Spatial profiling of endoplasmic reticulum stress markers in tumor associated cells predicts patient outcomes in pancreatic cancer.

Introduction: The impact of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress in tumor-associated cells, such as cancer associated fibroblasts (CAFs), immune cells and endothelial cells, on patient outcomes in clinical specimens have not been examined. For the first time, we characterized the expression and spatial locations of ER stress markers, BiP and CHOP, in tumor-associated cells and assessed their prognostic significance in a panel of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) patient samples.

Methods: Multiplex immunofluorescence was performed on tumor microarrays and images were analyzed using HALO AI software.

A novel method for assessing the shedding of fibre in forensic science: Investigating the effects of washing.

The evaluation of the shedding capacity of a garment is crucial in forensic analysis to understand fibre transfer mechanisms during contact activities. While adhesive tapes are commonly used, the lack of standardised pressure application -often done manually- poses a challenge. In addition, while previous studies have examined the effects of washing on fibre evidence, there is a notable absence in the literature regarding its impact on garment shedding capacity.

'Entanglement of nursing care': A theoretical proposition to understand the complexity of nursing work and division of labour.

Ongoing challenges in the provision of care, driven by growing care complexity and nursing shortages, prompt us to reconsider the basis for efficient division of nursing labour. In organising nursing work, traditionally the focus has been on identifying nursing tasks that can be delegated to other less expensive and less highly educated staff, in order to make best use of scarce resources. We argue that nursing care activities are connected and intertwined.

Phosphorus addition diminishes the negative effect of nitrogen addition on methane sink in subtropical forest soils.

Increased global nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) inputs caused by human activities can significantly impact methane (CH) uptake in terrestrial ecosystems. Forest soils, as the largest CH sink among terrestrial ecosystems, play a crucial role in mitigating global warming. However, the effects of long-term N and P additions on CH sink and the associated microbial mechanisms in subtropical forest soils remain unclear.

Transformation processes of total suspended solids and dissolved organic matter in rivers: Influences of different land use sources and degradation processes.

The riverine dissolved organic matter (DOM) pool constitutes the largest and most dynamic organic carbon reservoir within inland aquatic systems. Human activities significantly alter the distribution of organic matter (OM) in rivers, thereby affecting the availability of DOM. However, the impact of total suspended solids (TSS) on DOM under anthropogenic influence remains insufficiently elucidated.

Quantification of heavy metal exposure in a British population cohort links total mercury levels in plasma with skin tissue-specific changes in mitochondrial-related gene expression.

Heavy metals in our direct environment have profound effects on human health and while some are essential for life, others can be toxic. In vivo studies often focus on clinical features caused by overexposure to, or by deprivation of a heavy metal. However, to understand the cellular impact of heavy metals on health, studies in healthy volunteers before symptom onset are needed.

Pure CO and impure CO-SO-NO-O reactions with carbon storage site underlying seals: Coaly mudstones and carbonate cemented sandstones.

The transition to net zero emissions requires the capture of carbon dioxide from industrial point sources, and direct air capture (DAC) from the atmosphere for geological storage. Dissolved CO has reactivity to rock core, and while the majority of previous studies have concentrated on reservoir rock or cap-rock reactivity, the underlying seal formation may also react with CO. Drill core from the underlying seal of a target CO storage site was reacted at in situ conditions with pure CO, and compared with an impure CO stream with SO, NO and O that could be expected from hard to abate industries.

Microplastic ingestion by an aquatic ciliate: Functional response, modulation, and reduced population growth.

Microplastic particles are ubiquitous in aquatic environments and are considered a major threat to the large range of heterotrophic organisms that involuntarily consume them. However, there is current uncertainty around the mechanisms underpinning microplastic uptake by aquatic consumers and the consequences for both the fate of the microplastics and the growth potential of consumer populations. We performed a feeding experiment, exposing a model freshwater ciliate, Tetrahymena pyriformis, to six different microplastic concentrations and measured microplastic uptake and population growth over the course of several generations.

A comprehensive scoping review on machine learning-based fetal echocardiography analysis.

Fetal echocardiography (ultrasound of the fetal heart) plays a vital role in identifying heart defects, allowing clinicians to establish prenatal and postnatal management plans. Machine learning-based methods are emerging to support the automation of fetal echocardiographic analysis; this review presents the findings from a literature review in this area. Searches were queried at leading indexing platforms ACM, IEEE Xplore, PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science, including papers published until July 2023.

Joint action partners modulate the first step of an action sequence to communicate a distal goal.

When two co-actors perform a joint action, they often communicatively modulate their instrumental actions so as to facilitate each other's predictions of their immediate, proximal goals. Here, we ask whether co-actors would also engage in such "sensorimotor communication" for distal goals, specifically those that result from a two-step action sequence. To address this question, we asked pairs of participants to work together to deliver an animated box to one of two delivery locations displayed on a computer screen.

Effects of warning information at medication initiation on deprescribing intentions in older adults: A hypothetical vignette.

Objectives: To explore to what degree providing patients warning information about the long-term risks of a medication would affect their subsequent desire to discontinue it.

Methods: We conducted a vignette-based online experiment in which participants aged ≥ 65 years from the United States were asked to imagine starting and subsequently stopping omeprazole. Participants were randomized to one of four vignettes about starting omeprazole (potential long-term harms or no harm information; OTC vs.

Motor imagery does not effectively improve walking-related performance in older adults: A randomised controlled trial.

Background: Inaccurate perception of one's physical abilities is potentially related to age-related declines in motor planning and can lead to changes in walking. Motor imagery training is effective at improving balance and walking in older adults, but most research has been conducted on older adults following surgery or in those with a history of falls. Deficits in motor imagery ability are associated with reduced executive function in older adults with cognitive impairment.

Comparative effectiveness of various exercise interventions on central sensitisation indices: A systematic review and network meta-analysis.

Background: Central sensitisation (CS) increases musculoskeletal pain. Quantitative sensory testing (QST) or self-report questionnaires might indicate CS. Indices of CS might be suppressed by exercise, although the optimal exercise regimen remains unclear.

Trauma exposure as a risk factor of major depressive disorder: A matched case-control study.

The association between childhood trauma (CT), stressful life events (SLE) and the onset and severity of major depressive disorder (MDD) has not been extensively studied. This study aimed to investigate the separate and combined association of CT and SLE with the onset and severity of MDD. A total of 503 patients with MDD and 503 controls were included.

Get Over It: Surgical Residents' Responses to Simulated Harassment. A Multi Method Study.

Objective: This study examined the response strategies of Surgery residents as bystanders to harassment in a simulated clinical environment, their alignment with the bystander intervention model, and the motivations behind their actions.

Design: Participants watched an educational video on harassment and ways to address it prior to undergoing a simulated clinical scenario where they witnessed a senior resident harassing a medical student. The study used audio-video recordings of the simulations to capture and analyze residents' verbal and nonverbal responses to harassment.

Mangrove-based carbon market projects: What stakeholders need to address during pre-feasibility assessment.

Mangrove-based carbon market projects (MbCMP) aim to conserve, protect and restore mangrove habitats in order to generate high quality blue carbon credits via a crediting program, as a contribution to climate change mitigation/adaptation, biodiversity conservation, ecosystem services provision and local socio-economic development. The blue carbon credits generated are transferable, verifiable and sold through carbon markets to earn additional income for governments and local communities. The main aim of the paper is to provide important considerations for pre-field planning, that is, how challenges associated with fieldwork, project implementation, and monitoring reporting and verification (MRV) can be addressed with proper pre-field planning.

SO derivatives impair ovarian function by inhibiting Serpine1/NF-κB pathway-mediated ovarian granulosa cell survival.

Sulfur dioxide (SO) is a contributor to air pollution. Human evidence has demonstrated an association between SO exposure and diminished ovarian reserve. The toxicity of SO is mainly attributed to its derivatives, bisulfite and sulfite, which have a variety of adverse effects on both human health and the environment, yet have been widely used as additives in food processing and transportation.

Rapid on-site determination of heavy metals and metalloids in contaminated biochar samples by accelerated leaching process coupled with voltammetric sensors.

Heavy metals and metalloids are the most common environmental pollutants. Toxicity characteristic leaching procedure (TCLP) is a standard operating procedure that is used to assess heavy metal and metalloid compositions, and evaluate the hazardous nature of waste and waste-derived materials for reuse or disposal, such as determining landfill suitability. However, TCLP and the following detections are time-consuming and require bulky laboratory-based instruments and trained personnel.

Accompaniment of isolated people by volunteers from the neighborhood (ACOMPANYEM). A community trial with a nested qualitative study.

Introduction: Social prescription targets people with social isolation or unwanted loneliness and offers them community activities to improve their emotional well-being. Disabled homebound people cannot access social-health community assets. Neighborhood volunteers may accompany them at home or walk them outdoors.

Short communication: Genomic prediction based on unbiased estimation of the genomic relationship matrix in pigs.

The traditional genomic relationship matrix (GRM) has shown to be a biased estimation of true kinship, which can affect subsequent genetic analyses. In this study, we employed an unbiased kinship (UKin) estimation method within the genomic best linear unbiased prediction framework to evaluate its prediction performance on both a simulated dataset and a Large White pig dataset. The simulated dataset encompasses six traits, 900 quantitative trait loci, and 36 000 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs).

Development, content validation and feasibility of a decision aid tool for the treatment of women with menopausal symptoms.

Introduction: Despite research supporting menopause hormonal therapy for menopausal women, its use continues to decline in most European countries and the United States. Experts highlighted the need for global assessment tools to assist clinicians in evaluating treatment for symptomatic menopausal women, which led to the development of the Menopause Treatment Tool, with separate versions for women and healthcare professionals. Both versions of the tool focus on menopausal symptoms, risk levels and suggested actions; the women's tool is administered prior to the consultation, while the clinician tool is administered by the clinician during the clinical consultation.

Harmful effects of the semiconductor copper tungstate (CuWO) on multiple photosynthetic parameters of the green microalga Raphidocelis subcapitata.

The semiconductor copper tungstate (CuWO) may end up in aquatic ecosystems since it has the potential for water decontamination. The toxic effects of CuWO are totally unknown for eukaryotic organisms. In view of this, we aimed to evaluate the toxicity of CuWO particles (size of 161.

Automatic base-dose planning for a robust field junction in total marrow irradiation.

Purpose: Total marrow (lymph-node) irradiation (TMI/TMLI) is a radiotherapy technique irradiating the whole body of a patient. The limited couch travel range in modern linacs (130-150 cm) forces to split the TMI/TMLI delivery into two plans with opposite orientation. A dedicated field junction is necessary to achieve satisfactory target coverage in the overlapping region of the two plans.

Synthesis and biological assessment of BUB1B inhibitors for the treatment of clear cell renal cell carcinoma.

Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) presents substantial therapeutic challenges due to its molecular heterogeneity, limited response to conventional therapies, and widespread drug resistance. Recent advancements in molecular research have identified novel targets, such as BUB1B, which has been identified through global transcriptomic profiling and gene co-expression network analysis as critical in ccRCC progression. In this study, we synthesized 40 novel derivatives of TG-101209 to modulate BUB1B expression and activity, leading to the induction of apoptosis in Caki-1 cells.

Implementing the discontinuous-Galerkin finite element method using graph neural networks with application to diffusion equations.

Machine learning (ML) has benefited from both software and hardware advancements, leading to increasing interest in capitalising on ML throughout academia and industry. There have been efforts in the scientific computing community to leverage this development via implementing conventional partial differential equation (PDE) solvers with machine learning packages, most of which rely on structured spatial discretisation and fast convolution algorithms. However, unstructured meshes are favoured in problems with complex geometries.