of a pilot study.

Background: Children and adolescents living with mental health problems often experience stress and poor mood states, which may influence their quality of life and well-being. Arts interventions may improve mood and well-being and reduce physiological stress in this vulnerable population.

Methods: A cohort of patients in child and adolescent psychiatry (N = 42; age range: 12-18 years) participated in one of four arts activities including choir singing (n = 11), textile design (n = 9), drama (n = 16), and clownery (n = 6).

A training goal-oriented categorization model of high-intensity interval training.

There are various categorization models of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) in the literature that need to be more consistent in definition, terminology, and concept completeness. In this review, we present a training goal-oriented categorization model of HIIT, aiming to find the best possible consensus among the various defined types of HIIT. This categorization concludes with six different types of HIIT derived from the literature, based on the interaction of interval duration, interval intensity and interval:recovery ratio.

Stress factors in veterinary medicine-a cross-sectional study among veterinary students and practicing vets in Austria.

Background: Although the issue of high mental health burden among veterinarians is well-documented in previous studies, little is known about the specific occupational stress factors associated with mental health issues. Therefore, the aims of this study were twofold: (1) to assess occupational stress factors within the veterinary profession, with a particular emphasis on comparing the expectations of veterinary students with the experiences of practicing veterinarians and (2) to link the experienced stress with mental health indicators in veterinarians.

Methods: All registered veterinarians and veterinary-medicine students in Austria were invited to participate in a cross-sectional online survey.

Prevalence of mental health symptoms in Austrian veterinarians and examination of influencing factors.

Although previous studies point to a high mental health burden in veterinarians, little is known about mental health in Austrian veterinarians as well as potential underlying factors of poor mental health. We assessed mental health in Austrian veterinarians, compared it to the mental health of the general population, and explored potential risk factors for poor mental health in veterinarians. A total of n = 440 veterinarians (72.

Stability and degradation of (oxy)nitride photocatalysts for solar water splitting.

Advancing towards alternative technologies for the sustainable production of hydrogen is a necessity for the successful integration of this potentially green fuel in the future. Photocatalytic and photoelectrochemical water splitting are promising concepts in this context. Over the past decades, researchers have successfully explored several materials classes, such as oxides, nitrides, and oxynitrides, in their quest for suitable photocatalysts with a focus on reaching higher efficiencies.

Social impediments to meat-eaters' adherence to critical calls for a meat-free diet: An experimental test of social norm and message source effects.

Reducing meat consumption is highly effective for reducing personal carbon emissions, yet most people in Western nations still eat meat. We build on recent research highlighting that group boundaries may impede dietary change by (a) promoting pro-meat norms and (b) prohibiting critical calls for a veg* diet (vegetarian and vegan, i.e.

Comprehensive examination of support needs and mental well-being: a mixed-method study of the Austrian general population in times of crisis.

Introduction: In the recent years, the Austrian general population has faced a confluence of multiple crises. This study investigates the support wishes and mental health parameters of the Austrian general population aiming to comprehending the unmet needs and providing guidance for future psychosocial interventions and research endeavors.

Methods: 1,031 participants attended the online survey and one third ( = 332) wished for further support to improve mental well-being in April 2022.

Combined DNA Analysis from Stool and Blood Samples Improves Tumor Tracking and Assessment of Clonal Heterogeneity in Localized Rectal Cancer Patients.

In this study, stool samples were evaluated for tumor mutation analysis a targeted next generation sequencing (NGS) approach in a small patient cohort suffering from localized rectal cancer. Colorectal cancer (CRC) causes the second highest cancer-related death rate worldwide. Thus, improvements in disease assessment and monitoring that may facilitate treatment allocation and allow organ-sparing "watch-and-wait" treatment strategies are highly relevant for a significant number of CRC patients.

New light on an old syndrome: Role of Api g 7 in mugwort pollen-related celery allergy.

Background: Celery root is known to cause severe allergic reactions in patients sensitized to mugwort pollen.

Objective: We studied clinically well-characterized patients with celery allergy by IgE testing with a comprehensive panel of celery allergens to disentangle the molecular basis of what is known as the celery-mugwort syndrome.

Methods: Patients with suspected food allergy to celery underwent a standardized interview.

Photodynamic Inactivation in agriculture: combating fungal phytopathogens resistant to conventional treatment.

Botrytis cinerea is a severe threat in agriculture, as it can infect over 200 different crop species with gray mold affecting food yields and quality. The conventional treatment using fungicides lead to emerging resistance over the past decades. Here, we introduce Photodynamic Inactivation (PDI) as a strategy to combat B.

Fly into the light: eliminating Drosophila melanogaster with chlorophyllin-based Photodynamic Inactivation.

Fruit flies spoil crops in agricultural settings. As conventional pesticides may generate negative off-target effects on humans or the environment, existing treatment methods need eco-friendly and safe alternatives. Photodynamic Inactivation (PDI) is based on the photosensitizer-mediated and light-induced overproduction of reactive oxygen species in targets.

JAK-STAT signaling maintains homeostasis in T cells and macrophages.

Immune cells need to sustain a state of constant alertness over a lifetime. Yet, little is known about the regulatory processes that control the fluent and fragile balance that is called homeostasis. Here we demonstrate that JAK-STAT signaling, beyond its role in immune responses, is a major regulator of immune cell homeostasis.

A novel O-methyltransferase Cp4MP-OMT catalyses the final step in the biosynthesis of the volatile 1,4-dimethoxybenzene in pumpkin (Cucurbita pepo) flowers.

Background: Floral scents play a crucial role in attracting insect pollinators. Among the compounds attractive to pollinators is 1,4-dimethoxybenzene (1,4-DMB). It is a significant contributor to the scent profile of plants from various genera, including economically important Cucurbita species.

Applying Exercise Capacity and Physical Activity as Single vs Composite Endpoints for Trials of Cardiac Rehabilitation Interventions: Rationale, Use-case, and a Blueprint Method for Sample Size Calculation.

Objective: To conceptualize a composite primary endpoint for parallel-group RCTs of exercise-based cardiac rehabilitation (CR) interventions and to explore its application and statistical efficiency.

Design: We conducted a statistical exploration of sample size requirements. We combined exercise capacity and physical activity for the composite endpoint (CE), both being directly related to reduced premature mortality in patients with cardiac diseases.

Between nature and culture - Interpreting students' sexuality in physical education.

Introduction: As sexuality in physical education (PE) is often treated as a taboo subject, social media platforms, online chats, and internet forums are emerging as spaces where it is negotiated more openly and broadly by current and former actors of the field. This paper contributes to a better understanding of the discursive construction of sexuality in PE in such online communication.

Methods: In line with The Sociology of Knowledge Approach to Discourse (SKAD) we investigate basic schemes of interpretation of sexuality with a heterogeneous sample of threads (17 threads from seven different online forums) on different PE situations in Germany.

Preclinical Efficacy of Cabazitaxel Loaded Poly(2-alkyl cyanoacrylate) Nanoparticle Variants.

Background: Biodegradable poly(alkyl cyanoacrylate) (PACA) nanoparticles (NPs) are receiving increasing attention in anti-cancer nanomedicine development not only for targeted cancer chemotherapy, but also for modulation of the tumor microenvironment. We previously reported promising results with cabazitaxel (CBZ) loaded poly(2-ethylbutyl cyanoacrylate) NPs (PEBCA-CBZ NPs) in a patient derived xenograft (PDX) model of triple-negative breast cancer, and this was associated with a decrease in M2 macrophages. The present study aims at comparing two endotoxin-free PACA NP variants (PEBCA and poly(2-ethylhexyl cyanoacrylate); PEHCA), loaded with CBZ and test whether conjugation with folate would improve their effect.

Perspectives in the treatment of antibiotic-resistant bacterial infections with active photodynamic partners within the framework of the EURESTOP COST Action (CA21145).

The European Network for diagnosis and treatment of antibiotic-resistant bacterial infections-EURESTOP COST Action CA21145 focuses on tackling the burden of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) and has gathered many members working on photodynamic approaches. This European consortium is presented here in the One Health context, to highlight the potential of antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) in the fight against AMR.

Process and outcome of outpatient psychotherapies under clinically representative conditions in Austria: protocol and feasibility of an ongoing study.

Background: While most studies assessing psychotherapy efficacy are randomized-controlled trials conducted in research institutions or short clinical treatments, the understanding of psychotherapy effectiveness under regular, clinically representative conditions, particularly in outpatient practice, remains limited. Representative data examining the effectiveness of psychotherapy under real-world conditions in Austria is lacking.

Aims And Methods: This paper introduces a naturalistic observational combined process- and outcome study, implementing a dual-perspective approach through standardised pre- and post-treatment questionnaires and evaluating changes in the therapeutic alliance after each session.

Glow up: does a professional photoshoot intervention affect self-esteem and emotions among adolescent psychiatric patients?-A longitudinal intervention study.

Background: Today, online communication is shaped by a billion-dollar social media (SM) and social networking site (SNS) industry. Visual content consumed by children and adolescents has been shown to influence behavioral patterns, state emotions, and self-esteem (SE). In this study, we introduced a novel intervention creating visual content through a professional photoshoot and investigated its impact on state emotions and SE in child and adolescent psychiatric (CAP) patients.

School students' burdens and resources after 2 years of COVID-19 in Austria: a qualitative study using content analysis.

Introduction: The mental health of young people has been severely affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the measures associated with it. Mental health symptoms increased across various domains during the pandemic and subjective wellbeing decreased.

Methods: This study examined the burdens and resources of Austrian school students ( = 16.