Task-irrelevant emotional expressions are not mimicked, but may modulate the mimicry of task-relevant emotional expressions.

Emotional mimicry-the imitation of others' emotions-is an empathic response that helps to navigate social interactions. Mimicry is absent when participants' task does not involve engaging with the expressers' emotions. This may be because task-irrelevant faces (i.

Honey bees rely on associative stimulus strength after training on an olfactory transitive inference task.

Transitive inference, the ability to establish hierarchical relationships between stimuli, is typically tested by training with premise pairs (e.g., A + B-, B + C-, C + D-, D + E-), which establishes a stimulus hierarchy (A > B > C > D > E).

analysis of lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA signatures related to Sorafenib effectiveness in liver cancer cells.

Background: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common subtype of primary liver cancer with varied incidence and epidemiology worldwide. Sorafenib is still a recommended treatment for a large proportion of patients with advanced HCC. Different patterns of treatment responsiveness have been identified in differentiated hepatoblastoma HepG2 cells and metastatic HCC SNU449 cells.

Polygenic risk scores for atrial fibrillation and heart failure and the risk of stroke and dementia.

Atrial fibrillation and heart failure have both been suggested to increase stroke and dementia risk. However, in observational studies, reversed causation and unmeasured confounding may occur. To mitigate these issues, this study aims to investigate if higher genetic risk for atrial fibrillation and heart failure increases dementia and stroke risk.

Comparing the effectiveness of narrative therapy and EMDR-GTEP protocols in the treatment of post-traumatic stress in children exposed to humanitarian crises.

Background: The mental health of children living in humanitarian crisis situations is a major issue. Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) causes great psychological suffering and has negative consequences on children's development. The aim of the study was to analyze retrospective data collected in a mental health and psychosocial support program for children in the Central African Republic, and to compare results of two trauma-focused treatment interventions: the narrative protocol Action contre la Faim (ACF)/KONO; and the EMDR-based Group Trauma Episode Protocol (G-TEP).

Comparative genomics of reveals genomic adaptations in bovine genital strains.

Bovine genital leptospirosis (BGL) is a silent and chronic reproductive syndrome associated with reproductive failures that result in animal suffering and substantial financial losses for farmers. Important aspects of the interactions between the host and the pathogen during chronic leptospirosis have been well described in the kidney, but little is known about the genital infection mechanisms. The present study sheds light on the pathophysiology of BGL based on comparative genomic analysis of renal versus genital isolates of genomes, an endemic species on Latin America.

Reappraisal of the fundamental mechanisms of the sHA14-1 molecule as a Bcl-2/Bcl-XL ligand in the context of anticancer therapy: A cell biological study.

Background: HA14-1 is a small-molecule, stable B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2) antagonist that promotes apoptosis in malignant cells through an incompletely-defined mechanism of action. Bcl-2 and related anti-apoptotic proteins, such as B-cell lymphoma-extra-large [Bcl-XL]), are predominantly localized to the outer mitochondrial membrane, where they regulate cell death pathways. However, the notably short half-life of HA14-1 limits its potential therapeutic application.

Revealing trends in measles immunity during periods of varying measles circulation in Madagascar.

Estimating the durability of immunity from vaccination is complicated by unreported re-vaccination, and unobserved natural infection or reexposure, which could result in overestimation of protection longevity. We tested serial cross-sectional serum samples from 2005 to 2015 (N=2,530) for IgG to examine measles seroprevalence, spatiotemporal patterns of titers across regions and antibody dynamics among children aged 1-9 years who grew up during varying measles circulation in Madagascar under a one-dose vaccination schedule. We found that measles seroprevalence has generally decreased over this time period.

Short-term variability of Alzheimer's disease plasma biomarkers in a mixed memory clinic cohort.

Background: For clinical implementation of Alzheimer's disease (AD) blood-based biomarkers (BBMs), knowledge of short-term variability, is crucial to ensure safe and correct biomarker interpretation, i.e., to capture changes or treatment effects that lie beyond that of expected short-term variability and considered clinically relevant.

A comparative analysis in monitoring 24-hour urinary copper in wilson disease: sampling on or off treatment?

Background & Aim: Twenty-four-hour urinary copper excretion (24 h-UCE) is the standard diagnostic tool for dose adjustments in maintenance therapy in Wilson disease (WD) patients. Guidelines lack data if both variants of 24 h-UCE measurement (with or without 48 h of treatment interruption) are equally interpretable.

Methods: Eighty-four patients with a confirmed diagnosis of WD treated with chelators (50% of patients with D-Penicillamine and 50% with trientine) and with pairwise 24-h-UCE values on-therapy and off-therapy were included in the analysis.

Genome sequences of four Ixodes species expands understanding of tick evolution.

Background: Ticks, hematophagous Acari, pose a significant threat by transmitting various pathogens to their vertebrate hosts during feeding. Despite advances in tick genomics, high-quality genomes were lacking until recently, particularly in the genus Ixodes, which includes the main vectors of Lyme disease.

Results: Here, we present the genome sequences of four tick species, derived from a single female individual, with a particular focus on the European species Ixodes ricinus, achieving a chromosome-level assembly.

Effects of nonionic surfactants on life history traits of Drosophila melanogaster.

Surfactants are used for a variety of applications such as emulsifiers, solubilizers, or foaming agents. Their intensive production and use in pharmaceutical, cosmetic and agricultural products have resulted in their continuous discharge in the environment, especially via wastewaters. Surfactants have become a threat to living organisms as they interact with, and disrupt, cell membranes and macromolecules.

Pembrolizumab and chemotherapy in high-risk, early-stage, ER/HER2 breast cancer: a randomized phase 3 trial.

Addition of pembrolizumab to neoadjuvant chemotherapy followed by adjuvant pembrolizumab improved outcomes in patients with high-risk, early-stage, triple-negative breast cancer. However, whether the addition of neoadjuvant pembrolizumab to chemotherapy would improve outcomes in high-risk, early-stage, estrogen receptor-positive/human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-negative (ER/HER2) breast cancer remains unclear. We conducted a double-blind, placebo-controlled phase 3 study (KEYNOTE-756) in which patients with previously untreated ER/HER2 grade 3 high-risk invasive breast cancer (T1c-2 (≥2 cm), cN1-2 or T3-4, cN0-2) were randomly assigned (1:1) to neoadjuvant pembrolizumab 200 mg or placebo Q3W given with paclitaxel QW for 12 weeks, followed by four cycles of doxorubicin or epirubicin plus cyclophosphamide Q2W or Q3W.

Temporal and regional X-linked gene reactivation in the mouse germline reveals site-specific retention of epigenetic silencing.

Random X-chromosome inactivation is a hallmark of female mammalian somatic cells. This epigenetic mechanism, mediated by the long noncoding RNA Xist, occurs in the early embryo and is stably maintained throughout life, although inactivation is lost during primordial germ cell (PGC) development. Using a combination of single-cell allele-specific RNA sequencing and low-input chromatin profiling on developing mouse PGCs, we provide a detailed map of X-linked gene reactivation.

Cholesterol mobilization regulates dendritic cell maturation and the immunogenic response to cancer.

Maturation of conventional dendritic cells (cDCs) is crucial for maintaining tolerogenic safeguards against auto-immunity and for promoting immunogenic responses to pathogens and cancer. The subcellular mechanism for cDC maturation remains poorly defined. We show that cDCs mature by leveraging an internal reservoir of cholesterol (harnessed from extracellular cell debris and generated by de novo synthesis) to assemble lipid nanodomains on cell surfaces of maturing cDCs, enhance expression of maturation markers and stabilize immune receptor signaling.

TLE4 is a repressor of the oncogenic activity of TLX3 in T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia.

T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL) is an aggressive hematological disease originating from the malignant transformation of T-cell progenitors, caused by the accumulation of genetic aberrations. One-fifth of T-ALL patients are characterized by ectopic expression of the homeobox transcription factor TLX3. However, the role of TLX3 in T-ALL remains elusive, partly due to the lack of suitable study models.

Insights from a century of data reveal global trends in ex situ living plant collections.

Ex situ living plant collections play a crucial role in providing nature-based solutions to twenty-first century global challenges. However, the complex dynamics of these artificial ecosystems are poorly quantified and understood, affecting biodiversity storage, conservation and utilization. To evaluate the management of ex situ plant diversity, we analysed a century of data comprising 2.

One carbon metabolism supplementation in maturation medium but not embryo culture medium improves the yield of blastocysts from bovine oocytes.

Optimizing oocyte maturation and embryo culture media could enhance in vitro embryo production. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the role of supplementing one carbon metabolism (OCM) substrates and its cofactors (Cystine, Zinc, Betaine, B2, B3, B6, B12 and 5-methyltetrahydrofolate) in maturation and/or embryo culture media on the rate of blastocyst formation and pregnancy outcomes following the transfer of the resulting blastocysts in bovines. In the first experiment, 2537 bovine oocytes were recovered from slaughterhouse ovaries and then matured either in conventional maturation medium (IVM) or IVM supplemented with OCM substrates (Sup-IVM).

FGFR antagonists restore defective mandibular bone repair in a mouse model of osteochondrodysplasia.

Gain-of-function mutations in fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR) genes lead to chondrodysplasia and craniosynostoses. FGFR signaling has a key role in the formation and repair of the craniofacial skeleton. Here, we analyzed the impact of Fgfr2- and Fgfr3-activating mutations on mandibular bone formation and endochondral bone repair after non-stabilized mandibular fractures in mouse models of Crouzon syndrome (Crz) and hypochondroplasia (Hch).

Quantum machine learning with Adaptive Boson Sampling via post-selection.

The implementation of large-scale universal quantum computation represents a challenging and ambitious task on the road to quantum processing of information. In recent years, an intermediate approach has been pursued to demonstrate quantum computational advantage via non-universal computational models. A relevant example for photonic platforms has been provided by the Boson Sampling paradigm and its variants, which are known to be computationally hard while requiring at the same time only the manipulation of the generated photonic resources via linear optics and detection.

Time to HIV viral rebound and frequency of post-treatment control after analytical interruption of antiretroviral therapy: an individual data-based meta-analysis of 24 prospective studies.

The only current strategy to test efficacy of novel interventions for sustained HIV control without antiretroviral therapy (ART) among people with HIV (PWH) is through an analytical treatment interruption (ATI). Inclusion of 'placebo' controls in ATIs poses ethical, logistical, and economic challenges. To understand viral dynamics and rates of post-treatment control (PTC) after ATI among PWH receiving either placebo or no intervention, we undertook an individual-participant data meta-analysis.

The Phenotypic and Genotypic Spectrum of BRPF1-Related Disorder: 29 New Patients and Literature Review.

Intellectual Developmental Disorder with Dysmorphic Facies and Ptosis (IDDDFP) is a rare autosomal dominant syndrome caused by pathogenic variants in the BRPF1 gene, which is critical for chromatin regulation. This study expands the clinical and molecular spectrum of IDDDFP by analysing 29 new patients from 20 families with confirmed BRPF1 variants. Our cohort presented with a wide range of clinical features including developmental delay, intellectual disability (ID) and characteristic dysmorphic facial features such as ptosis, blepharophimosis and a broad nasal bridge.

Calretinin-expressing neurons in the basal forebrain specifically contact granule cells in the olfactory bulb and modulate odor learning.

GABAergic neurons in basal forebrain (BF) nuclei project densely to all layers of the mouse main olfactory bulb (OB), the first relay in odor information processing. However, BF projection neurons are diverse and the contribution of each subtype to odor information processing is not known. In the present study, we used retrograde and anterograde tracing methods together with whole-brain light-sheet analyses, patch-clamp recordings coupled with optogenetic and chemogenetic approaches during spontaneous odor discrimination, and go/no-go odor discrimination/learning tests to characterize the synaptic targets in the OB of BF calretinin-expressing (CR+) GABAergic cells and to reveal their functional implications.

Radiation Exposure Analysis on 274 Patients With Vertebral Augmentation Using the Surgivisio Intraoperative Navigation System.

Background: Surgeons' reliance on intraoperative fluoroscopy during vertebroplasty procedures has raised concerns regarding the level of patient and surgeon radiation. Navigation systems have shown a potential to reduce the overall patient and medical staff exposure during dose exposure studies. The main objective of this study was to determine whether the Surgivisio platform (eCential Robotics, France), a unified imaging and navigation platform, lowers the patient dose during routine clinical usage as compared with published fluoroscopy and other navigation options that are published in the literature.