Dental Rehabilitation After Microvascular Reconstruction of Segmental Jaw Defects: A Ten-Year Follow-Up.

: Defects in maxillary and mandibular continuity are common in maxillofacial practice. They can occur after trauma, osteonecrosis, congenital jaw deformities, or surgical resection of benign or malignant tumours. Reconstruction with microvascular bone flaps and subsequent prosthetic rehabilitation is considered the contemporary first line treatment.

Three-Dimensional Planning for Vascularized Bone Grafts: Implementation and Surgical Application for Complex Bone Reconstruction in the Hand and Forearm.

Vascularized bone grafts have been successfully established for complex bone defects. The integration of three-dimensional (3D) simulation and printing technology may aid in more precise surgical planning and intraoperative bone shaping. The purpose of the present study was to describe the implementation and surgical application of this innovative technology for bone reconstruction.

Risk Factor Analysis of Ski and Snowboard Injuries During the 2023/2024 Winter Season: A Single, High-Volume Trauma Center Database Analysis.

The objective of the study was to evaluate the epidemiology of slope-related accidents in a high-volume trauma center during the winter season. In addition, this study aims to analyze patient-related, equipment-related, and environment-related characteristics. A questionnaire containing 22 items was distributed to all adult patients admitted to the emergency department of the Brixen Hospital (Italy) during the 2023/24 winter season because of a ski/snowboard-related injury.

Epidemiological Characteristics and Prognostic Scoring in Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis and Stevens-Johnson Syndrome: Insights from a 17-Year Burn Center Experience.

: Toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN) and Stevens-Johnson syndrome (SJS) are rare yet life-threatening dermatologic conditions characterized by severe skin and mucous membrane involvement. Accurate prognostic systems are crucial for clinical management to assess disease severity and predict outcomes. The primary objective of this study was to assess the epidemiological characteristics and clinical outcomes of patients with Stevens-Johnson syndrome (SJS), toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN), and SJS/TEN overlap over a 17-year period at a specialized burn center.

Intrathecal Immunoglobulin A Synthesis in Multiple Sclerosis: From Biological Aspects to Clinical Relevance.

Intrathecal immunoglobulin A (IgA) synthesis in multiple sclerosis (MS) has long earned little attention, despite a potential significance in disease pathogenesis and prognosis. The presence of IgA-positive plasma cells in MS lesions and along damaged axons suggests a role in disease pathogenesis. Available clinical evidence about a potential positive or negative prognostic role is scarce and inconclusive.

Does Total Neoadjuvant Therapy Impact Surgical Precision in Total Mesorectal Excision? A Nationwide Survey of the Experiences of Expert Surgeons.

Background: The treatment of locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC) has steadily progressed over the past four decades, with recent focus shifting towards total neoadjuvant therapy (TNT). This survey aims to elucidate the perceived surgical challenges faced by Austrian colorectal surgeons performing total mesorectal excision (TME), focusing on the increased complexity and surgical difficulty introduced by intensified treatment regimens.

Methods: A comprehensive survey was conducted among Austrian colorectal surgeons to explore various aspects of managing and performing TME following TNT.

Frontal Plane Knee Kinematics and Kinetics During Gait in Children and Youth with Achondroplasia-Correspondence with Static X-Ray Images and Relevance to Symptoms.

: Frontal knee malalignments are hallmarks of Achondroplasia (ACH), along with disproportional short stature. Typically, X-rays are used to assess them, but 3D gait analysis (3DGA) may additionally be used to evaluate dynamic knee function. The research questions were as follows: (1) What is the relationship between X-rays and 3DGA in ACH? (2) Do children with ACH have abnormal frontal knee kinematics and kinetics? (3) Are there aspects of 3DGA that relate to knee symptoms? : A total of 62 knees of 31 children with ACH (age: 11.

Parental perception of treatment options for mucopolysaccharidosis: a survey to bridge the gap for personalized medicine.

Background: Mucopolysaccharidosis (MPS) are a group of lysosomal storage diseases with substantial unmet medical needs-for both patients and caregivers. Approved therapies are limited, and the perception of investigative ones remains enigmatic.

Method: Using an innovative survey concept based on the discrete choice experiment method (DEC) with neuronopathic and non-neuronopathic patient scenarios, we aimed to evaluate how parents of children with MPS perceive different approved and innovative therapies.

Diagnostic Value of Gastrin-Releasing Peptide Receptor-Targeted PET Imaging in Oncology: A Systematic Review.

Gastrin-releasing peptide receptor (GRPR), overexpressed in various cancers, is a promising target for positron emission tomography (PET). This systematic review investigated the diagnostic value of GRPR-targeted PET imaging in oncology. A systematic search was conducted on major medical databases until May 23, 2024.

Clinical outcomes of patients with unsuccessful mechanical thrombectomy versus best medical management of medium vessel occlusion stroke in the middle cerebral artery territory.

Background: Current randomized controlled trials are investigating the efficacy and safety of mechanical thrombectomy (MT) in patients with medium vessel occlusion (MeVO) stroke. Whether best medical management (MM) is more efficient than unsuccessful vessel recanalization during MT remains unknown.

Methods: This was a retrospective cohort study using data from 37 academic centers across North America, Asia, and Europe between September 2017 and July 2021.

[Ergonomic Load on the Surgical Team during Open, Laparoscopic and Robot-assisted Surgical Procedures].

The aim of this work is to investigate the ergonomic load on the surgical team during open, laparoscopic and robot-assisted surgical procedures.Employees of the Salzburg State Hospitals (SALK) were invited to take part in a standardised online survey in December 2023. The extent and differences in psychophysical stress for the individual professional groups and specialists were examined for different surgical procedures.

Aberrant auditory prediction patterns robustly characterize tinnitus.

Phantom perceptions like tinnitus occur without any identifiable environmental or bodily source. The mechanisms and key drivers behind tinnitus are poorly understood. The dominant framework, suggesting that tinnitus results from neural hyperactivity in the auditory pathway following hearing damage, has been difficult to investigate in humans and has reached explanatory limits.

Randomised In Vitro Study Investigating PEEP-Stability During Application of CPAP With Binasal Prongs and Face Masks.

Aim: Face masks and binasal prongs are commonly used interfaces for applying continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) in neonatology. We aimed to assess CPAP stability in a randomised controlled in vitro study.

Methods: In a simulated resuscitation scenario of a 1000-g preterm infant with respiratory distress, 20 operators (10 with/without neonatology experience) aimed to maintain a CPAP of 5 cmHO as precisely as possible using face masks or binasal prongs in random order.

Repurposing diacerein for the treatment of chronic wounds in recessive-dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa patients by modulating matrix metalloproteinase-9 expression.

Recessive dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa (RDEB) is caused by mutations in COL7A1, leading to loss or dysfunction of type-VII collagen (C7), a protein essential for skin stability. Clinically, patients suffer from severe skin blistering, chronic or recurrent wounds, and scarring, which predispose to early onset of aggressive squamous cell carcinoma. Previous studies showed that RDEB-keratinocytes (RDEB-KC) express high levels of matrix-metalloproteinase 9 (MMP-9), a molecule known to play a crucial role in wound chronification if dysregulated.

Metformin intake and risk of metabolic acidosis after radical cystectomy with urinary diversion: A comparative study using data from the TriNetX research network.

Purpose: To investigate the association of diabetes mellitus and metformin use with metabolic acidosis risk after radical cystectomy (RC) and urinary diversion for bladder cancer.

Materials And Methods: This retrospective cohort study used TriNetX Research Network data. Patients undergoing RC with continent diversion or ileal conduit for bladder cancer were identified using International Classification of Diseases, 10th Revision (ICD-10) and ICD-10 Procedure Coding System (ICD-10-PCS) codes.

Philanthropic drug development: understanding its importance, mechanisms, and future prospects.

Philanthropic drug development (PDD) addresses gaps in traditional pharmaceutical innovation, particularly for rare and underserved diseases. Cost and timeline challenges discourage new investments, especially in niche therapeutic areas. Patient organizations (POs) are uniquely positioned to help to reduce development challenges by providing expertise, supporting early research, fostering collaborations, and driving patient-centered clinical trials.

Evaluating the potential of Kalanchoe pinnata, Piper amalago amalago, and other botanicals as economical insecticidal synergists against Anopheles gambiae.

Background: Synergists reduce insecticide metabolism in mosquitoes by competing with insecticides for the active sites of metabolic enzymes, such as cytochrome P450s (CYPs). This increases the availability of the insecticide at its specific target site. The combination of both insecticides and synergists increases the toxicity of the mixture.

Interpretation of Viscoelastic Hemostatic Assays in Cardiac Surgery Patients: Importance of Clinical Context.

Background: Rotational thromboelastometry (ROTEM) is widely used for point-of-care coagulation testing to reduce blood transfusions. Accurate interpretation of ROTEM data is crucial and requires substantial training. This study investigates the inter- and intrarater reliability of ROTEM interpretation among experts and compares their interpretations with a ROTEM-guided algorithm.

The importance of preclinical models for cholangiocarcinoma drug discovery.

Introduction: Biliary tract cancer (BTC) comprises a clinically diverse and genetically heterogeneous group of tumors along the intra- and extrahepatic biliary system (intrahepatic and extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma) and gallbladder cancer with the common feature of a poor prognosis, despite increasing molecular knowledge of associated genetic aberrations and possible targeted therapies. Therefore, the search for even more precise and individualized therapies is ongoing and preclinical tumor models are central to the development of such new approaches.

Areas Covered: The models described in the current review include simple and advanced in vitro and in vivo models, including cell lines, 2D monolayer, spheroid and organoid cultures, 3D bioprinting, patient-derived xenografts, and more recently, machine-perfusion platform-based models of resected liver specimens.

Case report: Reversible splenial lesion syndrome preceding the onset of multiple sclerosis.

Background: The reversible splenial lesion syndrome is frequently associated with systemic and central nervous system infections. Whether an infection associated with the occurrence of the reversible splenial lesion syndrome could play a role in the later development of multiple sclerosis is unknown.

Methods: Case Report.

Compromised Nipple-Areola Complex Perfusion after Reduction Mammaplasty or Mastopexy: A Retrospective Evaluation of Different Treatments.

Background: Necrosis of the nipple-areolar complex (NAC) is a rare but devastating complication after reduction mammaplasty or mastopexy. Various approaches for improving compromised perfusion of the NAC have been described. However, detailed data on this topic in the literature is still scarce.

Memory's forgotten process: What happened to the man on the bus?

Neuroscience has examined the brain processes of recognizing and identifying a known person. But the process of integrating the representation of a temporarily unrecognised person with the representation of the familiar person is not yet known (e.g.

Meta-analyses of the effects of high-intensity interval training in elite athletes-part I: mean effects on various performance measures.

Introduction: Meta-analysts have found that high-intensity interval training (HIIT) improves physical performance, but limited evidence exists regarding its effects on highly trained athletes, measures beyond maximum oxygen uptake ( O), and the moderating effects of different types of HIIT. In this study, we present meta-analyses of the effects of HIIT focusing on these deficits.

Methods: The effects of 6 types of HIIT and other moderators were derived from 34 studies involving highly trained endurance and elite athletes in percent units via log-transformation from separate meta-regression mixed models for sprint, time-trial, aerobic/anaerobic threshold, peak speed/power, repeated-sprint ability, O, and exercise economy.