Comparative Transcriptomic and Physiological Analysis of Extremophilic and Non-Extremophilic Fungi in Bioremediation of Cadmium (Cd) and Strontium (Sr).

Heavy metal and nuclide contamination pose increasing threats to the environment and public health. In this study, a comparative analysis was conducted on the bioremediation capabilities of the halophilic fungus Engyodontium album (E. album) and the non-halophilic fungus Trichoderma reesei (T.

Antifibrotic potential of Reserpine (alkaloid) targeting Keap1/Nrf2; oxidative stress pathway in CCl-induced liver fibrosis.

The death rate due to liver cancer approaches 2 million annually, the majority is attributed to fibrosis. Currently, there is no efficient, safe, non-toxic, and anti-fibrotic drug available, suggesting room for better drug discovery. The current study aims to evaluate the anti-fibrotic role of reserpine, an alkaloid plant compound against CCl-induced liver fibrosis.

In-silico discovery of efficient second-generation drug derivatives with enhanced antihistamine potency and selectivity.

The current study focuses on the potential of second-generation antihistamines, which exhibit fewer side effects compared to first-generation drugs, to block the Histamine H receptor (HR) and mitigate allergic responses. We screened several derivatives of second-generation drugs taking Desloratadine (Deslo) and Acrivastine (Acra) as seed compounds. We performed molecular docking, drug-likeness, quantum chemical calculations, UV-visible and infrared spectroscopy, molecular electrostatic potential (MEP) mapping for understanding drug derivatives potential as efficient drugs and molecular dynamics (MD).

A carbon fiber modified with tin oxide/graphitic carbon nitride as an electrochemical indirect competitive immuno-sensor for ultrasensitive aflatoxin M detection.

The importance of developing multifunctional nanomaterials for sensing technologies is increasing with the arrival of nanotechnology. In this study, we describe the introduction of novel nanoprobe electro-active material into the architecture of an electrochemical immuno-sensor. Based on the electrochemical immuno-sensor, functionalized tin oxide/graphitic carbon nitride nanocomposite (fSnO/g-CN) was synthesized and then analyte specific anti-aflatoxin M monoclonal antibody (AFM-ab) combined to form an electro-active nanoprobe (fSnO/g-CN/AFM-ab).

Multifunctional electrospun nanofiber films of polyacrylonitrile and polyvinyl alcohol incorporating rhamnose and therapeutic agents for enhanced healing of infected burn wounds.

Infected burn wounds present significant clinical challenges due to delayed healing and risk of infection, necessitating advanced treatments that offer both antimicrobial and regenerative properties. This study aimed to develop and evaluate multifunctional electrospun nanofiber films incorporating rhamnose (as an angiogenic agent) and therapeutic agents, namely fluticasone, mupirocin, ciprofloxacin, and silver sulfadiazine, for the enhanced healing of infected burn wounds. Nanofibers containing rhamnose, polyacrylonitrile, polyvinyl alcohol and therapeutic agents were fabricated electrospinning.

Pharmacognistic, proximate and phytochemical analysis of stem of Cistanche tubulosa (Schenck) Hook. F.

A medicinal plant is any plant that in one or more of its organs contains substances that can be used by it or their constituent for therapeutic purposes. The present work was done to evaluate pharmacognostic, fluorescence, proximate and phytochemical analysis of ethanolic extracts of Cistanche tubulosa (Orobanchaceae) along with antimicrobial activity. Antimicrobial activity against four bacterial strains S.

Clinical and molecular analysis of ESBL, carbapenemase, and colistin-resistant bacteria in UTI patients.

Uropathogens, particularly bacteria, can infect any part of the urinary tract and cause bacteriuria. Our study aimed to examine the antibiotic-resistant profile, associated risk factors, and phenotypic and genotypic features of ESBL, carbapenemase, and mcr resistance genes in multidrug-resistant bacteria. Samples were inoculated on culture media, identified using standard biochemical tests, and species confirmation was performed via 16S rRNA gene amplification.

Evaluation of the anti-cholelithiasis activity of vinegar-soaked Ficus carica fruit in adults: A randomized controlled trial.

This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of vinegar-soaked Ficus carica fruits (VSFCF) for managing cholelithiasis in adults. A parallel-group, single-blinded, randomized controlled trial at Noreen Nishat Welfare Hospital, Khanewal, Pakistan, was conducted from December 2023 to February 2024. Fifty adults with ultrasound-confirmed cholelithiasis were randomly assigned to receive either VSFCF (1 g/kg/day) or ursodiol (600 mg/day).

Explicit travelling wave solutions to the time fractional Phi-four equation and their applications in mathematical physics.

In applied research, fractional calculus plays an important role for comprehending a wide range of intricate physical phenomena. One of the Klein-Gordon model's peculiar case yields the Phi-four equation. Additionally, throughout the past few decades it has been utilized to explain the kink and anti-kink solitary waveform contacts that occur in biological systems and in the field of nuclear mechanics.

Energy optimization and plant comfort management in smart greenhouses using the artificial bee colony algorithm.

Agriculture is an essential component of human sustenance in this world. These days, with a growing population, we must significantly increase agricultural productivity to meet demand. Agriculture moved toward technologies as a result of the demand for higher yields with less resources.

Signature-based intrusion detection using machine learning and deep learning approaches empowered with fuzzy clustering.

Network security is crucial in today's digital world, since there are multiple ongoing threats to sensitive data and vital infrastructure. The aim of this study to improve network security by combining methods for instruction detection from machine learning (ML) and deep learning (DL). Attackers have tried to breach security systems by accessing networks and obtaining sensitive information.

Intelligent skin disease prediction system using transfer learning and explainable artificial intelligence.

Skin diseases impact millions of people around the world and pose a severe risk to public health. These diseases have a wide range of effects on the skin's structure, functionality, and appearance. Identifying and predicting skin diseases are laborious processes that require a complete physical examination, a review of the patient's medical history, and proper laboratory diagnostic testing.

A python approach for prediction of physicochemical properties of anti-arrhythmia drugs using topological descriptors.

In recent years, machine learning has gained substantial attention for its ability to predict complex chemical and biological properties, including those of pharmaceutical compounds. This study proposes a machine learning-based quantitative structure-property relationship (QSPR) model for predicting the physicochemical properties of anti-arrhythmia drugs using topological descriptors. Anti-arrhythmic drug development is challenging due to the complex relationship between chemical structure and drug efficacy.

Preclinical and in silico studies of 3-benzothioyl-1-(3-hydroxy-3-phenyl-3-propyl)-1-methylthiourea: a promising agent for depression and anxiety.

The study investigated the anxiolytic, antidepressant, sedative/hypnotic and in silico molecular docking properties of the synthetic ephedrine-based derivative of thiourea, 3-benzothioyl-1-(3-hydroxy-3-phenyl-3-propyl)-1-methylthiourea. Safety profile of the compound at various doses was determined in an acute toxicity test. Results showed significant anti-anxiety effects of the compound in all mice studies.

EFFECTS OF THERAPEUTIC TAPING ON CLINICAL SYMPTOMS OF STUDENTS WITH PRIMARY DYSMENORRHEA.

Study Objectives: Primary Dysmenorrhea (PD) is a prevalent gynaecological condition affecting young females, characterized by cyclic, cramping pelvic pain with no organic pathology. It can significantly impact their Quality of life (QOL) and academic performance. The study aimed to determine the effect of therapeutic taping on clinical symptoms, QOL and academic performance of students with PD.

Comparative Efficacy and Safety of Tissue Plasminogen Activators (tPA) in Acute Ischemic Stroke: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.

Background: Intravenous alteplase (ALT) is the standard treatment for acute ischemic stroke (AIS). However, recent trials comparing other tissue plasminogen activators (tPAs) like tenecteplase (TNK) and reteplase with ALT have yielded conflicting results. This necessitated a network meta-analysis to compare the efficacy and safety of various tPAs in AIS patients.

A novel lightweight deep learning based approaches for the automatic diagnosis of gastrointestinal disease using image processing and knowledge distillation techniques.

Background: Gastrointestinal (GI) diseases pose significant challenges for healthcare systems, largely due to the complexities involved in their detection and treatment. Despite the advancements in deep neural networks, their high computational demands hinder their practical use in clinical environments.

Objective: This study aims to address the computational inefficiencies of deep neural networks by proposing a lightweight model that integrates model compression techniques, ConvLSTM layers, and ConvNext Blocks, all optimized through Knowledge Distillation (KD).

Generation of a PDK-1 knockout human embryonic stem cell line by CRISPR/(WAe009-A-2K) Cas9 editing.

Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Kinase1 (PDK1) belongs to the family of kinases, regulates diverse metabolic processes. PDK1 is a susceptibility locus for heart failure via thinning of ventricle walls, and enlarged atria and ventricles. We successfully developed a PDK1 knockout (PDK1/) human embryonic stem cell (hESC) line using an episomal vector-based CRISPR/Cas9 system explore the role of PDK in human heart development.

Rising cardiovascular mortality among obstructive sleep apnea patients: United States epidemiological trends (1999-2019).

Background: Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) prevalence has risen significantly, affecting millions globally and posing a major healthcare burden. OSA is strongly associated with cardiovascular diseases (CVD) such as heart failure, stroke, and ischemic heart disease. However, trends in CVD-related mortality among individuals with OSA remain underexplored.

Machine Learning Assisted Bithiophene Based Donor Acceptor Selection to Design New Fluoresent Dyes for Photovoltaic Applications.

This study investigates the electronic properties and photovoltaic (PV) performance of newly designed bithiophene-based dyes, focusing on their light harvesting efficiency (LHE), open-circuit voltage (V), fill factor (FF), and short-circuit current density (J).These new dyes are designed with the help of machine learning (ML) to design best donor acceptor designs. For this, we collect 2567 differenr electron donor groups and calculated their bandgap with the help of Random Forest (RF) Regression method.

Human Brucellosis in the Rural and Urban Population of Pakistan: Seroprevalence, Risk Factors, and Clinical Manifestations.

Brucella spp. is the bacterium responsible for brucellosis, a zoonotic infection that affects humans. This disease poses significant health challenges and contributes to poverty, particularly in developing countries.

Didemnins as marine-derived anticancer agents: mechanistic insights and clinical potential.

Didemnins, a class of cyclic depsipeptides derived from marine organisms exhibit notable anticancer properties. Among them, Didemnin B has been extensively researched for its strong antitumor activity and progression to clinical trials. Nonetheless, its clinical application has been impeded by challenges like poor bioavailability and dose-limiting toxicity.

Examining Cough's Role and Relief Strategies in Interstitial Lung Disease.

Chronic cough is a distressing and prevalent symptom in interstitial lung disease (ILD), significantly impairing quality of life (QoL) and contributing to disease progression, particularly in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). It is associated with physical discomfort, psychological distress, and social isolation and is often refractory to conventional therapies. The pathophysiology of cough in ILD is complex and multifactorial, involving neural hypersensitivity, structural lung changes, inflammatory processes, and comorbid conditions such as gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD).