Experimental and GEANT4 Simulated FEPE of NaI(Tl) Detector for Linear Sources.

The current study investigated the geometry, design and solid angle impacts on full energy peak efficiency (FEPE) of NaI(Tl) detectors for a line source. A line source is fabricated using 99mTc solution filled in a borosilicate glass tube of inner diameter 3 mm, tube wall thickness 2.5 mm and length 12.

Understanding the Dual Role of Macrophages in Tumor Growth and Therapy: A Mechanistic Review.

Macrophages are heterogeneous cells that are the mediators of tissue homeostasis. These immune cells originated from monocytes and are classified into two basic categories, M1 and M2 macrophages. M1 macrophages exhibit anti-tumorous inflammatory reactions due to the behavior of phagocytosis.

Perceived stress and coping strategies used by undergraduate dental students: An observational study.

Studies around the world have reported that dental students experience higher stress compared to medical students. Prolonged and high perceived stress can be of a significant concern as it affects the personal, psychological, and professional well-being of the student, affecting quality of life. The aim of the study was to describe the perceived stress and coping strategies that undergraduate students at dental schools of Lahore, Pakistan employ.

Distributed Denial of Services (DDoS) attack detection in SDN using Optimizer-equipped CNN-MLP.

Software-Defined Networks (SDN) provides more control and network operation over a network infrastructure as an emerging and revolutionary paradigm in networking. Operating the many network applications and preserving the network services and functions, the SDN controller is regarded as the operating system of the SDN-based network architecture. The SDN has several security problems because of its intricate design, even with all its amazing features.

Trends and Disparities in Intrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma-related Mortality in the United States from 1999 to 2020.

Purpose: Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) arises from the epithelial cells of the bile ducts present inside the liver parenchyma and is associated with an overall poor prognosis due to advanced disease stage at the time of diagnosis. We used the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Wide-Ranging Online Data for Epidemiologic Research (CDC WONDER) database to determine ICC-related mortality patterns in the United States from 1999 till 2020.

Methods: Age-adjusted mortality rates (AAMR) and crude mortality rates (CMR) were extracted from the CDC WONDER database.

DFT study of the binary intermetallic compound NdMn in different polytypic phases.

Context: The structural stability, ground state magnetic order, electronic, elastic and thermoelectric properties of NdMn in the C15, C14 and C36 polytypic phases is investigated. The magnetic phase optimization and magnetic susceptibility reveal that NdMn is antiferromagnetic (AFM) in C36 phase; and paramagnetic (PM) in C14 and C15 phases respectively. The band profiles and electrical resistivity show the metallic nature in all these polytypic phases and reveal that the C36 phase possesses smaller resistivity.

Piezo-Capacitive Flexible Pressure Sensor with Magnetically Self-Assembled Microneedle Array.

Flexible pressure sensors are pivotal in advancing artificial intelligence, the Internet of Things (IoT), and wearable technologies. While microstructuring the functional layer of these sensors effectively enhances their performance, current fabrication methods often require complex equipment and time-consuming processes. Herein, we present a novel magnetization-induced self-assembly method to develop a magnetically grown microneedle array as a dielectric layer for flexible capacitive pressure sensors.

Shifting Lithium Amide Reactivity to the Radical Domain: Regioselective Radical C-H Functionalization of 3-Iodooxetane for the Synthesis of 1,5-Dioxaspiro[2.3]hexanes.

Strained spiro-heterocycles (SSH) have gained significant attention within the medicinal chemistry community as promising (sp3)-rich bioisosteres for their aromatic and non-spirocyclic counterparts. We herein report access to an unprecedented spiro-heterocycle - 1,5-dioxaspiro[2.3]hexane.

Effects of vaginal microbiota on fertilization outcomes in women with different infertility causes.

Unlabelled: Backed by advancements in technologies like microbial sequencing, many studies indicate that the vaginal microbiome is a key marker of female reproductive health. However, further studies are still needed to investigate the correlation between vaginal microbiota (VMB) and outcomes of assisted reproductive technology (ART). Therefore, this study compared the VMB of two types of infertile women undergoing fertilization (IVF) with normal control women during the implantation window period and investigated the effects of VMB characteristics on IVF outcomes.

Integrated physiological, transcriptomic and metabolomic analyses reveal potential mechanisms of potato tuber dormancy release.

Regulating potato tuber dormancy is crucial for crop productivity and food security. We conducted the first comprehensive physiological, transcriptomic, and metabolomic investigations of two varieties of long and short dormant potato tubers in order to clarify the mechanisms of dormancy release. In the current study, three different dormant stages of UGT (ungerminated tubers), MGT (minimally germinated tubers), and GT (germinated tubers) were obtained by treatment with the germination promoter gibberellin A and the germination inhibitor chlorpropham.

Synthesis of SnO₂/COF green nanomaterials for effective pesticide decomposition and promoting tomato plants growth.

In last few decades, the agriculture sector is facing various type of crops diseases originated by crop pests. Among various crops the tomato plant is greatly affected by many pests such as aphids and whiteflies, which are badly decreasing tomato plant yield and effecting its growth. In last few years, various type of pesticides such as Neonicotinoids and Pyrethroids are employed with are badly effecting eco system and water bodies.

The morphology of a smartphonopathic hand - smartphone use and the median nerve cross-sectional area.

Objective: To investigate and compare the median nerve-cross sectional area at the wrist region of the dominant and non-dominant hands of high- and low- smartphone users.

Method: This descriptive cross-sectional study was based on 128 human subjects conducted at Bahria University Health Sciences Karachi Campus from January to June 2022. The sample size was calculated using the method of sample size for frequency in a population www.

Effect of seeds on Glycated hemoglobin, Cardiovascular disease risks and dyslipidemia in Type-2 diabetic patients in Karachi: A non-blind randomized controlled trial.

Objective: To explore the effect of seeds powder { 500 mg} capsule in diabetes Type-2 (T2DM) patients in Karachi.

Methods: A randomized selection of 40 T2DM patients from Sindh Government Hospital New Karachi with their consents was done for a non-blinded controlled trial from October to December 2019 and divided into P (Positive Control, metformin 500 mg) & T (Test, + was also included, using the same dosage of CapCASP on twenty healthy volunteers. The data were analyzed using an online graph pad student's t-test and a one-way ANOVA (SPSS version 24) metformin 500mg each).

PDA-associated infective endocarditis with pulmonary artery perforation.

Infective endocarditis used to frequently cause mortality in subjects having PDA before the advent of antibiotics and surgical ligation. It has been documented that clinically silent PDAs may cause infective complications of heart valves. We present case of an 18-years-old male who presented with palpitations and fever to our emergency department.

Exploring Barriers and Bridging Gaps: Perspectives of Nurses, Midwives, and Lady Health Workers in the Implementation of Emergency Obstetric Care.

Background & Objectives: Maternal mortality is a global concern primarily due to preventable obstetric complications. Challenges in implementing Emergency Obstetric Care (EmOC) in developing nations hinder effective reduction of these deaths. Our objective was to identify key challenges in EmOC practices among frontline healthcare providers, assess the severity and frequency of these barriers, and evaluate gaps in resources, training, and institutional support needed for effective resolution.

Measurement of angle of progression by trans perineal-ultrasound in labour to predict mode of delivery in nulliparous women.

Objective: The objective of the study was to assess whether the measurement of the angle of progression in nulliparous women in labour can predict the mode of delivery.

Methods: This prospective observational study was conducted at Benazir Bhutto Hospital, Rawalpindi Medical University from 16 February to 25 March 2024. Nulliparous pregnant women in the active first stage of labour with singleton pregnancy and cephalic presentation were included in the study after taking informed consent.

Emergence of Extended spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) and carbapenemase producing in mid-stream urine cultures of patients presenting in outpatient department of tertiary care hospital with uncomplicated cystitis (2016-2022): A retrospective analysis of Laboratory data.

Objective: To determine the prevalence of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in isolated from urine cultures of patients with uncomplicated cystitis in Pakistan. Another objective was to analyze and compare the resistance rates of to specific antibiotics, conducting a year-by-year evaluation of these rates to identify trends and changes over the past seven years.

Methods: Retrospective analysis of susceptibility data of isolated from midstream urine culture samples of patients presenting in outpatient department with uncomplicated cystitis, from January 2016 to December 2022 in the section of Microbiology, Liaquat University of Medical and Health Sciences was done.

Diagnostic accuracy and safety of ultrasound-guided percutaneous core needle biopsy among children with extra cranial solid masses at a tertiary care hospital in Karachi, Pakistan.

Objective: To determine the diagnostic accuracy and procedure safety of ultrasound-guided core needle biopsy of extra cranial solid masses in the pediatric population.

Method: A cross-sectional survey was conducted by the Department of Pediatric Hematology /Oncology and Radiology at Indus Hospital and Health Network Karachi from August 2022 to April 2023. A total of 118 pediatric patients, from age one month to 18 years, with extra cranial solid masses were studied.

Correlation of Burnout Syndrome with Emotional Intelligence among Clinicians at Workplace.

Objective: To determine the correlation of burnout syndrome with emotional intelligence at workplace.

Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in six public sector hospitals of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa between June and November, 2022. Male and female clinicians from Medicine, Surgery, Obstetrics / Gynaecology, Paediatrics Medicine, Paediatric Surgery, Gastroenterology, Anesthesiology, Psychiatry, Radiology, Dermatology, Ophthalmology, Otorhinolaryngology, Nephrology, Urology, Neurology, Neurosurgery, Orthopaedics, Endocrinology, Rheumatology and Cardiology were included in the study.

Study protocol for a randomized control trial investigating the effectiveness of a multifaceted mHealth approach on adherence to antihypertensive treatment among patients in Pakistan.

Background & Objectives: Poor medication adherence is an essential contributor to Pakistan's high prevalence of uncontrolled hypertension. This study will be aimed to assess the efficacy of a one-of-a-kind developed intervention in improving medication adherence and treatment outcomes in hypertension patients.

Methods: Twleve months duration long randomized controlled trial from January to December 2021 will be carried out at Shaikh Zayed Medical Complex (SZMC), Lahore.

Assessment of attitude towards e-professionalism: Students' perspectives from a Private Medical College in Lahore, Pakistan.

Objective: This study was conducted to investigate the social media practices and attitudes towards e-professionalism among undergraduate medical students in a medical college of Pakistan.

Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 220 undergraduate medical students from 2 to final-year MBBS, at CMH Lahore Medical College from March to August 2022. After ethical approval, a printed questionnaire was distributed among students, selected by stratified random sampling technique.

Frequency of undiagnosed hypertension among diabetic patients with micro vascular complications.

Objectives: To determine the frequency of undiagnosed hypertension among the diabetic patients with micro vascular complications.

Method: This is a descriptive case series conducted at Department of Medicine, Ghurki Trust Teaching Hospital, in this six month stud which enrolled 213 patients between 18-60 years from March 28, 2021 to September 28, 2021, having diabetes with microvascular complications. These patients were not previously diagnosed as hypertensives.

Maternal Sepsis and associated factors: A multi-central study from two tertiary care hospitals of South Punjab, Pakistan.

Objective: To determine the risk factors and outcomes of maternal sepsis.

Methods: This case-control study was performed at the departments of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Nishtar Hospital, Multan, and Ghazi Khan Hospital, Dera Ghazi Khan, Pakistan, from June 2023 to May 2024. Cases were comprised of females aged 18-45 years diagnosed with maternal sepsis, and admitted during the study period.

Quality of life in cutaneous leishmaniasis patients in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan.

Objective: To determine the impact of leishmaniasis on the quality of life of patients visiting the district headquarter hospital in District Khyber, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan.

Methods: A cross-sectional exploratory study was conducted in District Headquarter Hospital of Khyber District, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa from November 2019 to April 2020. In this study, 349 participants who consented were included by using a non-probability consecutive sampling technique.