The effect of tumor downsizing on surgical complexity during nephrectomy after immune checkpoint inhibitors for metastatic renal cell carcinoma.

Purpose: Immune Checkpoints Inhibitors (ICI) have changed the therapeutic landscape of metastatic renal cell carcinoma first-line treatment with complete response (CR) at metastatic sites observed in 10 to 15% of cases. Delayed nephrectomy could be discussed for patients having a clinical benefit from immunotherapy-based treatment. However, it is unclear whether prior immunotherapy exposure adversely influences the complexity of surgery.

Ampullary composite gangliocytoma/neuroma and neuroendocrine tumor management.

Ampullary composite gangliocytoma/neuroma and neuroendocrine tumor (CoGNET), previously called ampullary gangliocytic paragangliomas (GP) are a rare entity, with only few reported cases in the literature. This is a multicentric retrospective cohort of patients treated with endoscopy or surgery for ampullary CoGNET. A literature review of ampullary CoGNET was also performed.

FLI1 and GATA1 govern transcription: new insights into FLI1-related platelet disorders.

Germline variants of FLI1, essential for megakaryopoiesis, are linked to bleeding disorders, platelet aggregation defects and mild thrombocytopenia. However, the mechanisms behind these abnormalities remain unclear. This study aims to elucidate the impact of FLI1 variants on human megakaryocytes and platelets.

Extracellular Optogenetics to Interrogate Unmodified Primary Cell Functions.

Optogenetics often requires genetic modification of the target cells to enable the expression of specific optogenetic tools, making it difficult to study primary cells in their native state. We have recently generated a fully extracellular optogenetic system for reversible light control of T cell receptor (TCR) activation on murine naïve T cells, a cell model that is very difficult to manipulate genetically. This molecular system is very versatile and can be easily modified to study different cell systems in different species.

A French Multicenter Real-Life Study on the Biological and Clinical Parameters Associated With Response to Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors (ICIs) in Second-Line Treatment of Advanced Urothelial Carcinoma: Impact of Antibiotics Administration at the Time of ICIs Initiation.

Background: After failure of first-line chemotherapy, standard of care for advanced urothelial cancer (aUC) is immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) targeting PD-1/PD-L1 pathway. Several prognostic models (Bajorin and Bellmunt scores) have been evaluated, but only in the context of chemotherapy.

Objective: To study whether the variables in these scores and new emerging clinical and biological criteria have an impact on the probability of objective response in aUC treated with ICIs in 2nd-line setting and beyond.

[Updates on hairy cell leukemia (HCL) and HCL-like disorders].

Hairy cell proliferations represent very different entities. They include hairy cell leukemia in its classic form (HCL), a well-defined entity, but also the variant form of HCL (LT-V ou HCL-V), whose presentation is far from HCL and whose prognosis is poorer. Other hairy cell proliferations include splenic red pulp lymphoma (SDRPL) and splenic marginal zone lymphomas (SMZL) with circulating villous cells.

Short- and long-term impact of the TaTME learning process: a single institutional study.

Background: Transanal total mesorectal excision (TaTME) is a promising and innovative approach for lower rectal cancer but requires high technical skill and learning process that can affect patient outcomes. We aimed to determine the learning curve of TaTME and then to assess its impact on 5-year oncologic outcomes.

Methods: Over a 54-month period, 94 patients underwent TaTME by experienced laparoscopic colorectal surgeons at our department.

[A 2024 inventory in oncology news].

The editorial board of the Bulletin du Cancer has compiled a summary of the news from 2024 in oncology, based on the main results presented at international congresses or published over the past year. After a year marked by the success of the Olympic Games, the selection of data is presented and discussed in podiums of three main results by topic. Emphasis is placed on studies that have an immediate impact on practice and on data that raise important questions for the year 2025.

Sex Disparities in Bladder Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment.

Gender differences in prevalence, tumor invasiveness, response to treatment, and clinical outcomes exist in different types of cancer. The aim of this article is to summarize the sex disparities in bladder cancer diagnosis and treatment and try to suggest areas for improvement. Although men are at a higher risk of developing bladder tumors, women tend to be diagnosed with more advanced stages at diagnosis and are more likely to present with upfront muscle-invasive disease.

Thermal Liquid Biopsy: A Promising Tool for the Differential Diagnosis of Pancreatic Cystic Lesions and Malignancy Detection.

Pancreatic cystic lesions (PCLs) are a heterogeneous group of lesions with increasing incidence, usually identified incidentally on imaging studies (multidetector computed tomography (MDCT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), or endoscopic ultrasound (EUS)) [...

Induction triplet chemotherapy in patients with rectal adenocarcinoma and synchronous metastases, an AGEO-FFCD study.

Aim Of The Study: The management of synchronous metastatic rectal cancer (SMRC) is complex and multimodal, involving chemotherapy, surgery and/or radiotherapy. The aim of this study was firstly to confirm the efficacy of the induction FOLFIRINOX, and secondly to evaluate the different therapeutic strategies and outcomes of patients.

Patients And Methods: This French study combined data from a prospective FFCD trial and a multicenter cohort.

Lig3-dependent rescue of mouse viability and DNA double-strand break repair by catalytically inactive Lig4.

Recent studies have revealed a structural role for DNA ligase 4 (Lig4) in the maintenance of a repair complex during non-homologous end joining (NHEJ) of DNA double-strand breaks. In cultured cell lines, catalytically inactive Lig4 can partially alleviate the severe DNA repair phenotypes observed in cells lacking Lig4. To study the structural role of Lig4 in vivo, a mouse strain harboring a point mutation to Lig4's catalytic site was generated.

Safety and quality of life with maintenance olaparib plus bevacizumab in older patients with ovarian cancer: subgroup analysis of PAOLA‑1/ENGOT-ov25.

Background: In PAOLA-1/ENGOT-ov25, the addition of olaparib to bevacizumab maintenance improved overall survival in patients with newly diagnosed advanced ovarian cancer. We describe the safety profile and quality of life (QoL) of this combination in older patients in PAOLA-1.

Methods: Safety (CTCAE v4.

Two-Stage Mayo Clinic Class IIIb Celiac Axis Resection for Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma: Stepwise Management.

Background: The National Comprehensive Cancer Network guidelines consider pancreatic cancer with celiac axis (CA), proper hepatic artery (PHA), and superior mesenteric artery (SMA) involvement unresectable. Thus, technical reports and video illustrations of these operations are rare. We report the stepwise management of multivascular reconstruction for Mayo Clinic class IIIb CA resections at New York University Langone Health, a dedicated center of excellence in pancreatic surgery.

Primary retroperitoneal lymph node dissection in clinical stage 2a/b non-seminomatous germ cell tumour.

Objectives: To reassess the role of primary retroperitoneal lymph node dissection (RPLND) in patients with marker-negative non-seminomatous germ cell tumour (NSGCT) clinical stage (CS) 2a, to explore results in patients with CS 2b and to evaluate surgical methods, recurrence, and adjuvant chemotherapy indications.

Materials And Methods: Data from 17 institutions were collected, comprising 305 men who underwent primary RPLND for CS 2 NSGCT. Regression analyses were conducted to predict histology in the RPLND specimen and disease-free survival (DFS).

Separable roles of the DNA damage response kinase Mec1ATR and its activator Rad24RAD17 during meiotic recombination.

During meiosis, programmed DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) are formed by the topoisomerase-like enzyme, Spo11, activating the DNA damage response (DDR) kinase Mec1ATR via the checkpoint clamp loader, Rad24RAD17. At single loci, loss of Mec1 and Rad24 activity alters DSB formation and recombination outcome, but their genome-wide roles have not been examined in detail. Here, we utilise two strategies-deletion of the mismatch repair protein, Msh2, and control of meiotic prophase length via regulation of the Ndt80 transcription factor-to help characterise the roles Mec1 and Rad24 play in meiotic recombination by enabling genome-wide mapping of meiotic progeny.

Impact of obesity on outcomes following surgery for gastric adenocarcinoma: A European multi-institutional study.

Introduction: The impact of overweight and obesity on pathological outcomes, complications, and oncologic outcomes following surgery for gastric adenocarcinoma has been poorly reported in Western populations. This study aimed to better understand the impact of overweight and obesity on both surgical and oncological outcomes in patients who underwent surgery for gastric cancer.

Methods: Data were retrospectively collected from a multi-institutional European database.

Endoscopic papillectomy versus surgical ampullectomy for adenomas and early cancers of the papilla: a retrospective Pancreas2000/European Pancreatic Club analysis.

Objective: Ampullary neoplastic lesions can be resected by endoscopic papillectomy (EP) or transduodenal surgical ampullectomy (TSA) while pancreaticoduodenectomy is reserved for more advanced lesions. We present the largest retrospective comparative study analysing EP and TSA.

Design: Of all patients in the database, lesions with prior interventions, benign histology advanced malignancy (T2 and more), patients with hereditary syndromes and those undergoing pancreatoduodenectomy were excluded.

Communicative health literacy and associated variables in nine European countries: results from the HLS survey.

Our study aimed to report on variables associated with communicative health literacy (COM-HL) in European adults. The HLS survey was conducted in 2019-2021 including nine countries which measured COM-HL by using a validated questionnaire (HLS-COM-P-Q6 with a score ranging from 0 to 100). Linear regression models were used to study variables associated with COM-HL globally (multilevel model with random intercepts and slopes and at country level) and in each country.

Development and validation of the Normalized Organoid Growth Rate (NOGR) metric in brightfield imaging-based assays.

This study focuses on refining growth-rate-based drug response metrics for patient-derived tumor organoid screening using brightfield live-cell imaging. Traditional metrics like Normalized Growth Rate Inhibition (GR) and Normalized Drug Response (NDR) have been used to assess organoid responses to anticancer treatments but face limitations in accurately quantifying cytostatic and cytotoxic effects across varying growth rates. Here, we introduce the Normalized Organoid Growth Rate (NOGR) metric, specifically developed for brightfield imaging-based assays.

Cyclophostin and Cyclipostins analogues counteract macrolide-induced resistance mediated by erm(41) in Mycobacterium abscessus.

Background: Mycobacterium abscessus is an emerging pathogen causing severe pulmonary infections, particularly in individuals with underlying conditions, such as cystic fibrosis or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Macrolides, such as clarithromycin (CLR) or azithromycin (AZM), represent the cornerstone of antibiotherapy against the M. abscessus species.