Biosynthesis, characterization, and multifaceted applications of Elytraria acaulis synthesized silver and gold nanoparticles: Anticancer, antibacterial, larvicidal, and photocatalytic activities.

Green synthesis of metal nanoparticles using plant extracts has emerged as an eco-friendly alternative to conventional methods, offering potential applications in biomedicine and environmental remediation. This study demonstrates the successful biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles (SNPs) and gold nanoparticles (GNPs) using Euphorbia acaulis leaf extract as a reducing and capping agent. The nanoparticles were thoroughly characterized using UV-Vis spectroscopy, HR-SEM, EDX, TEM, AFM, XRD, and FTIR analyses, confirming their successful synthesis and revealing their predominantly spherical morphology with sizes ranging from 1 to 100 nm.

Weathered polyethylene microplastics induced immunomodulation in zebrafish.

Microplastics are pollutants of emerging concern and the aquatic biota consumes microplastics (MPs), which has a range of toxicological and environmental effects on aquatic organisms that are not the intended targets. The current study looked into how weathered polyethylene (wPE) MPs affected Danio albolineatus immunological and haematological markers. In this experiment, fish of both sexes were placed in control and exposure groups, and they were exposed for 40 d at the sublethal level (1 μg L) of fragmented wPE, which contained 1074 ± 52 MPs per litre.

Comparative studies on the cultivation, yield, and nutritive value of an edible mushroom, (Rumph. ex Fr.) Singer, grown under different agro waste substrates.

In the present study, (Rumph. ex Fr.) Singer collected from Keeriparai forest of Kanyakumari district, South India was cultivated using environmentally benign, low-cost agricultural waste residues (paddy straw, sugarcane bagasse, rice husk, and sawdust) as growth substrates.

Carbon-based adsorbents for the mitigation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon: a review of recent research.

Accumulation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) poses significant dangers to the environment and human health. The advancement of technology for cleaning up PAH-contaminated environments is receiving more attention. Adsorption is the preferred and most favorable approach for cleaning up sediments polluted with PAH.

prediction, molecular modeling, and dynamics studies on the targeted next-generation sequencing identified genes underlying congenital heart disease in Down syndrome patients.

Background: Individuals with Down syndrome (DS) have a 40%-60% chance of being born with congenital heart disease (CHD). This indicates that CHD in individuals with DS is not solely caused by trisomy 21, and there may be other genetic factors contributing to the development of CHD in these children. A study has identified variants in the specific genes that contribute to the pathogenesis of CHD in children with DS, isolated DS, and the CHD group.

Investigation of antimicrobial and anti-cancer activity of thermally sensitive SnO nanostructures with green-synthesized cauliflower morphology at ambient weather conditions.

A tin oxide (SnO) nanostructure was prepared using Matricaria recutita leaf extract to investigate its anticancer activity against SK-MEL-28 cells. The tetragonal crystal structure of tin oxide nanoparticles with an average crystal size of 27 nm was confirmed by X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis. The tetragonal crystal structure of the tin oxide nanoparticles, with an average crystallite size of 27 nm, was confirmed by XRD an absorbance peak at 365 nm was identified by UV-visible spectroscopy analysis as belonging to the bio-mediated synthesis of SnO nanoparticles.

β-cyclodextrin polymer composites for the removal of pharmaceutical substances, endocrine disruptor chemicals, and dyes from aqueous solution- A review of recent trends.

Cyclodextrin (CD) and its derivatives are receiving attention as a new-generation adsorbent for water pollution treatment due to their external hydrophilic and internal hydrophobic properties. Among types of CD, β-Cyclodextrin (βCD) has been a material of choice with a proven track record for a range of utilities in distinct domains, owing to its unique cage-like structural conformations and inclusion complex-forming ability, especially to mitigate emerging contaminants (ECs). This article outlines βCD composites in developing approaches of their melds and composites for purposes such as membranes for removal of the ECs in aqueous setups have been explored with emphasis on recent trends.

Effect of microfibers induced toxicity in marine sedentary polychaete Hydroides elegans: Insight from embryogenesis axis.

Presence of surgical face masks in the environment are more than ever before after the COVID-19 pandemic, and it poses a newer threat to aquatic habitats around the world due to microfibers (MFs) and other contaminants that get discharged when these masks deteriorate. The mechanism behind the developmental toxicity of MFs, especially released from surgical masks, on the early life stages of aquatic organisms are not well understood. Toxicity test were developed to examine the effects of MFs released from surgical facemask upon deterioration using the early gametes and early life stages of marine sedentary polychaete Hydroides elegans.

Adsorptive exclusion of crystal violet dye using barium encapsulated alginate/carbon composites: characterization and adsorption modeling studies.

The present study is devoted to the removal of crystal violet dye using the synthesized barium alginate/carbon composites abbreviated as BA (barium alginate), BAAC (barium alginate/activated carbon), BASC (barium alginate/starch carbon), and BASSC (barium alginate/starch carbon modified with CTAB). The adsorptive removal of crystal violet as a function of contact time, pH of solution, composite dose, initial dye concentration, and temperature was studied. The uptake of crystal violet (CV) dye for the composites was recorded in the range of 36 mg g to 50 mg g at pH 8.

Sustainable Ornamental Fish Aquaculture: The Implication of Microbial Feed Additives.

Ornamental fish trade represents an important economic sector with an export turnover that reached approximately 5 billion US dollars in 2018. Despite its high economic importance, this sector does not receive much attention. Ornamental fish husbandry still faces many challenges and losses caused by transport stress and handling and outbreak of diseases are still to be improved.

Chemical recycling of polyester textile wastes using silver-doped zinc oxide nanoparticles: an economical solution for circular economy.

The waste management of polyethylene terephthalate (PET)-derived polyester (PES) textile is a global issue, and material recovery through chemical recycling can restore a circular economy. In our investigation, microwave-induced catalytic aminolysis and glycolysis of PES textile wastes using Ag-doped ZnO nanoparticles have been proposed. Ag-doped ZnO is prepared by the sol-gel method and characterised by XRD, FT-IR, UV-Vis, SEM-EDX and TEM.

Impact of microfiber pollution on aquatic biota: A critical analysis of effects and preventive measures.

The widespread use of Personal protective equipments (PPEs) by the healthcare professionals and public due to Corona Virus Disease (COVID-19) pandemic has become a new source for MFs pollution. Mismanaged plastic wastes and random dispose of used surgical face mask end up in large aquatic bodies via small waterways and waste water treatment plants (WWTPs). Microplastics/Microfibres (MPs/MFs) have recently been reported in a variety of aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems, including water, deep sea sediments, air and soil.

Evaluation of wound healing active principles in the transdermal patch formulated with crude bio wastes and plant extracts against GSK-3 beta an study.

The wound-healing process is accelerated by inhibiting proteins that decelerate the wound-healing pathway. One of the active proteins involved in enhancing healing at the nuclear level and in gene expression is catenin. Inhibition of Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3β (GSK3 β) phosphorylates and degrades catenin via the downstream Wnt signalling pathway, thereby stabilizing catenin.

Adsorption of Selenium and Lanthanum by Agrobacterium-mediated Hairy Roots of Hybanthus Enneaspermus (L.) F. Muell: A Greener Phytoremediation Strategy.

In this study, phytoremediation potential of toxic metals like selenium (Se) and lanthanum (La) by transformed hairy roots was investigated and compared with plantlets under in-vitro conditions. Agrobacterium rhizogenes A4RS could induce hairy roots with higher biomass in 5-7 days of infection on in-vitro leaves of Hybanthus enneaspermus. The ICP-OES data indicated that the hairy roots were able to accumulate both selenium and lanthanum efficiently compared to plantlets.

Immunostimulatory effect of mannan-oligosaccharides supplementation diet in milkfish (Chanos chanos).

The current study was designed to examine the impacts of dietary mannan-oligosaccharides (MOS) on growth, hemato-biochemical changes, digestive-antioxidant enzyme activity, immune response, and disease resistance of milkfish (Chanos chanos) fed diets contained MOS i.e. 1g, 2g, and 3g MOS.

Spatiotemporal distribution, trend, forecast, and influencing factors of transboundary and local air pollutants in Nagasaki Prefecture, Japan.

The study of PM and NO has been emphasized in recent years due to their adverse effects on public health. To better understand these pollutants, many studies have researched the spatiotemporal distribution, trend, forecast, or influencing factors of these pollutants. However, rarely studies have combined these to generate a more holistic understanding that can be used to assess air pollution and implement more effective strategies.

In vitro and in vivo investigation of chrysin chelated copper complex as biocompatible materials for bone tissue engineering applications.

Flavonoid metal complexes have interesting properties and are widely explored for bone regeneration owing to their potent biological activity. In the present study, we investigated the biocompatibility and osteogenic properties of the Copper(II)-chrysin complex (C/Cu). The biocompatibility of C/Cu was assessed in vitro with human osteoblastic cells and in vivo using chick embryo and zebrafish models.

Evaluation of benzo[]pyrene-induced toxicity in the estuarine thornfish .

Our previous study reported that chronic exposure to sublethal levels of estrogen induces DNA damage and endocrine dysfunction in sea bass. In this study, we extended our hypothesis to test changes in genotoxicity and biotransformation induced by Benzo[]pyrene (BaP) that may regulate endocrine disorders in the estuarine fish. an euryhaline fish was exposed to BaP at two different ambient concentrations for 21 days.

Microplastic contamination in commercial fish species in southern coastal region of India.

Due to its potential impact on food safety and human health, commercial species that have been contaminated with microplastics (MPs) are drawing more attention on a global scale. This study investigated the possibility of MPs contamination in different marine fish species with substantial commercial value that was captured off the south coast of India, from Adyar and Ennore regions. Over the course of six months, from October 2019 to March 2020, 220 fish were examined.

Isolation of moderately halotolerant bacterial strains, associated with coral Porites lutea from Gulf of Kachchh: Antibacterial activity and PHB production.

The marine ecosystem contains a solution for food, shelter, pharmaceutical problems and has a key role in the economy of the country as tourism. The Gulf of Kachchh, known for its high tides and the coral reefs are less explored for its antibiotic activity due to the coral bleaching and diseases. The bacterial strains in the coral Porites lutea are determined to possess antibiotic activity against bacterial strains such as E.

Plaster board waste (PBW) - A potential fluoride leaching source in soil/water environments and, fluoride immobilization studies using soils.

Plaster board waste generated from industries, usually contains major proportion of calcium as calcium sulfate. In addition, fluoride is remarkably one among the constituents of this waste material which leaches off into the soil and aquatic environments and causes fluoride pollution. In order to simulate how the dumping of PBW causes fluoride contamination in soil and water sources, shaking and stirring based batch-mode leaching studies were conducted.

Construction of AgCO/BiOBr/CdS ternary composite photocatalyst with improved visible-light photocatalytic activity on tetracycline molecule degradation.

Photocatalytic degradation was considered as a best strategy for the removal of antibiotic drug pollutants from wastewater. The photocatalyst of ABC (AgCO/BiOBr/CdS) composite synthesized by hydrothermal and precipitation method. The ABC composite used to investigate the degradation activity of tetracycline (TC) under visible light irradiation.

Electrical conductivity and electrochemical studies of Cr-doped MoO nanoflakes for energy storage applications.

The growing demand for electricity has increased the interest of the researchers towards exploration of energy storing devices (ESDs). With the motif for developing electrochemical energy storage devices, this research work is focussed on the study of MoO nanoparticles and its doping with chromium as an efficient electrode material for energy storage applications. The nanoparticles were synthesized by hydrothermal method and were examined by powder X-ray diffraction, which determined the thermodynamically stable orthorhombic phase of MoO, and their morphologies were examined using scanning electron microscopy displaying flake-like structures.

The Effect of Gut Microbiota and Probiotics on Metabolism in Fish and Shrimp.

The present paper presents an overview of the effects of gut microbiota and probiotics on lipid-, carbohydrate-, protein- and amino acid metabolism in fish and shrimp. In probiotic fish studies, the zebrafish () model is the most frequently used, and probiotic administration reveals the effect on glucose homeostasis, anti-lipidemic effects and increasing short-chain fatty acids, and increased expressions of genes related to carbohydrate metabolism and innate immunity, along with down-regulation of oxidative stress-related genes. Further, improved length of the intestinal villi and expression of nutrient transporters in fish owing to probiotics exposure have been documented.