Mechanistic insights of methylcinnamate in improving oxidative stress and inflammation in acetaminophen-induced hepatotoxic mice by upregulating Nrf2 pathway.

Background: Methylcinnamate (MC), a safe flavoring agent naturally found in Occimum basilicum L. is reported to have an anti-inflammatory responses in various disease models. Acetaminophen (APAP) toxicity is a significant contributor to acute liver injury, which leads to oxidative stress and inflammation.

Optimizing Diagnostic Tools & Outcomes Evaluation for t (9;22)-Positive Leukemias in Pediatric Low Middle-Income Country (LMIC) Patients.

Accurate and timely diagnosis of t(9;22)-positive leukemias is vital to improving survival in pediatric patients. In low-resource settings, where healthcare disparities are exacerbated by limited resources, cost-effective and efficient diagnostic methods are essential for bridging these gaps and ensuring better outcomes. Among the diagnostic tools evaluated among 23 patients sample, RT-PCR demonstrated superior sensitivity (100%) and the shortest turnaround time (7 days), significantly outperforming FISH and karyotyping in both accuracy and timeliness.

Navigating mental health problems for women in rural Pakistan: An interplay of financial, sociocultural, and environmental factors.

The authors of this research explored community perspectives on women's mental health in rural Pakistan, using a qualitative approach to identify beliefs hindering women's access to mental healthcare. Data were collected through 15 Focus Group Discussions (FGDs) and 15 Key Informant Interviews (KIIs) with stakeholders in Gilgit-Baltistan, using purposive sampling. The researchers revealed low community awareness of mental health and a lack of diagnostic and treatment services for women.

Efficacy of spray flushing in the reprocessing of flexible endoscopes.

This article comments on the article by Du , who conducted a randomized controlled trial aiming at evaluating the effectiveness of a novel spray flushing system in cleaning flexible endoscopes while minimizing damage to the working channels. We share our perspective on the importance of improving endoscope reprocessing methods. The findings highlight the spray flushing system's capacity to improve cleaning efficacy while minimizing damage, suggesting that it might be important in enhancing endoscope reprocessing procedures.

Ideal burn resuscitation: a step toward resolving the dilemma in acute flame burn management.

Following severe burns, the predominant concern is significant fluid loss, for which balanced crystalloid solutions are widely recommended as the primary intravenous resuscitation fluids. However, current literature lacks a clear distinction among various buffered crystalloid types that might be most effective in the early resuscitation of burn patients. This retrospective study was conducted to identify the optimal resuscitation fluid for major burns and to assess the clinical outcomes associated with isotonic crystalloid solutions compared to hypotonic crystalloids, specifically in terms of urinary output, acid-base balance, and electrolyte stability.

Climate friendly MOFs synthesis for drug delivery systems by integrating AI, intelligent manufacturing, and quantum solutions in industry 6.0 sustainable approach.

Since the Industrial Revolution, ecological damage, ecosystem disruption, and climate change acceleration have frequently resulted from human advancement at the price of the environment. Due to the rise in illnesses, Industry 6.0 calls for a renewed dedication to sustainability with latest technologies.

An overview of heat stress in Chickpea ( L.): effects, mechanisms and diverse molecular breeding approaches for enhancing resilience and productivity.

Unlabelled: Chickpea (. L) holds the esteemed position of being the second most cultivated and consumed legume crop globally. Nevertheless, both biotic and abiotic constraints limit chickpea production.

Synthesis of chiral mesoporous silica nanoparticles for the adsorptive removal of the chiral insecticide sulfoxaflor from water.

Mesoporous materials have garnered significant interest because of their porous structure, large surface area and ease of surface functionalization to incorporate the functional groups of choice. Herein, chiral mesoporous silica nanoparticles (CMSNPs) were prepared using quaternary amino silane as the template, tetramethyl orthosilicate as the silica source and proline and cellulose as chiral selector. The developed CMSNPs were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), elemental analysis, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction analysis, BET surface area analysis and BJH pore size/volume analysis.

Traditional uses, botanical description, phytochemistry, and pharmacological activities of : a review.

Background: is an herbaceous herb belonging to the Phytolaccaceae family. The plant has a long history of usage in traditional medicine for treating a variety of ailments including infectious diseases, edema, inflammation, gastric, and abdominal distress. The traditional use, phytochemistry, and pharmacological properties of are outlined in this article.

Computer-assisted discovery of natural inhibitors for platelet-derived growth factor alpha as novel therapeutics for thyroid cancer.

Platelet-derived growth factor alpha (PDGFRA) plays a significant role in various malignant tumors. PDGFRA expression boosts thyroid cancer cell proliferation and metastasis. Radiorefractory thyroid cancer is poorly differentiated, very aggressive, and resistant to radioiodine therapy.

Advancements in integral inequalities of Ostrowski type via modified Atangana-Baleanu fractional integral operator.

Convexity and fractional integral operators are closely related due to their fascinating properties in the mathematical sciences. In this article, we first establish an identity for the modified Atangana-Baleanu (MAB) fractional integral operators. Using this identity, we then apply Jensen integral inequality, Young's inequality, power-mean inequality, and Hölder inequality to prove several new generalizations of Ostrowski type inequality for the convexity of .

Perspectives of medical students on the implementation of sub-internship rotation in year 5 surgical clerkship: A brief report from a private medical college in Pakistan.

This study aims to explore the perspectives of medical students on the newly introduced Surgical Sub-internship (SI) rotation in year 5 Surgical Clerkship. This cross-sectional study was conducted at The Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi, Pakistan from September 2022 to September 2023. A self-designed 5-point Likert scale-based evaluation form was created to explore students' perspectives regarding their one-week Surgical SI rotation.

Clinicopathological Features, Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (EGFR) Mutations and Anaplastic Lymphoma Kinase (ALK) Rearrangement-Based Survival of Patients With Advanced Non-small Cell Lung Cancer in a Tertiary Care Setting.

Background Lung cancer is the most frequent cause of cancer-related deaths and the most common type of cancer globally. It is generally classified into two main histologic subtypes: non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and small cell lung cancer (SCLC). NSCLC is the most prevalent type and is enriched with genetic and molecular diversity.

Microangiopathic Hemolytic Anemia: A Rare Complication of Acute Pancreatitis.

Microangiopathic hemolytic anemia (MAHA) is a rare subtype of hemolytic anemia characterized by elevated hemolytic markers and red blood cell destruction. Though uncommon, MAHA can occur as a complication of acute pancreatitis because of the associated inflammatory response. Patients with MAHA secondary to pancreatitis show favorable outcomes when treated with plasma exchange.

Xylooligosaccharides: A comprehensive review of production, purification, characterization, and quantification.

Xylooligosaccharides (XOS), short-chain polymers with prebiotic properties, have gained significant commercial attention over the past few decades due to their potential as nutraceutical components. Derived from lignocellulosic biomass (LCB), XOS serve as health promoting compounds with applications across multiple sectors, including food pharmaceutical and cosmetic. This comprehensive review provides an overview of XOS production, purification, characterization, and quantification, highlighting their derivation from various sources such as agricultural waste, agro-economical forest residues, and nutrient-dense energy crops.

Correlation between selenium levels and selenoproteins expression in idiopathic generalized epilepsy: a study from Karachi.

Background: Oxidative damage has been implicated in multiple neurodegenerative diseases, including epilepsy. Selenium, in the form of selenoproteins is an integral part of the human antioxidant defense system. Though a relationship between the altered selenium levels and epilepsy has been reported, limited evidence is available about the expression pattern of selenoproteins in epileptic patients.

Chronic inflammation in post-acute sequelae of COVID-19 modulates gut microbiome: a review of literature on COVID-19 sequelae and gut dysbiosis.

Background: Long COVID or Post-acute sequelae of COVID-19 is an emerging syndrome, recognized in COVID-19 patients who suffer from mild to severe illness and do not recover completely. Most studies define Long COVID, through symptoms like fatigue, brain fog, joint pain, and headache prevailing four or more weeks post-initial infection. Global variations in Long COVID presentation and symptoms make it challenging to standardize features of Long COVID.

Improving ROP management: insights from a comparative analysis of screening and treatment modalities in a tertiary hospital, Pakistan.

Background: The principal objective of our study is to evaluate the characteristics of babies with type 1 ROP, screening practices and treatment trends in a tertiary care centre in Pakistan.

Methods: This prospective study at Mayo Hospital, Lahore (July 2022-July 2024), included 89 preterm infants with type 1 ROP, selected using non-probability sampling. Infants were categorized based on international (GA < 32weeks or BW < 1500 g) and local screening criteria (GA < 35 weeks or BW < 2000 g), and treatment outcomes were evaluated across three groups: Anti-VEGF, combination therapy (Anti-VEGF followed by laser), and laser therapy.

Potential of Lambda-Cyhalothrin for Controlling the Black Armyworm Spodoptera cosmioides (Walker) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae): Toxicity and Midgut Histopathological Effects.

Caterpillars of the genus Spodoptera are the main pests in soybean and cotton crops and Spodoptera cosmioides causes more severe losses than other caterpillars in these agricultural crops. However, there are few recommended insecticides for controlling this pest. Lambda-cyhalothrin is a pyrethroid used to control a wide spectrum of arthropods including lepidopterans.

Synthesis and biological evaluation of rationally designed pyrazoles as insecticidal agents.

The current research focused on the synthesis of two series of pyrazole derivatives and evaluation of their insecticidal effectiveness. In the first series, seven pyrazole Schiff bases 3a-g were successfully synthesized with yields (79-95%) by condensing phenylfuran-2-carbaldehyde with substituted pyrazole rings. In the second series, eleven amino acid-pyrazole conjugates 6a-k were synthesized utilizing acetic acid, sulfuric acid, morpholine, and EDC.

Efficacy of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation for phantom limb pain- a meta analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Introduction: Phantom limb pain (PLP) is a neuropathic syndrome experienced by the majority of amputees. Various treatment options are available for amputees suffering from PLP including pharmacological, psychological and neuromodulation techniques. Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) is a non-invasive neuromodulation technique that has proven its efficacy in alleviating PLP.

Comparative analysis of biodiversity, physiology, and anatomical adaptations in riparian flora exposed to industrial pollution stress.

Anthropogenic activities such as industrial pollution of water bodies possess threat to floras leading to extinction and endangerment. This study investigates the impact of industrial pollution on vegetation along River Chenab and its associated drains. Rivers and channels transporting industrial effluents have been determined to be significantly contaminated.

Whole-genome evaluation and prophages characterization associated with genome of carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii UOL-KIMZ-24-2.

Carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii (CRAB) is an emerging threat to healthcare settings in many countries, principally in South Asia. The current study was aimed to identify, evaluate whole-genome and characterize the prophages in genome of CRAB strain, recovered from patients of Lahore General Hospital, Lahore. More than 200 samples were collected and identified by morphological and biochemical tests.

Dynamic analysis and optimal control of a hybrid fractional monkeypox disease model in terms of external factors.

The monkeypox virus (MPXV), which is a member of the Orthopoxvirus genus in the class Poxviridae, is the causative agent of the zoonotic viral infection MPXV. The disease is similar to smallpox, but it is usually less dangerous. This study examines the evolution of the MPXV epidemic in Canada with an emphasis on the effects of control employing actual data.