LASP1 inhibits the formation of NETs and alleviates acute pancreatitis by stabilizing F-actin polymerization in neutrophils.

Background: Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) play a significant role in the development of acute pancreatitis (AP). The actin-binding protein LASP1 regulates proteins associated with the cytoskeleton, yet its precise involvement in NETs and AP remains to be elucidated.

Methods: To investigate the role of LASP1 in NETs and AP, several bioinformatics methods, such as weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA), differential analysis, and least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression, were utilized to screen for feature genes based on the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) dataset.

Update on Autoimmune Pancreatitis and IgG4-Related Disease.

Autoimmune pancreatitis is an increasingly recognized inflammatory type of subacute pancreatitis; two subtypes of autoimmune pancreatitis have been identified so far: the "lymphoplasmacytic" type 1 variant and the "neutrophilic" type 2 variant. Type 1 autoimmune pancreatitis represents the most common manifestation of IgG4-related disease, a fibro-inflammatory disorder characterized by elevated IgG4 levels in the serum and affected tissues. Type 2 autoimmune pancreatitis is a pancreas-specific disorder that frequently occurs in the context of inflammatory bowel diseases.

What is the role of parenteral nutrition in the management of the patient with severe acute pancreatitis?

Severe acute pancreatitis often presents as a complex critical illness associated with a high rate of infectious morbidity, multiple organ failure, and in-hospital mortality. Breakdown of gut barrier defenses, dysbiosis of intestinal microbiota, and exaggerated immune responses dictate that early enteral nutrition (EN) is preferred over parenteral nutrition (PN) as the primary route of nutrition therapy. EN, however, is not feasible in all cases because of intolerance, risk of complications, or a direct contraindication to enteral feeding.

Timely Application of Plasma Exchange to Correct Acute Pancreatitis Related to Serum Triglyceride Levels: A Report of 6 Cases and a Literature Review.

BACKGROUND Hypertriglyceridemia (HTG) is associated with circulating free fatty acids that can cause acute pancreatitis. Therapeutic plasma exchange (TPE) is a rapid and effective method of reducing triglyceride levels. This case series presents 6 cases of acute pancreatitis associated with hypertriglyceridemia with a rapid response to therapeutic plasma exchange.

Conjugated bile acids alleviate acute pancreatitis through inhibition of TGR5 and NLRP3 mediated inflammation.

Introduction: Severe acute pancreatitis (SAP) is a crucial gastrointestinal disease characterized by systemic inflammatory responses and persistent multiple organ failure. The role of bile acids (BAs) in diverse inflammatory diseases is increasingly recognized as crucial, but the underlying role of BA conjugation remains elusive.

Objectives: Our study aim to investigate the potential role of conjugated bile acids in SAP and reveal the molecular mechanisms underlying its regulatory effects.

Emergency cholecystectomy: risk factors and impact of delay on electively booked patients, a 5-year experience of a tertiary care center.

Background: Gallstone disease is one of the most resource-intensive surgical conditions. Despite the significant burden of emergency cholecystectomy on healthcare system, there is lack of research assessing the risk factors predisposing scheduled elective cholecystectomy patients to emergency surgery. Characterization of patients with gallstones helps to prioritize delivery of health care to avoid urgent surgery.

Mitochondrial uncoupling protein 2: a central player in pancreatic disease pathophysiology.

Pancreatic diseases pose considerable health challenges due to their complex etiology and limited therapeutic options. Mitochondrial uncoupling protein 2 (UCP2), highly expressed in pancreatic tissue, participates in numerous physiological processes and signaling pathways, indicating its potential relevance in these diseases. Despite this, UCP2's role in acute pancreatitis (AP) remains underexplored, and its functions in chronic pancreatitis (CP) and pancreatic steatosis are largely unknown.

Incidental pancreatic cystic lesions: retrospective analysis of natural history and efficacy of imaging surveillance guidelines.

Objectives: To assess the natural history of incidental pancreatic cystic lesions (PCLs) and the sensitivity of surveillance guidelines to detect malignancy.

Materials And Methods: We performed a single-center retrospective analysis of incidental PCLs discovered between 2012 and 2017. Patients were identified by searching radiology reports for relevant keywords, then search results were manually reviewed to exclude patients with < 5 years of follow-up, non-incidental PCLs, known pancreatic cancer, or pancreatitis.

Pancreaticopleural fistula causing recurrent bilateral pleural effusions: A case report.

Rationale: Pancreaticopleural fistula (PPF) is an infrequent etiology of pleural effusion, characterized by nonspecific thoracic symptoms, which often leads to misdiagnosis and subsequent severe complications. Consequently, early diagnosis is crucial for effective management and the prevention of adverse outcomes. This report presents a rare case of PPF causing bilateral pleural effusions, aiming to enhance clinical recognition of this condition.

Intra-abdominal Hypertension Is a Strong Predictor of Mortality and Poor Clinical Outcome in Severe Acute Pancreatitis.

Background: Acute pancreatitis is one of the leading causes of mortality and morbidity. Most acute pancreatitis scoring systems have no pathophysiologic basis when evaluating severity. Such a limitation led to an interest in measuring intra-abdominal pressure (IAP) as a method to predict outcomes in patients with acute pancreatitis.

Exosomes of different cellular origins: prospects and challenges in the treatment of acute lung injury after burns.

Acute lung injury (ALI) is a critical clinical disease caused by direct factors (inhalation injury, gastroesophageal reflux, ) or indirect factors (including infection, sepsis, burn, shock, trauma, acute pancreatitis, fat embolism, drug overdose, ). ALI is characterized mainly by diffuse interstitial and alveolar edema caused by an uncontrolled inflammatory response and damage to the alveoli-capillary barrier and has very high morbidity and mortality rates. Currently, there is no effective treatment strategy other than mechanical ventilation, fluid management or other supportive treatments.

Chronic and Idiopathic Pancreatitis-A Personalized Treatment Approach.

Chronic pancreatitis is a fibroinflammatory disease of the pancreas with heterogeneous clinical features and a significant socioeconomic burden. Assessing its aetiology and early diagnosis of associated complications remain challenging. Personalized therapy necessitates precise knowledge of the genetic, biological, and clinical differences within a patient population.

The impossible abdomen in a complex patient: treatment with novosorb biodegradable temporizing matrix (BTM) for frozen abdomen with entero-atmospheric fistula.

Managing patients with severe fixation of intra-abdominal contents, known as frozen abdomen, often creates a vicious cycle of tissue injury that further prolongs open abdomen resolution. We share the management course of a 28-year-old male status post motor vehicle accident with traumatic pancreatitis and complex liver injury. Following multiple laparotomies for abdominal wash out, he developed a frozen abdomen and an entero-atmospheric fistula (EAF) through granulated bowel.

Mood instability and risk of gastrointestinal diseases - a univariable and multivariable mendelian randomization study.

Background: Mood instability, characterized by sudden and unpredictable mood shifts, is prevalent in psychiatric disorders and as a personality trait. Its association with gastrointestinal diseases has been recognized but remains poorly understood in terms of causality.

Methods: This study aims to investigate the causal relationship between mood instability and a spectrum of gastrointestinal diseases by univariable and multivariable mendelian randomization analysis.

Mass-forming type 2 autoimmune pancreatitis with upstream dilatation of the main pancreatic duct dilatation: a case report.

Background: Type 2 autoimmune pancreatitis is characterized by multiple or segmental strictures of the main pancreatic duct without upstream dilatation. We encountered a case of mass-forming type 2 autoimmune pancreatitis with upstream main pancreatic duct dilatation that was difficult to diagnose preoperatively using endoscopic ultrasound sonography-guided fine-needle aspiration cytology.

Case Presentation: A 58-year-old Japanese man presented with recurrent acute pancreatitis secondary to a 10-mm pancreatic head tumor.

Mimics of pancreatic neoplasms at cross-sectional imaging: Pearls for characterization and diagnostic work-up.

Interpreting imaging examinations of the pancreas can be a challenge. Several different entities can mimic or mask pancreatic neoplasms, including normal anatomic variants, non-pancreatic lesions, and both acute and chronic pancreatitis. It is important to distinguish these entities from pancreatic neoplasms, as the management and prognosis of a pancreatic neoplasm, particularly adenocarcinoma, have considerable impact on patients.

Biomarker Discovery for Early Detection of Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma (PDAC) Using Multiplex Proteomics Technology.

Early detection of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) can improve survival but is hampered by the absence of early disease symptoms. Imaging remains key for surveillance but is cumbersome and may lack sensitivity to detect small tumors. CA19-9, the only FDA-approved blood biomarker for PDAC, is insufficiently sensitive and specific to be recommended for surveillance.

Temporal trends in gender, etiology, severity and outcomes of acute pancreatitis in a third-tier Chinese city from 2013 to 2021.

Background: To evaluate temporal trends in gender, etiology, severity, outcomes, cost and median length of stay (MLS) in patients with acute pancreatitis (AP) in a third-tier Chinese city.

Methods: Patients with AP admitted to a university hospital between January 2013 and December 2021. Relationships between etiology, prevalence of severe acute pancreatitis (SAP) and survey years were investigated by joinpoint regression analysis.

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and clinical features of different parts of the pancreas involved in acute pancreatitis: a cross-sectional study.

Background: Patients with acute pancreatitis (AP) have different sites of pancreatic involvement. The aim of this study was to investigate the differences in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings and clinical features of different sites of involvement (subtypes) in AP, with a view to complement and complete the classification of AP based on anatomical imaging features.

Methods: We consecutively collected data from inpatients with AP from January 2018 to October 2022 at a tertiary care hospital.

[Construction and validation of a prediction model for prolonged hospitalization in patients with severe acute pancreatitis].

Objective: To construction the risk factors associated with prolonged hospitalization in patients with severe acute pancreatitis (SAP) and develop a prediction model for assessing these risks.

Methods: SAP patients admitted to the department of emergency of Hebei Province Cangzhou Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine from January 2015 to December 2023 were retrospectively selected as the study subjects. The 75% of hospital stay was used as the cut-off point, and the patients were categorized into a normal group and an extended group.

Time-efficient strategies in human iPS cell-derived pancreatic progenitor differentiation and cryopreservation: advancing towards practical applications.

Background: Differentiation of patient-specific induced pluripotent stem cells (iPS) helps researchers to study the individual sensibility to drugs. However, differentiation protocols are time-consuming, and not all tissues have been studied. Few works are available regarding pancreatic exocrine differentiation of iPS cells, and little is known on culturing and cryopreserving these cells.