Enhancing intraoral radiographic technique: introducing "Nallan's Lines".

Background: Intraoral radiography remains the most widely employed dental radiographic technique for producing geometrically accurate images with minimal distortion and magnification. Despite its common use in the dental office, incorrect projection geometry can be challenging leading to image distortions. To mitigate these inaccuracies specific radiographic landmarks on the face are utilized during periapical radiography.

Comparative Analysis of Braces and Aligners: Long-Term Orthodontic Outcomes.

Objectives: The purpose of this retrospective study was to evaluate the long-term results of orthodontic treatment with traditional braces and Invisalign, with a particular emphasis on treatment length, patient satisfaction, correction of malocclusion, and long-term stability.

Methods: Between 2020 and 2022, individuals who had orthodontic treatment at a tertiary care center had their data analysed. Patients with mild to severe malocclusions treated with conventional braces or Invisalign between the ages of 12 and 18 met the inclusion criteria.

Evaluation of Pain and Discomfort Associated with Orthodontic Adjustments.

Background: Orthodontic treatment is commonly associated with pain and discomfort, impacting patient experience and treatment compliance. Understanding the factors influencing pain perception is crucial for improving pain management strategies during orthodontic adjustments.

Methods: Pain levels were assessed using a " (VAS)" before and after each adjustment session.

Evaluation of Bond Strength and Adhesive Remnant Index of Different Lingual Retainers in Human Incisor Teeth.

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate and compare the bond strengths of four different lingual retainers and assess the adhesive remnant index (ARI) to determine their effectiveness in orthodontic retention.

Methodology: Eighty human incisor teeth were divided into four groups, with each group bonded using a different retainer: Group 1 (E-Glass retainer), Group 2 (0.017" Co-axial stainless steel wire), Group 3 (Splint C.

An In Vitro Evaluation of Morinda citrifolia and Ocimum sanctum as Potential Storage Media to Maintain Cell Viability for Avulsed Teeth Using Collagenase Dispase Assay.

Aim This study aimed to evaluate the protective effects of extract and juice on human periodontal ligament (PDL) cells after the reimplantation of avulsed teeth using a collagenase-dispase test. Materials and methods Sixty-five human premolars, all of which would eventually need to be extracted, were split into three experimental groups: one treated with Hanks Balanced Salt Solution, another with Morinda citrifolia juice and Ocimum sanctum extract, and two control groups (positive and negative).There were 10 teeth in each control group and 15 teeth each were used in the experimental groups, with the first 30 minutes spent dry before being submerged in one of three experimental media for 45 minutes, followed by 30 minutes of treatment with collagenase and dispase II.

Diabetes and prediabetes prevalence among young and middle-aged adults in India, with an analysis of geographic differences: findings from the National Family Health Survey.

Objectives: This study aimed to approximate the prevalence of hyperglycemia in India.

Methods: The study was conducted using the Demographic and Health Survey 2015-16 (also known as the National Family Health Survey-4), which surveyed 811,808 individuals using a stratified, multistage, cluster sampling design. This cross-sectional survey recorded socio-demographic and anthropometric data, including blood glucose levels, of adults aged 18 years to 54 years.

Endodontic management of invasive cervical resorption: Report of two cases.

Invasive cervical resorption of the tooth is a relatively rare and uncommon phenomenon where the etiology remains idiopathic and unclear, and if not treated may lead to ultimate loss of tooth structure. Advancements in digital imaging have made the clinician to diagnose the pathological changes with great precision. Proper diagnosis and management of this condition is key to the successful outcome.

An Unexpected Encounter with Foreign Body in the Primary Teeth and Its Management.

Clinicians may come across strange situations when they accidentally notice foreign bodies in the root canals of the teeth. This foreign body entrapment is more common in children because of the habit of placing various objects into the tooth, particularly in the cases of open carious lesions. Sometimes, these foreign objects may act as an impending source for pain and infection.

Importance and Potential of Dentists in Identifying Patients at High Risk of Diabetes.

Objectives: The study was conducted to assess the utilization of medical and dental services by dental patients at two dental school hospitals and to approximate the number of patients having no known previous diagnosis of type 2 diabetes but are at high risk of acquiring it.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted at two dental school hospitals in India. A 20-item questionnaire was administered as interviews among the dental patients aged 35 to 55 years.

Endodontic Management of Radix Entomolaris in Second Molar.

The presence of radix entomolaris (RE) in a mandibular first molar is a common occurrence, which accounts for 0.2%-32% of the population, but the presence of RE in a mandibular second molar is a rare occurrence in our ethnic group. This presence of additional root can lead to difficulties during endodontic treatment.

A study on nutritional status and tooth crown size among 6-9-year-old children: An observational cross-sectional study.

Background: Numerous factors contribute to variation in tooth size. This is broadly described as genetic, epigenetic, and environmental factors. A strong genetic contribution has been shown, but environmental factors may also play a role.

Efficacy of Four Fluoride Mouth Rinses on in High Caries Risk Children - A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Introduction: Dental caries has been traditionally described as a multifactorial disease that involves the interaction of various factors like host, agent, substrate and time. Landmark studies have established the fact that Mutans Streptococci are the primary etiologic agents of dental caries. The prevention of dental caries by fluoride supplements in various vehicles, such as water and toothpaste, constitutes one of the most successful prevention measures.

A Questionnaire Cross-Sectional Study on Application of CBCT in Dental Postgraduate Students.

Background: CBCT is a new emerging imaging technique which uses a cone-shaped radiation beam that is centered on a 2D detector. It is now routinely evaluated for oral and para-oral disorders. It has been widely accepted in practice in radiology in academic and hospital settings and included in the curricula of some countries.

Age-related - oral manifestations and co-morbidities in human immunodeficiency virus-infected/acquired immune deficiency syndrome adults in Hyderabad, India.

Background: The objective of the study was to clinically evaluate age-related - oral manifestations and co-morbidities in different age groups of human immunodeficiency virus-infected/acquired immune deficiency syndrome adults.

Materials And Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 200 adult patients aged above 20 years at infectious diseases units, medical wards and ART centre of Gandhi Medical Hospital, Hyderabad. Oral manifestations were diagnosed according to the presumptive criteria of EC-Clearinghouse Classification, and clinical data were retrieved from patient's medical records.

Estimation of malignant transformation rate in cases of oral epithelial dysplasia and lichen planus using immunohistochemical expression of Ki-67, p53, BCL-2, and BAX markers.

Background: The issue of a possible malignant transformation in the lesions like epithelial dysplasia and oral lichen planus (OLP) is a matter of serious controversy. The purpose of this study was to suggest the malignant transformation rate in OLP and oral epithelial dysplasia (OED) by using immunohistochemical expression of the tumor markers Ki-67, p53, BCL-2, and BAX.

Materials And Methods: This was a cross-sectional study carried out among 70 samples, including 10 samples from normal healthy mucosa categorized into Group 1, Group 2 (30 OLP), and Group 3 (30 OED) samples.

Evaluation and Comparison of Changes in Microhardness of Primary and Permanent Enamel on Exposure to Acidic Center-filled Chewing Gum: An in vitro Study.

Objectives: The study is to evaluate changes in microhardness of enamel after exposure to acidic center filled chewing gum on primary and permanent teeth.

Methods: Thirty primary and 30 permanent molar extracted teeth were painted with acid resistant varnish except a small window over buccal surface. Teeth were divided into four groups according to type of teeth and type of chewing gum (Center fresh and Bubbaloo) (D1, P1, D2 and P2); each tooth was exposed to whole chewing gum mashed with 5 ml of artificial saliva for five minutes at room temperature twice a day for 5 days.

Aggressive extranodal peripheral T-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma: A rare case report and review.

Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) is primarily a disorder of lymph nodes, when limited primarily to extranodal sites it is referred to as primary extranodal lymphoma and accounts for 24-48% of all cases of NHL. The development of peripheral T-cell lymphoma is poorly understood and is thought to be associated with effector T cells involving chromosomal translocations. It has been suggested by few authors that the continued increased risk for NHL among highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART)-treated human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected persons may be a reflection of incomplete immune reconstitution and possibly a chronic state of B-cell hyperactivation.

Reattachment of coronal tooth fragment: regaining back to normal.

Dental trauma is such a situation wherein the patient is affected both socially and psychologically. During their first dental visit, these patients with trauma are in pain and need emergency treatment. Such patients are quite apprehensive because of impaired functions, esthetics, and phonetics.

Impacted canines: Etiology, diagnosis, and orthodontic management.

Impaction of maxillary and mandibular canines is a frequently encountered clinical problem, the treatment of which usually requires an interdisciplinary approach. Surgical exposure of the impacted tooth and the complex orthodontic mechanisms that are applied to align the tooth into the arch may lead to varying amounts of damage to the supporting structures of the tooth, not to mention the long treatment duration and the financial burden to the patient. Hence, it seems worthwhile to focus on the means of early diagnosis and interception of this clinical situation.

Papillon-lefevre syndrome: a combined approach from the dermatologist and dentist - a clinical presentation.

Papillon-Lefevre syndrome (PLS) is a rare disease characterized by skin lesions, which includes palmar-plantar hyperkeratosis and hyperhidrosis with severe periodontal destruction involving both the primary and the permanent dentitions. It is transmitted as an autosomal-recessive condition, and consanguinity of parents is evident in about one-third of the cases. This paper describes a 13-year-old male patient who presented to the department of pedodontics, with rapidly progressing periodontitis.

Evaluation of bacterial spectrum of orofacial infections and their antibiotic susceptibility.

Introduction: The inappropriate use of antibiotics has contributed to a worldwide problem of antimicrobial resistance. The objective of present study is to assess the most common microorganisms causing orofacial infections and their antimicrobial susceptibility to routinely used antibiotics in this part of India.

Materials And Methods: Sixty eight patients with orofacial infection were selected on the basis of a series of predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria.