Enhancement of kefir functionality by adding black elderberry and evaluation of its quality during storage.

The research explored the influences of 2% and 4% heat-treated fresh elderberry fruit mash supplement and 0.5% and 1% dried elderberry powder supplement before and after fermentation in kefir production on certain features of kefir beverage. Antioxidant activity, total monomeric anthocyanin, and total phenolic content were 16.

Biochemical, pharmacological, and toxicological attributes of caper () flowering buds and berries pickles.

is a natural plant that grows widely in Turkey and its flowering buds and berry pickle are used in traditional medicine. Thus, the current study was expanded to evaluate the biochemical, pharmacological, and toxicological aspects of the water extract (COWE). To determine the biochemical properties of COWE, mineral and fatty acid content, elemental analysis, flavonoid/phenolic content, radical-scavenging capacity, and pesticide analysis were performed.

The impact of quinoa flour on some properties of ayran.

In this study, some physical, chemical, microbiological, and sensory properties of ayran produced from quinoa flour addition at different ratios (0.1, 0.2, 0.

Evaluation of ivabradine in left ventricular dyssynchrony and reverse remodeling in patients with chronic heart failure.

Objectives: Ivabradine is a pharmacological agent used in patients with heart failure and sinus rhythm. Its only known pharmacological effect is to slow the heart rate. In this study, we investigated the impact of ivabradine on dyssynchrony parameters in heart failure patients.

Serum vitamin D in patients with mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer's disease.

Objectives: To determine the relevance of Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D3), and 1,25(OH)2D3 concentrations to mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and various stages of Alzheimer's disease (AD).

Materials And Methods: The study included 230 participants (>74 years) allocated to three main groups: 1-healthy subjects (HS,  = 61), 2-patients with MCI ( = 61), and 3- patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) subdivided into three stages: mild ( = 41), moderate ( = 35), and severe AD ( = 32). The cognitive status was evaluated using MMSE.

Decreased Ocular Pulse Amplitude and Retinal Nerve Fibre Layer in Multiple Sclerosis.

This study was conducted to assess ocular pulse amplitude and retinal nerve fibre layer in patients with multiple sclerosis and their correlation with disease duration and with severity. Retinal nerve fibre layer thickness was measured by Heidelberg Retinal Tomography II (HRT-II; Heidelberg Engineering, Dossenheim, Germany) and ocular pulse amplitude was measured by dynamic contour tonometry (Ziemer Ophthalmic Systems, Port, Switzerland) in 37 multiple sclerosis patients and 72 age- and gender-matched controls. Ocular pulse amplitude was significantly reduced and retinal nerve fibre layer was significantly thinner in temporal, superotemporal, and nasal sectors in patients with multiple sclerosis regardless of having an optic neuritis attack.

Optic Disc and Retinal Nerve Fibre Layer Changes in Parkinson's Disease.

This study was conducted to assess optic nerve and peripapillary retinal nerve fibre layer (RNFL) changes in patients with idiopathic Parkinson's disease (PD) and its correlation with disease duration and severity. Optic nerve parameters and RNFL thickness were measured in 24 PD patients and 25 age-gender-matched controls by Heidelberg Retinal Tomography II (Heidelberg Engineering, Dossenheim, Germany). Patients with visual acuity below 20/25 were excluded.

Lack of Visual Habituation in Multiple Sclerosis: An Electrophysiological Study.

In this study, we aimed to investigate habituation of pattern-reversal visually evoked potentials (VEPs) in patients with relapsing remitting (RR) multiple sclerosis (MS). Twenty-one patients with this diagnosis and with a history of optic neuritis (ON), 29 such patients without a history of ON, and 25 normal controls were enrolled to study. One eye of each patient in the group with a history of ON and one eye of each subject in the control group was randomly selected.