Alertness and feeding behaviors in ADHD: does the hypocretin/orexin system play a role?

Increasing evidence has suggested that patients with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) may present with a deficit of alertness and sleep disturbances. Recent studies have also pointed out a previously underestimated association between ADHD and abnormal eating behaviors, including binge eating. Since sleep/alertness disturbances and eating disorders may significantly increase the functional impairment of ADHD, gaining insight into their pathophysiology as well as into their treatment is of relevance to provide a better clinical management of patients suffering from ADHD.

Indications for laparoscopy in the management of intussusception: A multicenter retrospective study conducted by the French Study Group for Pediatric Laparoscopy (GECI).

Introduction: Surgical management of intussusception is required for cases where enema reduction fails. Some articles report an advantage of the laparoscopic over the open approach, but complications such as serosal tearing and frank perforation have been described. We aim to determine the best indication of laparoscopy in the decisional management tree of intussusception.

Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and obesity: a systematic review of the literature.

Recent studies suggest a possible comorbidity between Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) and obesity. To gain insight into this potential association, we performed a systematic review of the literature excluding case reports, non-empirical studies, and studies not using ADHD diagnostic criteria. Empirically based evidence suggests that obese patients referred to obesity clinics may present with higher than expected prevalence of ADHD.

Usefulness of taping in lower limb osteoarthritis. French clinical practice guidelines.

Objectives: To develop clinical practice guidelines about the use of taping in the management of lower limb osteoarthritis.

Method: We used the methodology advocated by the SOFMER (French Society for Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine), which combines a literature review, collection of data on current practice patterns, and validation of the recommendations by a multidisciplinary panel of experts. Our evaluation focused on the effectiveness of taping in relieving symptoms of lower limb osteoarthritis.

Influence of blood sampling procedure on plasma concentrations of matrix metalloproteinases and their tissue inhibitors.

1. Plasma levels of matrix metalloproteinases (MMP) and tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases (TIMP) are potential markers of many diseases involving extracellular matrix remodelling such as hypertension. Our aim was to determine whether the anticoagulant used to collect plasma and several freeze-thaw cycles may influence the accuracy of plasma MMP and TIMP determinations.

Advanced gastric cancer with or without peritoneal carcinomatosis treated with hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy: a single western center experience.

Introduction: The aim of this article was to evaluate the role of hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC), associated or not to cytoreductive surgery (CS) in the treatment of different stages of advanced gastric cancer (AGC).

Patients And Methods: Thirty seven patients with AGC who underwent 43 HIPEC from June 1992 to February 2007 were included. HIPEC used Mitomycin-C and Cisplatin for 60-90 min at 41-43 degrees C intra-abdominal temperature.

Extensor tendon injuries in children.

Introduction: This study retrospectively analyzes primary extensor tendon repairs in children younger than 15 years.

Methods: Exclusion criteria were skin loss, devascularization, fractures, or flexor tendon injuries. Fifty patients who had sustained extensor tendon laceration with 53 digits injured were available for review.

Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, Tourette's syndrome, and restless legs syndrome: the iron hypothesis.

Preliminary but increasing evidence suggests that attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), Tourette's syndrome (TS), and restless legs syndrome (RLS) may be comorbid. In the present article, we hypothesize that ADHD, TS, and RLS may be part of a spectrum, and that iron deficiency contributes to the pathophysiology underlying this spectrum. Iron deficiency might lead to ADHD, RLS and TS symptoms via its impact on the metabolism of dopamine and other catecholamines, which have been involved into the pathophysiology of ADHD, TS, and RLS.

Objective assessment of the quality of vision before and after repositioning of a dislocated iris-fixated aphakic anterior chamber lens.

Purpose: To document severe visual symptoms due to the dislocation of an iris-fixated aphakic anterior chamber lens using wavefront aberrometry.

Methods: A patient complaining of severe visual blur and distortion due to a decentered Artisan iris-fixated anterior chamber lens was evaluated pre- and postoperatively after recentration. The patient underwent complete ophthalmic evaluation including the measurement of corneal topography and wavefront aberrations using the NIDEK OPD-Scan.

Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and binge eating.

Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is characterized by a persistent and pervasive pattern of inattention and/or hyperactivity-impulsivity. Emerging data suggest higher than expected rates of binge eating occur in subjects with ADHD. Several hypotheses may explain this newly described comorbidity: 1) inattention and/or impulsivity foster binge eating, 2) ADHD and binge eating share common neurobiological bases, 3) binge eating contributes to ADHD, or 4) psychopathological factors common to both binge eating and ADHD mediate the association.

Ultrasonography of Crohn disease in children.

US is increasingly performed in Crohn disease (CD) in children as a first line imaging modality. It reduces the use of other more invasive examinations such as endoscopy, CT or contrast enema. We describe bowel ultrasonography technique, normal bowel appearances on US and pathological patterns in CD.

Prospective study of rituximab in chemotherapy-dependent human immunodeficiency virus associated multicentric Castleman's disease: ANRS 117 CastlemaB Trial.

Purpose: Single-agent chemotherapy is usually effective in HIV-associated multicentric Castleman's disease (MCD). However, in most patients, chemotherapy cannot be discontinued.

Patients And Methods: To evaluate the efficacy of four weekly rituximab infusions (375 mg/m(2)) after discontinuation of chemotherapy in HIV-associated MCD, 24 patients were enrolled onto a prospective open-label trial.

Does excessive daytime sleepiness contribute to explaining the association between obesity and ADHD symptoms?

Recent studies suggest a significant association between obesity and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). The factors underlying this newly described comorbidity are still unclear and unexplored. In the present article, we propose that excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS) contributes to explaining the association between ADHD and obesity.

Measurement of combined corneal, internal, and total ocular optical quality analysis in anterior segment pathology with the OPD-scan and OPD-station.

Purpose: To show the clinical use of the NIDEK OPD-Scan wavefront aberrometer and OPD-Station software in anterior segment surgery and pathology.

Methods: Case examples are presented along with discussion about the relevant clinical data obtained from the OPD-Scan and OPD-Station software.

Results: Six case examples including cataract surgery, secondary IOL implantation, phakic intraocular lens surgery, pterygium surgery, contact lens fitting, and multifocal ablations are discussed.

Iterative cytoreductive surgery associated with hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy for treatment of peritoneal carcinomatosis of colorectal origin with or without liver metastases.

Introduction: The aim of this study was to evaluate the results of an aggressive strategy in patients presenting peritoneal carcinomatosis (PC) from colorectal cancer with or without liver metastases (LMs) treated with cytoreductive surgery (CS) and hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC).

Patients And Methods: The population included 43 patients who had 54 CS+HIPEC for colorectal PC from 1996 to 2006. Sixteen patients (37%) presented LMs.

GH deficiency with central precocious puberty: a new rare disorder associated with a developmental defect of the hypothalamic-pituitary area.

Context: GH deficiency (GHD) associated with central precocious puberty (CPP) has been widely reported in cases of arachnoid cyst, septo-optic dysplasia, brain tumors, or after cerebral radiation therapy. However, idiopathic GHD associated with CPP has been reported in only one isolated case.

Objective: To evaluate the occurrence and clinical features of the association of nonacquired GHD and CPP.

Should dialysis be offered to cancer patients with acute kidney injury?

Objectives: Cancer patients are at high risk for acute kidney injury (AKI), which is associated with high mortality when renal replacement therapy is required. Because physicians might be reluctant to offer dialysis to patients with malignancies, we sought to appraise outcomes in critically ill cancer patients (mainly with hematological malignancies) who received renal replacement therapy for AKI complicating cancer management.

Design: Cohort study including consecutive patients who received renal replacement therapy for AKI complicating cancer management, over a 42-month period.

Detection and follow-up of fibroblast growth factor receptor 3 expression on bone marrow and circulating plasma cells by flow cytometry in patients with t(4;14) multiple myeloma.

The t(4;14)(p16;q32) translocation, found in 15% of multiple myeloma (MM) cases, indicates a poor prognosis. Plasma cells (PC) with t(4;14) ectopically express the fibroblast growth factor receptor 3 (FGFR3) tyrosine kinase receptor, which has potential transforming activity and may represent a therapeutic target. To detect FGFR3 protein expression, bone marrow (BM) aspirate from 200 consecutive newly diagnosed (n = 116) or relapsing (n = 74) MM patients was studied by flow cytometry (FC) using anti-CD138 and anti-FGFR3 antibodies.

Contribution of magnetic resonance imaging in non-tumoral hypopituitarism in children.

Background: Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is of paramount importance for evaluating the hypothalamo-pituitary axis in children.

Methods: We summarize the main points of the MRI technique, and describe the normal appearance of the hypothalamo-pituitary axis as a function of age and pubertal status. The most frequent causes of non-tumoral hypopituitarism include anterior pituitary deficiency (growth hormone deficiency may be isolated or associated with other anterior pituitary hormone deficiencies, with or without other malformations, and related to a known genetic abnormality in some cases), isolated hypogonadotropic hypogonadism and posterior pituitary deficiency with or without anterior pituitary hormone deficiency (central diabetes insipidus may be observed without tumor development).

Rituximab in subacute sclerosing panencephalitis.

Subacute sclerosing panencephalitis (SSPE) is a progressive, fatal neurological disorder of childhood and early adolescence. It is caused by a persistent measles virus infection of the brain without any available treatment to date. The physiopathology of the disease is largely unknown.

High proportion of pituitary abnormalities and other congenital defects in children with congenital nasal pyriform aperture stenosis.

We aimed to determine the occurrence of pituitary dysfunction and additional malformations in patients with congenital nasal pyriform aperture stenosis (CNPAS) and to predict which patients are at risk of pituitary dysfunction. Among the 40 studied patients, hypothalamo-pituitary (HP) axis abnormalities were found in 16 patients (40%), with endocrine dysfunction (n = 9) and/or abnormal HP MRI findings (n = 15). A normal HP axis on MRI was highly predictive of normal endocrine function.

Bone metastases from head and neck paragangliomas: uncommon MR findings in an uncommon condition--report of three cases.

Malignancy (defined as metastatic disease) has been reported in nearly 5% of head and neck paragangliomas. Metastases preferentially target the lymph nodes, lung, liver, or bone. We describe three patients with multiple silent bone metastases exhibiting a fatty halo at MRI that coexisted with expansive bone lesions.

Sirolimus conversion for patients with posttransplant Kaposi's sarcoma.

This retrospective study aimed to evaluate the benefit of switching from calcineurin inhibitors (CnI) to sirolimus in posttransplant Kaposi's sarcoma (KS). Fourteen patients monitored in five French departments who had developed posttransplant KS were switched from CnI to sirolimus either abruptly (n=9) or progressively (n=5) with trough levels 5-12 ng/mL. Two patients had a complete remission, eight a partial response, and five no significant improvement of KS.