Risk assessment for esophageal cancer after bariatric surgery: a comparative cohort study between sleeve gastrectomy and gastric bypass.

Background: The risk of esophageal cancer after bariatric surgery is a matter of debate.

Objective: This study aims to evaluate the risk of esophageal cancer following sleeve gastrectomy (SG) and gastric bypass (GB).

Methods: We extracted data from the national discharge database (Programme De Médicalisation des Systèmes d'Information) for patients who underwent bariatric surgery in France between 2007 and 2020.

Modern clinical genetics in cardiology.

Advances in molecular genetics during the past decades led to seminal discoveries in the genetic basis of cardiovascular diseases, resulting in a new understanding of their pathogenesis, determinants of natural history and more recently paved the way for innovative therapies. A significant gap, however, exists between the rapidly increasing knowledge, especially of cardiovascular Mendelian disorders, and the medical applications in daily practice. This paper will focus on the practical issues the cardiologist may be faced with when suspecting a Mendelian disorder.

Aarskog-Scott syndrome: a clinical study based on a large series of 111 male patients with a pathogenic variant in and management recommendations.

Background: Aarskog-Scott syndrome (AAS) is a rare condition with multiple congenital anomalies, caused by hemizygote variants in the gene. Its description was based mostly on old case reports, in whom a molecular diagnosis was not always available, or on small series. The aim of this study was to better delineate the phenotype and the natural history of AAS and to provide clues for the diagnosis and the management of the patients.

Depression and dementia: interrogating the causality of the relationship.

Background: Depression is often cited as a major modifiable risk factor for dementia, though the relative contributions of a true causal relationship, reverse causality and confounding factors remain unclear. This study applied a subset of the Bradford Hill criteria for causation to depression and dementia including strength of effect, specificity, temporality, biological gradient and coherence.

Methods: A total of 491 557 participants in UK Biobank aged between 40 and 69 at enrolment and followed up for a mean duration of 12.

Double trouble? Quantifying the risk from co-exposure to multiple pathogens in Tenebrio molitor at different CO concentrations.

The insect mass-rearing industry to produce feed and food is expanding rapidly. Insects in production frequently encounter multiple pathogens and environmental stressors simultaneously, which can lead to significant economic losses. Our understanding of the interactions between different stressors remains limited, and existing methods primarily focus on determining overall patterns of additivity, synergism, or antagonism.

I-motif formation in the promoter region of the B-MYB proto-oncogene.

Understanding the mechanisms of carcinogenesis is essential to combat cancer. The search for alternative targets for anticancer therapy has gained interest, particularly when focused on upstream pathways. This strategy is particularly relevant when the encoded target proteins are known - or believed - to be "undruggable", as has been reported for the B-MYB oncogene.

Impact of comorbidities on the mortality benefits of lung cancer screening: a post-hoc analysis of PLCO and NLST trials.

Hypothesis: To evaluate how comorbidities affect mortality benefits of lung cancer screening (LCS) with low-dose computed-tomography (LDCT).

Methods: We developed a comorbidity index (PLCO-ci) using LCS-eligible participants' data from the Prostate Lung Colorectal and Ovarian (PLCO) trial (training set) and the National Lung Screening Trial (NLST) (validation set). PLCO-ci predicts 5-year non-lung cancer (LC) mortality using a regularized Cox model; with performance evaluated by the area under the ROC curve (ROC).

Effect of mass campaigns with full and fractional doses of pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (Pneumosil) on the reduction of nasopharyngeal pneumococcal carriage in Niger: a three-arm, open-label, cluster-randomised trial.

Background: In settings with low pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV) coverage, multi-age cohort mass campaigns could increase population immunity, and fractional dosing could increase affordability. We aimed to evaluate the effect of mass campaigns on nasopharyngeal pneumococcal carriage of Pneumosil (PCV10) in children aged 1-9 years in Niger.

Methods: In this three-arm, open-label, cluster-randomised trial, 63 clusters of one to four villages in Niger were randomly assigned (3:3:1) using block randomisation to receive campaigns consisting of a single full dose of a 10-valent PCV (Pneumosil), a single one-fifth dose of Pneumosil, or no campaign.

The effectiveness of two doses of recombinant hepatitis E vaccine in response to an outbreak in Bentiu, South Sudan: a case-control and bias indicator study.

Background: Hepatitis E virus (HEV) is a leading cause of acute viral hepatitis, particularly in Asia and Africa, where HEV genotypes 1 and 2 are prevalent. Although a recombinant vaccine, Hecolin, is available, it has not been used to control outbreaks. The licensed three-dose regimen might pose challenges for it to be an impactful outbreak control tool.

Durvalumab with or without bevacizumab with transarterial chemoembolisation in hepatocellular carcinoma (EMERALD-1): a multiregional, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 3 study.

Background: Transarterial chemoembolisation (TACE) is standard of care for patients with unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma that is amenable to embolisation; however, median progression-free survival is still approximately 7 months. We aimed to assess whether adding durvalumab, with or without bevacizumab, might improve progression-free survival.

Methods: In this multiregional, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 3 study (EMERALD-1), adults aged 18 years or older with unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma amenable to embolisation, an Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status of 0 or 1 at enrolment, and at least one measurable intrahepatic lesion per modified Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumours (RECIST) were enrolled at 157 medical sites including research centres and general and specialist hospitals in 18 countries.

DNA-binding affinity and specificity determine the phenotypic diversity in BCL11B-related disorders.

BCL11B is a Cys2-His2 zinc-finger (C2H2-ZnF) domain-containing, DNA-binding, transcription factor with established roles in the development of various organs and tissues, primarily the immune and nervous systems. BCL11B germline variants have been associated with a variety of developmental syndromes. However, genotype-phenotype correlations along with pathophysiologic mechanisms of selected variants mostly remain elusive.

Comparative evaluation of two simulation technologies for obstetric ultrasound trainees' assessment.

Objective: The objective was to evaluate the performance of two different obstetric ultrasound simulators in assessing the practical skills of trainees compared to the standard method of practical assessment conducted on pregnant women volunteers.

Methods: We performed a prospective observational study. Two simulators were compared: the Simbionix simulator which uses a mannequin and heteroevaluation and the OPUS simulator which uses optical positioning technology with automatic assessment.

[The challenges of new digital technologies on the Moroccan health system : Case of the cardiology departement -B- University Hospital Center Ibn Sina Rabat].

Introduction: We live in the era of information technology (IT) innovations in the health sector, this has led to the appropriation of new organizational models which are profoundly changing the practice of medicine. Our study aims to determine the challenges of new digital technologies in the Moroccan health system, the case of the cardiology department - B - of the Ibn Sina University Hospital Center.

Materials And Methods: This is a single-center observational descriptive-analytical study carried out at the level of the cardiology department - B- for 6 months, from September 1, 2022.

[Optimization of heart failure treatment in Abidjan heart institute].

Introduction: The aim of the study was to assess the level of treatment optimization after follow-up at discharge.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective study carried out from January 1st, 2016 to December 31st, 2018 in Abidjan Heart Institute with patients hospitalized for heart failure and reviewed in consultation.

Results: The study involved 350 patients with an average age of 53.

[Tamponnade due à la rupture d'un tératome mature : un cas rare].

Introduction: Mature teratomas, a diverse group of germ cell tumors, rarely present with complications such as rupture.

Case Presentation: We present a case of a 27-year-old male who was admitted to our hospital with acute dyspnea. A tamponade was diagnosed and the patient underwent a pericardial puncture.

Investigation of corneal topographic and ocular surface parameters in ocular rosacea based on skin subtypes.

Objective: To compare the corneal topographic parameters and ocular surface parameters of ocular rosacea (OR) patients across skin subtypes of the disease and healthy controls.

Methods: This prospective study included 180 eyes of 90 OR patients and 60 eyes of 30 healthy controls. Among the OR patients, 30 had phymatous (60 eyes), 30 had erythematotelangiectatic (60 eyes) and 30 had papulopustular skin types (60 eyes).

CAR-T cell therapy for breast cancer: Current status and future perspective.

Within the expanding therapeutic landscape for breast cancer (BC), metastatic breast cancer (MBC) remains virtually incurable and tend to develop resistance to conventional treatments ultimately leading to metastatic progression and death. Cellular immunotherapy (CI), particularly chimeric antigen receptor-engineered T (CAR-T) cells, has emerged as a promising approach for addressing this challenge. In the wake of their striking efficacy against hematological cancers, CAR-T cells have also been used where the clinical need is greatest - in patients with aggressive BCs.

Chronic pain as a presenting feature of dysferlinopathy.

Dysferlinopathies, caused by mutations in the dysferlin gene (DYSF) encoding the dysferlin protein, are a clinically heterogeneous group of autosomal recessive muscular dystrophies whose phenotypic spectrum is still evolving. Here we described a patient reporting diffuse muscular pain non related to physical exercise, mimicking fibromyalgic syndrome. Electroneuromyography was normal.

Multicenter In-House Evaluation of an Amplicon-Based Next-Generation Sequencing Panel for Comprehensive Molecular Profiling.

Background: Predicting response to targeted cancer therapies increasingly relies on both simple and complex genetic biomarkers. Comprehensive genomic profiling using high-throughput assays must be evaluated for reproducibility and accuracy compared with existing methods.

Methods: This study is a multicenter evaluation of the Oncomine™ Comprehensive Assay Plus (OCA Plus) Pan-Cancer Research Panel for comprehensive genomic profiling of solid tumors.

Ovarian cancer staging and follow-up: updated guidelines from the European Society of Urogenital Radiology female pelvic imaging working group.

Objective: To provide up-to-date European Society of Urogenital Radiology (ESUR) guidelines for staging and follow-up of patients with ovarian cancer (OC).

Methods: Twenty-one experts, members of the female pelvis imaging ESUR subcommittee from 19 institutions, replied to 2 rounds of questionnaires regarding imaging techniques and structured reporting used for pre-treatment evaluation of OC patients. The results of the survey were presented to the other authors during the group's annual meeting.

Using phenomic selection to predict hybrid values with NIR spectra measured on the parental lines: proof of concept on maize.

Phenomic selection based on parental spectra can be used to predict GCA and SCA in a sparse factorial design. Prediction approaches such as genomic selection can be game changers in hybrid breeding. They allow predicting the genetic values of hybrids without the need for their physical production.

Prevalence of Chronic Hand Eczema in adults: A cross-sectional survey of over 60,000 respondents in the general population in Canada, France, Germany, Italy, Spain, and the United Kingdom.

Background: The lack of attention to Chronic Hand Eczema (CHE) and the lack of a specific International Classification of Diseases code for CHE may have limited the assessment of CHE prevalence. To date, prevalence estimates have primarily been derived from (partly small) single-country studies.

Objectives: To estimate the annual prevalence of self-reported physician-diagnosed CHE across socio-demographic characteristics among adults in Canada, France, Germany, Italy, Spain, and the United Kingdom (UK).