[Ischemic preconditioning].

It has been shown that repeated brief coronary occlusions increase myocardial resistance towards prolonged episodes of ischemia. This phenomenon, which renders the heart more tolerant to ischemia with subsequent limitation of infarct size, has been termed ischemic preconditioning. Ischemic preconditioning also protects the heart against postinfarction left ventricular dysfunction and ventricular arrhythmias.

[Mitral valve prolapse syndrome: orthostatic hypotension and physiopathology of its clinical symptomathologies].

Although several investigations on mitral valve prolapse syndrome (MVPS) have been performed, clinical symptoms of this syndrome are not yet clarified. Atypical chest pain, palpitations, fatigue, dyspnea and anxiety are the most frequent symptoms associated with this syndrome. However, dizziness and syncope may be serious symptoms in MVPS.

[Epidemiologic evaluation of trauma cases admitted to a pediatric emergency service].

Background: This study was performed to contribute epidemiological data about pediatric trauma registry in our country.

Methods: Ninety-four children with trauma who were admitted to the Pediatric Emergency Clinic of our hospital were prospectively evaluated.

Results: Forty-five percent patients were female and 55% were male with a mean age of 79+52 months.

[Radiation and the heart].

The use of radiotherapy in the management of malignant tumors causes low or high radiation exposure doses to normal tissues and undesired side effects may occur in early and late period following irradiation. All mediastinal structures, lungs and heart can exposure to total therapeutic dose during radiation therapy for thoracal or mediastinal malignancies such as Hodgkin disease and breast cancer. While early deaths following irradiation are caused by primary malignancies among these patients, long-term mortalities are resulted from radiation-induced morphological and functional organ abnormalities.

[Evaluation of inferior wall myocardial infarctions by ECG using 5 unipolar retrocardial leads in addition to the standard 12 leads].

Objective: This study was planned to evaluate the change patterns in 5 unipolar retrocardial leads (taken from back) in addition to standard 12 leads ECG in subjects with inferior myocardial infarction (IMI) and to see whether these patterns, if there are any, could be useful to assess the cases with IMI.

Methods: A hundred forty two cases were included to study. At first, in order to determine the normal ECG configurations in 5 unipolar retrocardial leads 30 subjects with normal standard 12 lead ECG and normal physical findings were studied.

[Cranial gunshot injuries and treatment approaches].

21 patients with gunshot wounds were retrospectively evaluated. They were 19 male and 2 female, age range was 9-24. All of the patients underwent a plain x-ray and computed tomography evaluation.