7,389 results match your criteria: "PRC; Stanford University School of Medicine[Affiliation]"

Background: In vitro embryo production is increasingly used for genetic improvement in cattle but bypasses the oviduct environment and exposes the embryos to oxidative stress with deleterious effects on further development. Here we aimed to examine the effect of oviduct epithelial spheroids (OES) on embryo development and quality in terms of morphology and gene expression during two co-culture times (4 days: up to embryonic genome activation at 8-16 cell stage vs. 7 days: up to blastocyst stage) and under two oxygen levels (5% vs.

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Registry-based study comparing health-related quality of life between patients with primary rectal cancer and locally recurrent rectal cancer.

Eur J Surg Oncol

December 2024

Clinical Trials Research Unit, Leeds Institute of Clinical Trials Research, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK; Department of Colorectal Surgery, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK.

Aim: National clinical registries offer the benefits of a comprehensive dataset, particularly when linked with patient-reported outcome (PRO) data. This aim of this study was to utilise UK registry data to assess cross-sectional differences in health-related quality of life (HrQoL) in patients with primary rectal (PRC) and locally recurrent rectal cancer (LRRC).

Materials And Methods: Data were extracted from the COloRECTal cancer Repository (CORECT-R) and the Locally Recurrent Rectal Cancer - Quality of Life (LRRC-QoL) datasets.

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EMBRYONIC FLOWER 1 regulates male reproduction by repressing the jasmonate pathway downstream transcription factor MYB26.

Plant Cell

December 2024

The Key Laboratory of Plant Development and Environmental Adaptation Biology, Ministry of Education, Shandong Key Laboratory of Precision Molecular Crop Design and Breeding, School of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China.

The evolutionarily conserved Polycomb repressive complexes (PRCs) mediate genome-wide transcriptional silencing and regulate a plethora of development, as well as environmental responses in multicellular organisms. The PRC2-catalyzed trimethylation of lysine 27 on histone H3 (H3K27me3) is recognized by reader-effector modules of Polycomb repressive complex 1 (PRC1) to implement gene repression. Here, we report that the Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) H3K27me3 effector EMBRYONIC FLOWER 1 (EMF1) interacts with and constrains the R2R3 DNA binding transcription factor MYB26 by a eudicot-conserved motif in the stamen.

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Article Synopsis
  • The ovarian follicle's development relies on factors from both the blood and follicular cells, with extracellular vesicles (EVs) playing a crucial role in communication within the follicle.
  • Recent findings indicate that EVs are involved in follicular development and disorders like polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), with different protein patterns seen in EVs from follicular fluid (FF) and plasma.
  • sEVs from normal patients enhance steroid hormone secretion in granulosa cells, while those from PCOS patients fail to do so, indicating that PCOS alters granulosa cell functions, including inflammation and steroid production.
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proposes that co-occurring, mutually reinforcing psychosocial challenges (mental health, substance use, minority stress [discrimination/stigma], abuse, unmet basic needs) drive HIV risk behavior and create barriers to care for marginalized populations. It is thus necessary to address this holistic, complex picture in HIV prevention. Emergency department (ED) visits are a prime opportunity to engage key risk groups, given their low engagement in regular clinic-based care and high utilization of drop-in care via EDs.

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Health and performance of vaulting horses cantering with reins might be affected by rein tensions. The primary aim of this present study was to measure rein and lunge line tensions in international-level vaulting horses with several types of reins adjusted in accordance with the requirements of the FEI Vaulting Rules and study the effect of reins types on it. The secondary aim was to evaluate behavioural signs of discomfort under the same conditions and study the effect of reins types on it.

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Phosphogypsum with Rice Cultivation Driven Saline-Alkali Soil Remediation Alters the Microbial Community Structure.

Plants (Basel)

October 2024

State Key Laboratory of Black Soils Conservation and Utilization, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130102, China.

Article Synopsis
  • - The research investigates how applying phosphogypsum and rice cultivation (PRC) affects soil properties and bacterial communities in saline-alkali paddy fields in Songnen Plain, China, which is crucial for food security and agricultural advancement.
  • - Results indicate that PRC significantly improves soil conditions by reducing salinity, enhancing nutrient efficiency, and increasing enzyme activity related to carbon and nutrient cycling.
  • - The study finds that after years of PRC application, soil quality continues to enhance, suggesting a sustainable approach to managing saline-alkali land that boosts agricultural productivity and ecosystem health.
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  • The study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of strain elastography (SE) in improving the categorization of ultrasound Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System (BI-RADS) 3 and 4a lesions, potentially reducing unnecessary biopsies.
  • A total of 4,371 patients were analyzed, using various methods to combine BI-RADS with elasticity scores and strain ratios, which showed improved diagnostic performance compared to BI-RADS alone.
  • The findings suggested that downgrading only BI-RADS 4a lesions might be sufficient for maintaining a high diagnostic accuracy, thereby decreasing false-positive rates in breast biopsies.
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Introduction: There are no published data on the written language skills of gifted children (GC). The objective of the present study was to evaluate reading abilities of GC vs. normative data from typically developing French children (TDC).

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Article Synopsis
  • - The implementation of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) is struggling because of siloed strategies that prevent a unified approach.
  • - To tackle these issues, the text highlights three key areas: how SDGs interact with each other, modeling these interactions, and using appropriate tools.
  • - By focusing on these interconnected aspects, the aim is to enhance progress on the SDGs and effectively apply the principles of integration and indivisibility.
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  • The study examined 25 biodiversity databases focusing on how they model and present taxon hierarchy, revealing significant gaps in formalized structures.
  • Nearly half of these databases lacked a defined taxon hierarchy, providing only limited biological information, which hampers usability for researchers.
  • The existing databases predominantly use the less effective Adjacency List model for taxon representation, whereas the more suitable Closure Table model is underutilized despite its alignment with ontology concepts.
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  • The paper addresses the issue of varying safety levels in coal mines in China by analyzing the factors contributing to spatial and temporal differences using advanced statistical methods like GeoDetector and the Spatial Dubin Model (SDM).
  • It identifies 15 key indicators impacting coal mine safety, with interactions among them having significant non-linear effects, particularly between the excavated environment and other factors.
  • The findings reveal that industrial development is the strongest influence on safety levels, followed by capital allocation, while certain indicators like temperature and wind speed directly affect safety, with other economic factors causing positive spillover effects in neighboring areas.
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  • - The study investigates how genetic selection and early social environment affect sociability in quail, focusing on lines selected for high (S+) or low (S-) motivation to approach others.
  • - Researchers found distinct differences in brain markers related to social behaviors between the S+ and S- quail, indicating that sex and brain regions play a role in these behaviors.
  • - Additionally, introducing S- males to S+ groups improved social skills in S- without changing S+ sociability, suggesting early social interactions can influence genetic outcomes in behavior.
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Bone healing is crucial in managing osteomyelitis after fracture fixation. Understanding the mechanism of extensive callus formation in pediatric osteomyelitis is highly important. This study aims to analyze bone and periosteum samples from pediatric patients to elucidate the essential processes involved in callus formation during osteomyelitis.

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Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is an X-linked recessive disease characterized by mutations in the dystrophin gene, causing motor and pulmonary function decline. Viltolarsen is indicated for patients with dystrophin gene mutations amenable to exon 53 skipping. Here, we report safety, motor function, and the first pulmonary function results from the open-label, phase II Galactic53 trial of viltolarsen (NCT04956289).

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Performance of the multi-U-style structure based flow field for polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell.

Sci Rep

October 2024

Key Laboratory of Advanced Manufacturing Technology for Automobile Parts, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing, 400050, China.

The design of the reactant gas flow field structure in bipolar plates significantly influences the performance of proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs). In this study, we introduced four innovative U-shaped flow field designs, namely: In-Out Multi-U, Out-In Multi-U, Distro In-Out Multi-U, and Distro Out-In Multi-U. To investigate the impact of these various flow fields on PEMFC performance, we conducted computational fluid dynamics (CFD) numerical simulations, validated through model experiments.

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The development and distribution of educational materials is a key strategy to support the implementation of evidence-based interventions (EBIs). Rural communities have higher rates of physical inactivity and face higher burden of many diseases that increased physical activity can prevent. To support the translation of a developed physical activity intervention for adults in micropolitan communities (10,000-50,000 people), called Active Iowa, the University of Iowa Prevention Research Center for Rural Health (PRC-RH) created a toolkit and supplemental resources designed to guide implementers through the implementation of the intervention.

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Article Synopsis
  • The study focuses on developing a preoperative prediction model for early recurrence in patients with perihilar cholangiocarcinoma (pCCA) after surgery, as this is a major cause of death in these patients.
  • It involved 400 pCCA patients who underwent curative resection, with data divided into training and testing groups to identify significant predictive variables using LASSO regression alongside various machine learning models.
  • Among the findings, five key factors were identified, and the random forest model showed the highest predictive accuracy with a notable difference in recurrence-free survival rates between high-risk and low-risk patients.
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The tumor suppressor p53 responds to cellular stress and activates transcription programs critical for regulating cell fate. DNA damage triggers oscillations in p53 levels with a robust period. Guided by the theory of synchronization and entrainment, we developed a mathematical model and experimental system to test the ability of the p53 oscillator to entrain to external drug pulses of various periods and strengths.

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Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a complex neurodevelopmental condition characterized by impairments in social interaction and communication, as well as restrained or stereotyped behaviors. The inherent heterogeneity within the autism spectrum poses challenges for developing effective pharmacological treatments targeting core features. Successful clinical trials require the identification of robust markers to enable patient stratification.

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Purpose: We conducted a proof-of-concept study to evaluate the effects of galantamine treatment versus placebo combined to cognitive rehabilitation (CR) after stroke.

Materials And Methods: In this 12-week, double blinded, randomized, controlled trial, patients were assigned to either combined approach of galantamine and CR (G-CR) or placebo and CR (P-CR). Primary outcome was the proportion of patients who crossed over from vascular cognitive disorder (VCD) to no-VCD at 12 weeks.

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Discovery of organosulfur-based selective HDAC8 inhibitors with anti-neuroblastoma activity.

Eur J Pharm Sci

December 2024

College of Pharmacy, Sookmyung Women's University, Cheongpa-ro 47-gil 100, Yongsan-gu, Seoul, 04310, Republic of Korea. Electronic address:

Histone deacetylases (HDACs) are important epigenetic regulators of gene expression and various cellular processes, and are potential targets for anticancer therapy. In particular, HDAC8 is a promising therapeutic target for childhood neuroblastoma. To date, five HDAC inhibitors have been approved as anticancer drugs; however, all are non-selective HDAC inhibitors with various side effects.

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Physical reservoir computing on a soft bio-inspired swimmer.

Neural Netw

January 2025

Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, USA. Electronic address:

Bio-inspired Autonomous Underwater Vehicles with soft bodies provide significant performance benefits over conventional propeller-driven vehicles; however, it is difficult to control these vehicles due to their soft underactuated bodies. This study investigates the application of Physical Reservoir Computing (PRC) in the swimmer's flexible body to perform state estimation. This PRC informed state estimation has potential to be used in vehicle control.

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Article Synopsis
  • This research assessed the effectiveness of new ultrasound features in detecting fetal anal atresia and investigated its perinatal incidence across a large sample of 94,701 pregnancies.
  • The study used routine neonatal examinations as the gold standard for diagnosis and calculated the annual incidence of anal atresia, revealing rates between 0.57‰ and 1.29‰ from 2019 to 2023.
  • Results indicated that the new ultrasound approach outperformed traditional methods in key diagnostic metrics, confirming its high validity and clinical value for fetal anal atresia detection.
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Visual reading for [F]Florzolotau Tau PET scans in progressive supranuclear palsy.

Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging

January 2025

Department of Nuclear Medicine & PET Center, National Center for Neurological Disorders, and National Clinical Research Center for Aging and Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.

Article Synopsis
  • The study aimed to create a visual reading algorithm for tau PET imaging to improve diagnosis of progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP), addressing the lack of standardized methods specifically for PSP.
  • Involving 148 PSP patients and 30 healthy individuals, the study established and validated reading rules through assessments by multiple trained readers, focusing on specific brain regions associated with PSP.
  • Results revealed high agreement among readers in their evaluations, demonstrating that the visual reading algorithm effectively supports the accurate identification of PSP using [F]Florzolotau PET imaging.
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