Simultaneous 2-photon and 3-photon excitation with a red fluorescent protein-cyanine dye probe pair in the 1700-nm excitation window for deep neurovascular imaging.

imaging of the neurovascular network is considered to be one of the most powerful approaches for understanding brain functionality. Nevertheless, simultaneously imaging the biological neural network and blood vessels in deep brain layers in a non-invasive manner remains to a major challenge due to the lack of appropriate labeling fluorescence probe pairs. Herein, we proposed a 2-photon and 3-photon fluorescence probe pair for neurovascular imaging.

[The new generations of CAR-T cells].

Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T is one of the most promising modern cancer immunotherapies. In the recent years, impressive results have been obtained in the treatment of cancer which led to FDA approval for the treatment of liquid tumors. In this cell-based therapy, immune cells (e.

Transposable element exonization generates a reservoir of evolving and functional protein isoforms.

Alternative splicing enhances protein diversity in different ways, including through exonization of transposable elements (TEs). Recent transcriptomic analyses identified thousands of unannotated spliced transcripts with exonizing TEs, but their contribution to the proteome and biological relevance remains unclear. Here, we use transcriptome assembly, ribosome profiling, and proteomics to describe a population of 1,227 unannotated TE exonizing isoforms generated by mRNA splicing and recurrent in human populations.

Strain phylogroup and environmental constraints shape Escherichia coli dynamics and diversity over a twenty-year human gut time series.

Escherichia coli is an increasingly antibiotic-resistant opportunistic pathogen. Few data are available on its ecological and evolutionary dynamics in its primary commensal niche, the vertebrate gut. Using Illumina and/or Nanopore technologies, we sequenced whole genomes of 210 E.

Widespread presence of metallic compounds and organic contaminants across Pacific coral reef fish.

Coral reef fishes represent an invaluable source of macro- and micro-nutrients for tropical coastal populations. However, several potentially toxic compounds may jeopardize their contribution to food security. Concentrations of metallic compounds and trace elements (MTEs), and persistent organic pollutants (POPs, including pesticides and polychlorobiphenyls PCBs), totalizing 36 contaminants, were measured in coral reef fish from several Pacific islands.

Identifying the impact of local connectivity patterns on dynamics in excitatory-inhibitory networks.

Networks of excitatory and inhibitory (EI) neurons form a canonical circuit in the brain. Seminal theoretical results on dynamics of such networks are based on the assumption that synaptic strengths depend on the type of neurons they connect, but are otherwise statistically independent. Recent synaptic physiology datasets however highlight the prominence of specific connectivity patterns that go well beyond what is expected from independent connections.

Immobility of isolated swarmer cells due to local liquid depletion.

Bacterial swarming is a complex phenomenon in which thousands of self-propelled rod-shaped cells move coherently on surfaces, providing an excellent example of active matter. However, bacterial swarming is different from most studied examples of active systems because single isolated cells do not move, while clusters do. The biophysical aspects underlying this behavior are unclear.

Whip black corals (Antipatharia: Antipathidae: Stichopathes) of the Mesophotic Coral Ecosystem of Mo'orea (French Polynesia), with the description of a new species.

Black corals are key species of marine ecosystems. They can be found in dense aggregations worldwide, but some parts of the world remain totally unexplored. This is the case of the Mesophotic Coral Ecosystem of Mo'orea where the Under the Pole scientific expedition explored mesophotic ecosystems between 60 and 120 m depth and focused on whip black corals.

Nuclear Magnetic Resonance with a Levitating Microparticle.

Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spans diverse fields from biology to quantum science. Employing NMR on a floating object could unveil novel possibilities beyond conventional operational paradigms. Here, we observe NMR within a levitating microdiamond using the nuclear spins of nitrogen-14 atoms.

Intricate ribosome composition and translational reprogramming in epithelial-mesenchymal transition.

Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) involves profound changes in cell morphology, driven by transcriptional and epigenetic reprogramming. However, evidence suggests that translation and ribosome composition also play key roles in establishing pathophysiological phenotypes. Using genome-wide analyses, we reported significant rearrangement of the translational landscape and machinery during EMT.

Infant low-frequency EEG cortical power, cortical tracking and phase-amplitude coupling predicts language a year later.

Cortical signals have been shown to track acoustic and linguistic properties of continuous speech. This phenomenon has been measured in both children and adults, reflecting speech understanding by adults as well as cognitive functions such as attention and prediction. Furthermore, atypical low-frequency cortical tracking of speech is found in children with phonological difficulties (developmental dyslexia).

Myosin 1b regulates intestinal epithelial morphogenesis via interaction with UNC45A.

Vesicle trafficking and the establishment of apicobasal polarity are essential processes in epithelial morphogenesis. UNC45A deficiency has been reported in a multi-organ syndrome presenting with severe diarrhea associated with enterocyte polarity defects. Myosin 1b, an actin motor able to bind membranes, regulates membrane shaping and vesicle trafficking.

In situ spheroid formation in distant submillimetre-bright galaxies.

Most stars in today's Universe reside within spheroids, which are bulges of spiral galaxies and elliptical galaxies. Their formation is still an unsolved problem. Infrared/submillimetre-bright galaxies at high redshifts have long been suspected to be related to spheroid formation.

Associating Disrupted Intrinsic Functional Networks with Cognitive and Socio-Affective Skills Following Cerebellar Stroke.

Stroke patients often experience post-stroke emotional impairments, yet the underlying pathophysiology remains unclear. At the brain level, dysregulation of socio-affective skills should be considered through alterations in brain networks instead of isolated regions. Investigating network alterations may be crucial in explaining emotional or cognitive deficits.

Diverting glial glycolytic flux towards neurons is a memory-relevant role of Drosophila CRH-like signalling.

An essential role of glial cells is to comply with the large and fluctuating energy needs of neurons. Metabolic adaptation is integral to the acute stress response, suggesting that glial cells could be major, yet overlooked, targets of stress hormones. Here we show that Dh44 neuropeptide, Drosophila homologue of mammalian corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH), acts as an experience-dependent metabolic switch for glycolytic output in glia.

Characterizing the Slow Dynamics of the Swap Monte Carlo Algorithm.

The swap Monte Carlo algorithm introduces nonphysical dynamic rules to accelerate the exploration of the configuration space of supercooled liquids. Its success raises deep questions regarding the nature and physical origin of the slow dynamics of dense liquids and how it is affected by swap moves. We provide a detailed analysis of the slow dynamics generated by the swap Monte Carlo algorithm at very low temperatures in two glass-forming models.

Immune digital twins for complex human pathologies: applications, limitations, and challenges.

Digital twins represent a key technology for precision health. Medical digital twins consist of computational models that represent the health state of individual patients over time, enabling optimal therapeutics and forecasting patient prognosis. Many health conditions involve the immune system, so it is crucial to include its key features when designing medical digital twins.

Pan-Cancer Analysis of PTBP1 to Identify it as a Prognostic and Immunological Biomarker.

Objectives: Human cancer is considered to be an important cause of death worldwide. Polypyrimidine tract binding protein 1 (PTBP1) is emerging as a powerful pro-oncogenic factor in bladder and liver cancer; however, no pan-cancer analysis is presently available. Our study aimed to explore PTBP1 expression profiles, prognostic immunological value, and biological functions across various cancers.

IL1R2 Acts as a Negative Regulator of Monocyte Recruitment During Inflammation.

IL1-β plays a central role in inflammation but its biological action needs to be tightly controlled. Such negative regulation can be exerted by the decoy receptor IL1R2. However, IL1R2 biology in immune cells remains poorly characterized, in particular in monocytes.

PIEZO-dependent mechanosensing is essential for intestinal stem cell fate decision and maintenance.

Stem cells perceive and respond to biochemical and physical signals to maintain homeostasis. Yet, it remains unclear how stem cells sense mechanical signals from their niche in vivo. In this work, we investigated the roles of PIEZO mechanosensitive channels in the intestinal stem cell (ISC) niche.