[Clinical aspects and histopathology of caruncular tumors].

Background: Histologically the lacrimal caruncle represents a transition zone between the conjunctiva and the skin containing cutaneous, conjunctival and lacrimal elements. This accounts for a variety of histopathological changes.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective study on the histopathological findings of 65 caruncular lesions which were referred for excisional biopsy between 1974 and 1995 to the Department of Ophthalmology at the University of Heidelberg.

Accuracy of clinical diagnosis of cutaneous eyelid lesions.

Purpose: Previous studies of cutaneous eyelid lesions have been retrospective using multiple contributing surgeons. The purpose of this study was to determine prospectively the accuracy of the clinical diagnosis of benign, premalignant, and malignant cutaneous eyelid lesions and to determine if all clinical diagnoses require histopathologic confirmation, or if an experienced clinician can reliably distinguish benign from malignant lesions on the basis of history and clinical examination alone.

Methods: This prospective study was conducted between January 1988 and January 1995.

[The experimental pathology and clinical treatment of microwave tissue coagulation for ocular superficial lesions].

Objective: To investigate the therapeutic effect of a new therapy, microwave tissue coagulation (MTC), for treatment of ocular diseases.

Methods: HSE-5M Mircotaze (manufactured by HEIWA Electronic Industrial Co. Osaka, Japan) was used for the treatment of sixty-four cases with ocular superficial lesions.

[Histopathological classification of 3,510 cases with eyelid tumor].

Objective: To study the histopathological classification of eyelid tumor.

Method: The pathological specimens of 3,510 cases with eyelid tumor examined between 1953-1992 were retrospectively analyzed. RESULTS The 5 leading malignant lid tumors were basal cell carcinomas (430 cases, 37.

Tumours of eyelid: a clinicopathologic study.

A retrospective study of 207 cases of eyelid tumours and tumour like lesions, diagnosed histopathologically, was carried out for the period 1957 to 1991. There was a slight preponderance of males as the male/female ratio was 1.3:1.

An epornitic of avian pox in houbara bustards (Chlamydotis undulata macqueenii).

An epornitic of avian pox occurred in a flock of 123 houbara bustards (Chlamydotis undulata macqueenii) received at the Sulman Falcon Hospital in the State of Bahrain in February 1993. Birds displayed conjunctivitis, excessive lacrimation and papilloma-like growths forming amorphous clusters on the third eyelid and on the conjunctiva. Examination of eyelid samples under transmission electron microscopy revealed pox virus particles displaying the classical morphology of vaccinia-avipox virions.

HPV type 16 in conjunctival and junctional papilloma, dysplasia, and squamous cell carcinoma.

Aims: To clarify the role of human papillomavirus (HPV) infection in the development of papilloma, dysplasia, squamous cell carcinoma, and basal cell epithelioma arising from the eyelids, including the tunica conjunctiva palpebrum (conjunctiva), its junction to epidemis of eyelid skin (junction), and eyelid skin.

Methods: Sixteen cases of papilloma, four of dysplasia, four of squamous cell carcinoma, and 12 of basal cell epithelioma were examined using formalin fixed and paraffin embedded samples. Detection of HPV-DNA was performed by PCR-RFLP and in situ hybridisation (ISH) methods.

Immunohistochemical localization of epidermal growth factor receptor and epithelial antigen in tumors of the human conjunctiva, eyelid, lacrimal gland, and orbit.

Background: Increased numbers of epidermal growth factor (EGF) receptors are observed in squamous cell carcinomas of human lung, head, neck, and cervix. We studied the presence of EGF receptors and epithelial antigen in some ophthalmic lesions.

Methods: Immunohistochemical staining for EGF receptors was assessed in tumors of human conjunctiva, eyelid, lacrimal glands, and orbit with monoclonal antibodies (EGF-R1 and clone 29.

[Differential diagnosis and prognosis of 112 excised epibulbar epithelial tumors].

Background: Epithelial tumors of the epibulbar conjunctiva are rare in northern Europe. There are no reliable clinical criteria to predict the histological nature of the lesion. Even histologically proven malignant tumors typically do not show ocular invasion or metastasis.

Lid lesions suspected of malignancy.

Background: This review describes four examples of lid lesions and their clinical or surgical management.

Methods: Close examination and careful observation of the lids and surrounding tissue is necessary for early detection and diagnosis of skin lesions. Although skin carcinomas around the lids are usually not life threatening, delayed diagnosis can lead to extensive surgical intervention and cosmetic reconstruction.

[Laser therapy of eyelid and conjunctival tumors, especially in AIDS patients].

We treated patients with Kaposi's sarcoma of the lid or conjunctiva, molluscum contagiosum and papilloma of the lid with dye laser photocoagulation. This therapeutic device is extremely efficient as the chosen wavelength of 577 nm is absorbed selectively by haemoglobin. Since Kaposi's sarcoma is a haemoglobin-containing tumour composed of endothelial cells and papilloma is a benign tumour composed of connective tissue and branching vessels, dye laser photocoagulation causes selective damage to abnormal vessels and surrounding connective tissue.

The conjunctival wart: report of a case and review of treatment options.

Human papillomavirus, a papovavirus, is the causative agent of all warts. There are at least 63 subtypes of this virus, certain ones of which are more likely to cause warts in particular locations or to be associated with malignancies. Over the last 6 years, HPV-6, HPV-11, and HPV-16 have been detected in both benign and malignant lesions of the conjunctiva.

[Use of the Ellmann Surgitron in eyelid and plastic surgery].

Background: The Ellman Surgitron is a new electrosurgical device with high frequencies (4 MHz) for special use in oculoplastic surgery. Four different operational functions are available: (1) cutting with minimal coagulation, (2) combined cutting and coagulation, (3) coagulation and (4) fulguration.

Methods: The Ellman Surgitron was used in plastic eyelid surgery (blepharoplasty of the upper lid) and in resection of tumors of the upper and lower lid.

[Orbital exenteration. A preventable course in tumor treatment?!].

We reviewed the conditions leading to the mutilating procedure of orbital exenteration in 24 patients at our institution between 1980 and 1993. In 17 cases, including 16 of 17 patients with malignant tumours of the eyelid, this operation could potentially have been avoided. Three of these 17 patients first saw a doctor at an extremely advanced and otherwise untreatable stage of the tumour.

[Malignant nictitating membrane tumors in dogs and cats].

Tumours of the third eyelid in 47 dogs and five cats were examined histopathologically. The clinical observations leading to the tumour diagnosis are presented. The tumours were seen more frequently in the dachshund breed, the affected cats belonged to the European Short-hair breed.

Focal dermal hypoplasia.

Focal dermal hypoplasia is a rare developmental disorder affecting skin, eyes, teeth, and musculoskeletal system. Focal dermal hypoplasia is transmitted as an X-linked dominant disorder but rare male cases occur due to half chromatid mutations. We report on a male child with focal dermal hypoplasia with skin and eye defects.

Ocular fibropapillomas of green turtles (Chelonia mydas).

Histologic evaluation of four eyes from three stranded juvenile green turtles (Chelonia mydas) from Florida, USA revealed ocular fibropapillomas composed of an overlying hyperplastic epithelium, various amounts of a thickened, well vascularized, collagenous stroma, and a moderate-to-dense population of reactive fibroblasts. The histologic morphology of the ocular fibropapillomas varied depending on whether the eyelid, conjunctiva, limbus, or cornea was the primary site of tumor origin. Fibropapillomas arising from the limbus, conjunctiva, or eyelid tended to be polyploid or pedunculated with a high degree of arborization.

[Bilateral conjunctivo-palpebral tumor in an immunocompetent man cause by human papilloma virus].

A 46-year-old white male patient in good general health presented with a bilateral conjunctival and eyelid tumor and a wart at the tip of the fourth right finger. Impression cytology showed dysplasic cells with loss of cohesion and up to 4 nucleoli per nucleus. The excisional biopsy of the conjunctiva revealed a dysplasic epithelial tissue that allowed the diagnosis of papilloma with parts of conjunctival intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN).

Sebaceous gland carcinoma of the eyelid presenting as a conjunctival papilloma.

A 70-year-old man complained of the sensation of having a foreign body in his left eye in June 1992. A papillary tumor was found growing from the palpebral conjunctiva of the left upper eyelid. On June 30, the conjunctival tumor was excised: the histopathologic findings indicated a malignancy.

[Pilomatrixoma of the eyelids--clinical differential diagnosis and follow-up. Report of 17 patients].

Pilomatrixomas (benign epithelioma of Malherbe) are often located in the eyelid or eyebrow. Clinically the diagnosis is rarely made. Histologically, especially in partial biopsies, they can be confused with a basal cell carcinoma.

Targeted overexpression of transforming growth factor alpha in the epidermis of transgenic mice elicits hyperplasia, hyperkeratosis, and spontaneous, squamous papillomas.

To assess the effects of transforming growth factor alpha (TGF-alpha) on mammalian skin in vivo, we have targeted its expression to the epidermis of transgenic mice using a vector based on the human K1 (HK1) gene. Neonatal mice expressing the HK1.TGF-alpha transgene were often smaller than normal littermates and had precocious eyelid opening and wrinkled, scaly skin with diffuse alopecia.

Ocular neoplasia.

Except for two neoplasms, notably SCC and sarcoid, ocular and periocular tumors are uncommon in horses. The practitioner must accurately determine the type of tumor by histopathology so appropriate treatment and a legitimate prognosis can be offered. The first attempt at treatment has the greatest chance to result in a cure; an aggressive treatment regimen therefore should be selected from the start.

[An analysis of 12 cases of ocular acanthoma].

The series of 12 cases of acanthoma comprised 6 males and 6 females, aged 29-62 years, averaging 45 years. The duration of disease was 1-4 months, and the lesions were located on the upper lid (3 cases), the lower lid (4 cases), the inner canthus (1 case), the corneal limbus (2 cases), and the palpebral or bulbar conjunctiva (1 case each). 9 lesions grew to be masses, with central umbilication or ulceration in 3 cases each.

Blastomycosis of the eyelid and conjunctiva.

A 37-year-old man with a recurrent papillomatous lesion of the upper eyelid and four separate bulbar conjunctival ulcers was found to have North American blastomycosis. This represents the first reported case with conjunctival lesions that were not simply contiguous with eyelid involvement. This case underscores the importance of considering blastomycosis in the differential diagnosis of granulomatous conjunctivitis and when examining a lesion of the eyelid resembling a squamous cell carcinoma or atypical papilloma.