A Positive Parathyroid Washout May Obviate the Need for Nuclear Scintigraphy in Parathyroid Adenoma Localization: A Retrospective Study.

Background: Minimally invasive parathyroidectomy (MIP) in patients with a parathyroid adenoma (PA) requires imaging modalities for precise localization. Parathyroid hormone assay on ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration washout, or PTH washout, can be used for this purpose. It is unclear whether PTH washout complements traditional PA localization techniques such as a sestamibi (MIBI) scan or diminishes its need.

Adolescent Hyperparathyroidism: An Updated Contemporary Surgical Experience at a Tertiary Center.

Introduction: Primary hyperparathyroidism (pHPT) in children is uncommon, resulting in a paucity of data describing the disease process in this population. Herein, in an effort to bridge the information gap, we review our experience with pHPT in adolescent patients under 20 y of age at a specialized tertiary referral center.

Methods: A retrospective chart review included all adolescent patients with pHPT, who underwent surgery at our institution between 2004 and 2023.

Somatostatin Receptor Imaging in the Diagnosis and Management of Parathyroid Neuroendocrine Neoplasia.

Background: Parathyroid tumors are classified as parathyroid neuroendocrine neoplasia (NEN) by the IARC-WHO classification. These tumors can occur with NENs from other sites, which often require total-body [68Ga]-DOTA-peptides PET/CT. This study aimed to assess the utility of [68Ga]-DOTA-peptide PET/CT in imaging parathyroid NENs and to evaluate the underlying mechanisms.

Near-Infrared Autofluorescence or Intraoperative Parathyroid Hormone Determination as a Surgical Support Tool in Primary Hyperparathyroidism: Too Close to Call?

This study investigates the use of near-infrared fluorescence imaging (NIFI) as an alternative to intraoperative parathyroid hormone (ioPTH) measurement in patients with primary hyperparathyroidism (PHP) due to parathyroid adenoma (PA) with two preoperative imaging examinations in agreement on the position of the altered parathyroid gland. Fifty patients who underwent minimally invasive parathyroidectomy (MIP) from March 2021 to April 2024 were enrolled. MIPs utilised both NIFI and ioPTH, comparing the time to adenoma excision with NIFI against the total surgical time, including ioPTH measurement wait time.

Navigating diagnostic dilemmas: Localizing parathyroid adenoma in the presence of MIBI-avid thyroid nodules: A case report and literature review.

Surgery is the preferred treatment for primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT), but the presence of MIBI-avid thyroid nodules can complicate the localization of parathyroid adenoma (PA). In this case report, we discuss the role of imaging in localizing PA in a patient with concurrent thyroid nodules. A 49-year-old female presented with hypercalcemia and elevated parathyroid hormone levels.

Opportunistic Assessment for Parathyroid Adenoma on CT: A Retrospective Cohort Study Evaluating Primary Hyperparathyroidism-Associated Morbidity Over 10 Years of Follow-Up.

Primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) is underdiagnosed. Opportunistic imaging-based parathyroid gland assessment is a proposed strategy for identifying patients at increased risk of undiagnosed PHPT. However, whether this approach is likely to identify individuals with clinically significant disease is unknown.

A case series on parathyroid carcinoma: Diagnostic challenges and therapeutic approaches.

Introduction: Parathyroid carcinoma is an exceptionally rare endocrine malignancy, constituting <1 % of primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) cases. It presents with more severe hypercalcemia and higher PTH levels than benign parathyroid diseases, requiring increased clinical awareness for accurate identification and specialized management. The results of this case series may provide insight into the clinical presentation, diagnostic workup, surgical management, and prognosis of parathyroid carcinoma, supplemented by a comprehensive review of current diagnostic and therapeutic approaches.

Left supraclavicular parathyroid carcinoma: diagnostic difficulties through a case report.

Parathyroid carcinoma is a very rare malignant tumour of the parathyroid gland, accounting for less than 0.005% of all cancers, and less than 1% of the aetiologies of primary hyperparathyroidism. This case report aims to describe the incidental discovery of a non-secreting parathyroid carcinoma in a left supraclavicular location and to report on the diagnostic difficulties encountered, together with a review of the literature and current management issues.

Efficacy of additional lateral pinhole and SPECT/CT imaging in dual-phase Tc-99m MIBI parathyroid scintigraphy for localising parathyroid pathologies in patients with primary hyperparathyroidism: a single-institution experience.

Purpose: Parathyroid imaging with dual-phase technetium-99m methoxyisobutrylizonitrile (Tc-99m MIBI) scintigraphy serves as an important prerequisite for the identification of hyperfunctioning parathyroid gland(s) in patients with primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) for a successful targeted parathyroidectomy. This study aimed to evaluate the clinical value of additional lateral imaging and single-photon emission computed tomography/computed tomography (SPECT/CT) versus conventional planar imaging for locating parathyroid pathologies in patients with PHPT.

Materials And Methods: A retrospective review was performed on 105 patients who underwent dual-phase Tc-99m MIBI scintigraphy and were surgically treated by parathyroidectomy.

The challenge of the differential diagnosis between brown tumors and metastases in parathyroid carcinoma: a case report.

Background: Brown tumors are rare bone manifestations of primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) that may occur at different sites either as single or multiple lesions and they can easily be mistaken for malignant lesions. Neither bone site nor morphological or functional imaging are useful to drive the differential diagnosis and biopsy is often the only conclusive procedure.

Case Description: We report the case of a 53 years-old man referred to our outpatient clinic for severe symptomatic PHPT complicated by nephrolithiasis and osteoporosis.

Surgeon Review of 4D CT for Identification of Parathyroid Adenomas.

Background: Preoperative localization of parathyroid adenomas aids surgical planning for patients with hyperparathyroidism. This study explores the diagnostic accuracy of surgeon-reviewed 4D computed tomography (4D CT) scans for localization of parathyroid adenomas.

Methods: A retrospective review of 95 patients with hyperparathyroidism who underwent parathyroidectomy at a tertiary care center was performed.

Neuroendocrine neoplasms of head and neck, genitourinary and gynaecological systems, unknown primaries, parathyroid carcinomas and intrathyroid thymic neoplasms: ESMO Clinical Practice Guideline for diagnosis, treatment and follow-up.

• This Clinical Practice Guideline provides key recommendations for managing rare endocrine tumours. • Neuroendocrine neoplasms of different origins, parathyroid carcinoma and intrathyroid thymic neoplasms are included. • The guideline covers clinical imaging and pathological diagnosis, staging and risk assessment, treatment and follow-up.

Giant Parathyroid Adenoma of the Posterior Mediastinum.

Ectopic parathyroid adenoma is a rare pathology. We present a clinical case of a giant ectopic parathyroid adenoma (PA) in an unusual location, which brought significant diagnostical and therapeutical challenges. The tumour in the mediastinum was found incidentally on chest computed tomography (CT).