Clinical Characteristics of Obstetric Patients Admitted in ICU During COVID-19 Pandemic and its Comparison with Pre-COVID Period: A Retrospective Analysis from North India.

Background: It was initially believed that coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) increased the risk of complications as well as mortality in obstetric patients. This study was done to analyze any difference in-patient admissions, indications and outcomes in the obstetric ICU before and during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Materials And Methods: A retrospective study of obstetric cases admitted to the intensive care unit over a period of 6 years was done.

Does Vascular Dementia Exist? Report of Two Cases Previously Diagnosed with Vascular Dementia Treated by Means of Ventriculoatrial Shunts.

Vascular dementia (VaD) is the second most common cause of dementia after Alzheimer's disease. While new therapeutic modalities have been available for Alzheimer's disease, there is currently no effective treatment for VaD. We encountered two cases with VaD who recovered their cognitive function to normal levels after ventriculoatrial shunt (VA shunt).

Oral Fluid, Electrolytes, and Energy Management in Various Adult and Geriatric Illnesses beyond Diarrhea: An Indian Expert Panel Delphi Consensus Recommendation.

Background: Dehydration is a highly prevalent clinical challenge in adults which can go undetected. Although dehydration is commonly associated with an increased risk of hospitalization and mortality, only a few international guidelines provide recommendations regarding oral fluids, electrolytes, and energy (FEE) management in adults/geriatrics with dehydration due to nondiarrheal causes. Currently, there is a lack of comprehensive recommendations on the role of oral FEE in nondiarrheal dehydration in adult and geriatric Indian patients.

Effectiveness of ORSL Variants as an Adjuvant along with Standard-of-care Treatment in the Restoration of Oral Fluid, Electrolytes, and Energy in Patients with Fever and/or General Weakness in Indian Patients in an Outpatient Setting.

Background: Dehydration due to reduced intake or increased losses including insensible losses in patients with acute nondiarrheal diseases may lead to fluid, electrolytes, and energy (FEE) deficits. The impact of oral FEE supplementation adjuvant to standard of care (SOC) treatment on recovery in patients with acute nondiarrheal diseases is yet to be evaluated.

Aim: To determine the effectiveness of ORSL® variants (ORSL® Apple Drink and ORSL® PLUS Orange Drink), fruit juice-based electrolyte drinks as an adjuvant along with SOC in the restoration of oral FEE in patients with acute nondiarrheal disease with fever and/or general weakness who attended an outpatient department (OPD).

Accessibility audit of a health care institute in India: Are people with disabilities being provided their rights?

Background: Poor accessibility of health care facilities is a major barrier for differently abled people when seeking health care. Yet, accessibility is rarely audited. This study reports findings from the first assessment of the accessibility in a health care institution of national importance.

Perceptions regarding the impact of gender on training and career advancement among gastroenterologists in India and other South Asian countries.

Background: There are limited studies on the impact of gender on training and career advancement in gastroenterology.

Aim: The aim was to study this impact and understand the perceptions of work-life balance and beliefs regarding gender dynamics among gastroenterologists in India and other South Asian countries.

Methods: A web-based survey was conducted among trainees and attending physicians in South Asia from November 15, 2021, to March 30, 2022.

Tofacitinib use in ulcerative colitis: An expert consensus for day-to-day clinical practice.

Rising number of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) cases in developing countries necessitate clear guidance for clinicians for the appropriate use of advanced therapies. An expert consensus document was generated to guide the usage of tofacitinib, a Janus kinase inhibitor, in ulcerative colitis. Tofacitinib is a useful agent for the induction and maintenance of remission in ulcerative colitis.

Awareness Regarding Medicolegal Aspects of Medical Services Among Reproductive Age Women: A Population-Based Cross-Sectional Study.

The government has implemented various laws to regulate medical practice and improve the quality of health care services. This study evaluated the general population's awareness of various medicolegal aspects related to the medical profession.   Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted.

Glutathione Depletion and Concomitant Elevation of Susceptibility in Patients with Parkinson's Disease: State-of-the-Art MR Spectroscopy and Neuropsychological Study.

Parkinson's disease (PD) is characterized by extrapyramidal motor disturbances and nonmotor cognitive impairments which impact activities of daily living. Although the etiology of PD is still obscure, autopsy reports suggest that oxidative stress (OS) is one of the important factors in the pathophysiology of PD. In the current study, we have investigated the impact of OS in PD by measuring the antioxidant glutathione (GSH) levels from the substantia nigra (SN), left hippocampus (LH) and neurotransmitter γ-amino butyric acid (GABA) levels from SN region.

Impact of COVID-19 on heart failure hospitalization and outcome in India - A cardiological society of India study (CSI-HF in COVID 19 times study - "The COVID C-HF study").

Objectives: The presentation and outcomes of acute decompensated heart failure (ADHF) during COVID times (June 2020 to Dec 2020) were compared with the historical control during the same period in 2019.

Methods: Data of 4806 consecutive patients of acute HF admitted in 22 centres in the country were collected during this period. The admission patterns, aetiology, outcomes, prescription of guideline-directed medical therapy (GDMT) and interventions were analysed in this retrospective study.

Peripheral Schwannoma Presenting as a Retro-Malleolar Mass: A Case Report.

Schwannomas are rare peripheral nerve tumors that can present with diverse clinical manifestations. They commonly present as solitary, encapsulated masses and can occur in various locations throughout the body. This case report presents a comprehensive analysis of a peripheral schwannoma in a 29-year-old male patient who presented with numbness, pain, and paresthesias on the plantar aspect of the left foot.

The Legal Void Outside Brain Death in India: The Legislative Need of 'DNR' in Brain Death.

Objective: The legal definitions of brain death are tantamount for legal dogmas and sometimes criminal intimidation of the treating doctors. The tests for brain death are only applicable to patients planned for organ transplantation. We intend to discuss the necessity of the "Do Not Resuscitate (DNR)" legislature in cases of brain death patients and applicability of tests for brain death irrespective of the intention for organ donation.

Role of Laparoscopic Transillumination Guidance During Hysteroscopic Metroplasty in Simplifying Surgical Management of Type II Robert's Uterus.

Robert's uterus is a rare variant of septate uterus with an asymmetrical septum which divides the uterine cavity into a noncommunicating hemiuterus causing hematometra and other communicating hemiuterus with a single cervix and a normal fundal contour (U2bC3V4 ESHRE classification). It is a cause of severe dysmenorrhea in young girls. However, there is a type of Robert uterus (Type II) which does not have collection in the blind cavity and causes symptoms later, similar to our case.

Severity and Cardiac Involvement in Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children.

Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) occurs secondary to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection. A retrospective study, involving 6 tertiary-care centers in Haryana, was conducted to evaluate the clinical features, severity, laboratory findings, and outcomes of patients with MIS-C. Disease severity was graded (mild/moderate/severe) and presence of cardiac abnormalities noted.

A novel leaky splice variant in centromere protein J (CENPJ)-associated Seckel syndrome.

Primary microcephaly and Seckel syndrome are rare genetically and clinically heterogenous brain development disorders. Several exonic/splicing mutations are reported for these disorders to date, but ∼40% of all cases remain unexplained. We aimed to uncover the genetic correlate(s) in a family of multiple siblings with microcephaly.

Extensive Giant Tuberous and Tendon Xanthomas in a 48-year-old Gentleman: A Case Report.

Introduction: Xanthomas are defined as benign lesions characterized by an accumulation of lipid-laden macrophages that develop in the cutis and subcutaneous tissue. Xanthomas are classified as eruptive, tuberous, tendinous, or planar depending on their location and clinical appearance. Co-existence of both tuberous and tendinous forms in an atypical large-sized pattern is a rarity and presented herewith.

Treatment of Femoral Neck Non-Union Using Bone Cell Therapy: A Case Report.

Introduction: Management of non-union and/or malunited fractures remains a challenge and achieving complete and permanent union with current standard of care is difficult. Treatments that can allow localized and accelerated three-dimensional bone formation can offer an encouraging outcome.

Case Report: We present a case of a middle-aged woman with femoral neck non-union, treated with a novel bone cell therapy.

The clinical utility and safety of short-course immune checkpoint inhibitors in multiple tumours-A real-world multicentric study from India.

The real-world data on short course of immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) use are sparse and merit exploration. A multicentric observational study on the safety and efficacy of ICI in oncology patients between August 2014 and October 2020 involves 1011 patients across 13 centers in India. The median age was 59 (min 16-max 98) years with male preponderance (77.

Role of Intraoperative Pathology Consultation by Imprint and Scrape Cytology in Soft Tissue Tumors and Tumor-Like Lesions.

Intraoperative pathologic consultation plays an essential role in therapeutic decision making, possibly avoiding under or overtreatment of the patient. Common indications for intraoperative consultation include obtaining a diagnosis in an unknown pathology, ruling out malignancy, confirming a provisional diagnosis, and assessing margin status. Fifty patients undergoing surgery for soft tissue tumors or tumor-like lesions were included in the present prospective study to evaluate the role of intraoperative pathologic consultation by imprint and scrape cytology.

Correlation of dual energy computed tomography electron density measurements with cerebral glioma grade.

Objective: To correlate dual energy computed tomography electron density measurements with histopathological cerebral glioma grading to determine whether it can be used as a non-invasive predictor of cerebral glioma grade.

Materials And Methods: Fifty patients with suspected cerebral gliomas on imaging scheduled to undergo resection were included. We tested our hypothesis that with increasing glioma grade, increased tumor cellularity should translate into increased electron density and if a statistically significant difference between electron density of low-grade gliomas and high-grade gliomas is seen, we may have a clinical use of dual energy computed tomography as a non-invasive tool to predict cerebral glioma grade.