Results of Antibiotic-Impregnated Cement/Polymer-Coated Intramedullary Nails in the Management of Infected Nonunion and Open Fractures of Long Bones.

Background Fractures of long bones can sometimes lead to complications such as infection or nonunion, resulting in significant patient morbidity. Surgical intervention and antibiotics are often necessary to treat these complications. Antibiotic-impregnated cement/polymer-coated intramedullary nails have emerged as an effective surgical treatment for infected nonunion and open fractures.

Use of locked plates and mono-rail fixator in segmental tibial defects: A prospective interventional study.

Introduction: The management of gap non-union is a major challenge to both the clinician and the patient as it is technically difficult, time-intensive, and physically arduous for the patient along with an unpredictable result. Gap non-union can arise from extrusion of bony fragment at the time of trauma or after debridement of unhealthy bone later. Moreover, Tibia because of its subcutaneous anatomy can easily undergo bone-loss and segmental defect.

No Benefits in Using Magnetically Controlled Growing Rod as Temporary Internal Distraction Device in Staged Surgical Procedure for Management of Severe and Neglected Scoliosis in Adolescents.

Background: Severe spinal curvatures (SSCs) in children and adolescents have long been treated with preoperative Halo traction, in its various variations. There are also several radical techniques available for the management of neglected SSCs, such as osteotomies; however, these can be risky. Comparing the treatment outcomes when using preoperative Halo Gravity Traction (HGT) against the use of a Magnetically Controlled Growing Rod (MCGR) as a temporary internal distraction (TID) device, we evaluated the differences in surgical and radiological outcomes.

[Hemilateral bone longitudinal transport technique for the treatment of hemilateral defects of long bones of lower limbs].

Objective: To explore clinical efficacy of Ilizarov hemilateral bone longitudinal transport technique in treating hemilateral bone defects associated with chronic osteomyelitis of lower extremity long bones.

Methods: Clinical data of 13 patients with hemilateral bone defects caused by chronic osteomyelitis of lower extremity long bones and treated by Ilizarov hemilateral bone longitudinal transport technique were retrospective analyzed, including 10 males and 3 female, aged from 14 to 55 years old;4 patients occurred femoral and 9 patients occurred tibial;10 patients were diagnosed as traumatic osteomyelitis and 3 patients as hematogenous osteomyelitis. The anatomical classification of Cierny-Mader in 13 patients was type Ⅲ.

Debridement-Reconstruction-Docking Management System Versus Ilizarov Technique for Lower-Extremity Osteomyelitis.

Background: Osteomyelitis causes marked disability and is one of the most challenging diseases for orthopaedists to treat because of the considerable rate of infection recurrence. In this study, we proposed and assessed the debridement-reconstruction-docking (DRD) system for the treatment of lower-extremity osteomyelitis. This procedure comprises 3 surgical stages and 2 preoperative assessments; namely, pre-debridement assessment, debridement, pre-reconstruction assessment, reconstruction, and docking-site management.

Intraoperative neuromonitoring predicts postoperative deficits in severe pediatric spinal deformity patients.

Purpose: To evaluate intraoperative monitoring (IOM) alerts and neurologic deficits during severe pediatric spinal deformity surgery.

Methods: Patients with a minimum Cobb angle of 100° in any plane or a scheduled vertebral column resection (VCR) with minimum 2-year follow-up were prospectively evaluated (n = 243). Preoperative, immediate postoperative, and 2-year postoperative neurologic status were reported.

Functional and radiographic results of anatomic total shoulder arthroplasty in the setting of subscapularis dysfunction: 5-year outcomes analysis.

Background: Subscapularis management is a critical component to the success of anatomic total shoulder arthroplasty (TSA). Failure to heal the subscapularis can result in pain, weakness, loss of function, and revision. However, not all patients have poor outcomes.

Induced membrane technique in the treatment of infected tibial bone defect: A retrospective study.

To investigate the effect of the induced membrane technique (IMT) in the treatment of infected tibial bone defect. IMT is a 2-stage procedure dedicated to reconstruction of bone defects of the limbs. Treating injuries of the tibia characterized by segmental bone loss, severe damage to the soft tissue, and a conjoining infection is a challenge using IMT.

Multifidus dysfunction and restorative neurostimulation: a scoping review.

Objective: Chronic low back pain (CLBP) is multifactorial in nature, with recent research highlighting the role of multifidus dysfunction in a subset of nonspecific CLBP. This review aimed to provide a foundational reference that elucidates the pathophysiological cascade of multifidus dysfunction, how it contrasts with other CLBP etiologies and the role of restorative neurostimulation.

Methods: A scoping review of the literature.

Impact of humeral stem length on calcar resorption in anatomic total shoulder arthroplasty.

Background: Use of standard-length anatomic total shoulder (TSA) humeral stems has been associated with high rates of medial calcar bone loss. Calcar bone loss has been attributed to stress shielding, debris-induced osteolysis, and undiagnosed infection. Short stem and canal-sparing humeral components may provide more optimal stress distribution and thus lower rates of calcar bone loss related to stress shielding.

The Child's Age and the Size of the Curvature Do Not Affect the Accuracy of Screw Placement with the Free-Hand Technique in Spinal Deformities in Children and Adolescents.

Background: The current method of treatment of spinal deformities would be almost impossible without pedicle screws (PS) placement. There are only a few studies evaluating the safety of PS placement and possible complications in children during growth. The present study was carried out to evaluate the safety and accuracy of PS placement in children with spinal deformities at any age using postoperative computed tomography (CT) scans.

Complications associated with single-level bone transport for the treatment of tibial bone defects caused by fracture-related infection.

Background: The purpose of this study was to report the outcomes of single-level bone transport with a unilateral external fixator for treatment of proximal, intermediate and distal tibial bone defects caused by fracture-related infection (FRI) and compare their complications.

Methods: The clinical records and consecutive X-ray photographs of patients with tibial bone defects treated by single-level bone transport using a unilateral external fixator (Orthofix Limb Reconstruction System) were analyzed retrospectively, from January 2012 to December 2018. Patients were divided into the proximal group (P, n = 19), intermediate group (I, n = 25), and distal group (D, n = 18) according to the location of the tibial bone defect.

Perioperative Complications and Health-related Quality of Life Outcomes in Severe Pediatric Spinal Deformity.

Study Design: Prospective multicenter cohort study.

Objective: To evaluate perioperative complications and mid-term outcomes for severe pediatric spinal deformity.

Summary Of Background Data: Few studies have evaluated the impact of complications on health-related quality of life (HRQoL) outcomes in severe pediatric spinal deformity.

Bone Transport Through Induced Membrane Versus Conventional Bone Transport in Management of Infected Long-Bone Defects of Lower Limbs: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Objectives: To compare bone transport through induced membrane (BTM) and conventional bone transport (BT) regarding docking site union and infection recurrence in the management of infected long-bone defects.

Design: Prospective, randomized, controlled study.

Setting: Tertiary-level center.

Accessibility and Ease of Use in Neuromodulation Devices.

Background: The utilization of neuromodulation therapy continues to grow as therapeutic indications expand. These conditions often present with comorbid physical, visual, and auditory impairments. Patients with disabilities in these categories may have difficulty operating their devices.

Less-Invasive Approach to Early-Onset Scoliosis-Surgical Technique for Magnetically Controlled Growing Rod (MCGR) Based on Treatment of 2-Year-Old Child with Severe Scoliosis.

Background: Spinal deformities in children can be caused by various etiologies, such as congenital, syndromic, neuromuscular, or idiopathic. Early-onset scoliosis (EOS) is diagnosed before the age of ten years, and when the curvature continues to progress and exceeds a Cobb angle of 60-65 degrees, surgical treatment should be considered. Initial minimally invasive surgery and the implantation of magnetically controlled growing rods (MCGRs) allows for the noninvasive distraction of the spine, growing, and avoids multiple operations associated with the classic distractions of standard growing rods.

Mortality after spinal fusion in children with cerebral palsy and cerebral-palsy-like conditions: A 30-year follow-up study.

Aim: To report survival probability of a large cohort of children with cerebral palsy (CP) after spinal fusion.

Method: All children with CP who had spinal fusion between 1988 and 2018 at the reporting facility were reviewed for survival. Death records of the institutional CP database, institutional electronic medical records, publicly available obituaries, and the National Death Index through the US Centers for Disease Control were searched.

Efficacy comparison of antibiotic bone cement-coated implants and external fixations for treating infected bone defects.

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the clinical efficacy of antibiotic bone cement-coated implants compared with external fixations for treating infected bone defects.

Methods: We retrospectively enrolled 119 patients with infected bone defects in our hospital from January 2010 to June 2021, of which 56 were treated with antibiotic bone cement-coated implants and 63 were with external fixation.

Results: The pre-operative and post-operative haematological indexes were tested to assess the infection control; the post-operative CRP level in the internal fixation group was lower than that in the external fixation group.

The Efficacy of a Posterior Approach to Surgical Correction for Neglected Idiopathic Scoliosis: A Comparative Analysis According to Health-Related Quality of Life, Pulmonary Function, Back Pain and Sexual Function.

Background: This study aimed to evaluate the treatment outcomes of severe idiopathic scoliosis (IS) and hypothesized that surgical treatment would have a superior impact on the health-related quality of life (HRQoL), pulmonary function (PF), back pain, and sexual function.

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed 195 consecutive patients with IS classified into severe (SG) and moderate groups (MG) with a minimum follow-up of two years.

Results: The mean preoperative curve was 131° and 60° in the SG and MG, respectively.