The Q-Band Energetics and Relaxation of Chlorophylls and as Revealed by Visible-to-Near Infrared Time-Resolved Absorption Spectroscopy.

Chlorophyll (Chl) is the most abundant light-harvesting pigment of oxygenic photosynthetic organisms; however, the Q-band energetics and relaxation dynamics remain unclear. In this work, we have applied femtosecond time-resolved (-TA) absorption spectroscopy in 430-1,700 nm to Chls and in diluted pyridine solutions under selective optical excitation within their Q-bands. The results revealed distinct near-infrared absorption features of the B ← Q and B ← Q transitions in 930-1,700 nm, which together with the steady-state absorption in 400-700 nm unveiled the Q-state energy that lies 1,000 ± 400 and 600 ± 400 cm above the Q-state for Chls and , respectively.

Activation of TFEB protects against diabetic vascular calcification by improving autophagic flux and activating Nrf2 antioxidant system.

Autophagic flux blockade and excessive oxidative stress play important roles in the pathogenesis of diabetic vascular calcification (VC). Transcription factor EB (TFEB) is an important regulator of many autophagy-lysosomal related components, which is mainly involved in promoting autophagy process in cells. Nuclear factor erythroid-2 related factor 2 (Nrf2) antioxidant system is considered as one of the key pathways in response to intracellular oxidative stress.

Stability of Proton Superoxide and its Superionic Transition Under High Pressure.

Under extreme conditions, condensed matters are subject to undergo a phase transition and there have been many attempts to find another form of hydroxide stabilized over HO. Here, using Density Functional Theory (DFT)-based crystal structure prediction including zero-point energy, it is that proton superoxide (HO), the lightest superoxide, can be stabilized energetically at high pressure and temperature conditions. HO is metallic at high pressure, which originates from the 𝜋 orbitals overlap between adjacent superoxide anions (O ).

Visible-Light-Driven Fluorescence Turn-on Photoswitches With Near Quantitative Photocyclization Yield.

Photoswitchable fluorescent materials have gained significant attention for their potential in advanced information encryption and anti-counterfeiting applications. However, the common use of UV light to trigger the isomerization processes leads to photobleaching and poor fatigue resistance. Visible-light-driven fluorescent photoswitches are highly desirable, but achieving high cyclization yield remains challenging.

Mitochondrial Electron Flow Dynamics Imaging for Assessing Mitochondrial Quality and Drug Screening.

Mitochondrial quality control is paramount for cellular development, with mitochondrial electron flow (Mito-EF) playing a central role in maintaining mitochondrial homeostasis. However, unlike visible protein entities, which can be monitored through chemical biotechnology, regulating mitochondrial quality control by invisible entities such as Mito-EF has remained elusive. Here, a Mito-EF tracker (Mito-EFT) with a four-pronged probe design is presented to elucidate the dynamic mechanisms of Mito-EF's involvement in mitochondrial quality control.

Engineered Microneedle System Enables the Smart Regulation of Nanodynamic Sterilization and Tissue Regeneration for Wound Management.

The healing of bacterial biofilm-infected wounds is a complex process, and the construction of emerging therapeutic modalities that regulate the microenvironment to magnify therapeutic effects and reduce biotoxicity is still highly challenging. Herein, an engineered microneedle (MN) patch is reported to mediate the efficient delivery of black phosphorus nanosheets (BP NSs) and copper peroxide nanodots (CP NDs) for dual nanodynamic sterilization and methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (MRSA)-infected wound healing. Results demonstrate that the system can eliminate biofilm, reduce cytotoxicity, promote angiogenesis and tissue regeneration by the multiple advantages of chemodynamic therapy (CDT), enhanced photodynamic therapy (PDT), and improved degradation process from BP NSs to phosphate for promoting cell proliferation.

Achieving Narrowband and Stable Pure Blue Organic Light-Emitting Diodes by Employing Molecular Vibration Limited Strategies in the Extended π-Conjugated Indolocarbazole Skeleton.

B- and N-heterocyclic fluorophores have reveal promising efficiency in blue organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) with small full-width-at-half-maximum (FWHM). However, their structural determinants for spectral broadening and operating stability are still needed to be investigated in further. Herein, a novel multi-N-heterocycles Diindolo[3,2,1jk:3',2',1'jk]dicarbazole[1,2-b:4,5-b] (DIDCz) is proposed to manipulate the emission color toward pure blue region by extending π-conjugation of the N-π-N bridge.

Rescuing ACE2-Deficiency-Mediated Nucleus Pulposus Senescence and Intervertebral Disc Degeneration by a Nanotopology-Enhanced RNAi System.

Nucleus pulposus cell (NPC) senescence contributes to intervertebral disc degeneration (IVDD). However, the underlying molecular mechanisms are not fully understood. In this study, it is demonstrated that angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) counteracted the aging of NPCs and IVDD at the cellular and physiological levels.

Superior Multimodal Luminescence in a Stable Single-Host Nanomaterial with Large-Scale Synthesis for High-Level Anti-Counterfeiting and Encryption.

Multimode luminescent materials exhibit tunable photon emissions under different excitation or stimuli channels, endowing them high encoding capacity and confidentiality for anti-counterfeiting and encryption. Achieving multimode luminescence into a stable single material presents a promising but remains a challenge. Here, the downshifting/upconversion emissions, color-tuning persistent luminescence (PersL), temperature-dependent multi-color emissions, and hydrochromism are integrated into Er ions doped CsNaYbCl nanocrystals (NCs) by leveraging shallow defect levels and directed energy migration.

Equalization of basic public services enabled by digitization: A study of mechanism and heterogeneity.

Digitalization has penetrated into every aspect of life. However, research on the mechanisms through which digitalization affects the equalization of basic public services, as well as the heterogeneity of its impact on different fields of these services, is still insufficient. Based on the panel data of 30 provincial-level administrative regions in China from 2013 to 2023, this paper studies the mechanism and heterogeneity of the impact of digital development on the equalization of basic public services.

Differential insulin response characteristics of graphene oxide-gold nanoparticle composites under varied synthesis conditions.

The structural alterations in the constituent materials of nanocomposites such as graphene nanocomposites typically induce changes in their properties including mechanical, electrical, and optical properties. Therefore, by altering the preparation conditions of nanocomposites and investigating their responsiveness to basic biomolecules (such as proteins), it is possible to explore the application potentials of the composites and guide development of new nanocomposite preparation. In this study, different composites of graphene oxide and gold nanoparticles (AuNPs/GO) were obtained by varying the volumes of reducing agents used in the one-pot hydrothermal method.

Ionic Liquid-Functionalized Defective MOFs for Membrane-Based CO Separation: A Dual Optimization Approach for Interface and Transport.

Defective MOFs have been identified as promising candidates for efficient membrane-based separation applications. However, the utilization of defective MOFs in membrane gas separation is still in its infancy due primarily to the inefficient molecular differentiation induced by structural defects. Herein, we report a strategic combination of ionic liquid (IL) and defective UiO-66-NH MOF to ameliorate the CO/N selectivity within the highly permeable PIM-1 polymer.

Scale-Up of Human Amniotic Epithelial Cells Through Regulation of Epithelial-Mesenchymal Plasticity Under Defined Conditions.

Human amniotic epithelial cells (hAECs) have shown excellent efficacy in clinical research and have prospective applications in the treatment of many diseases. However, the properties of the hAECs and their proliferative mechanisms remain unclear. Here, single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) is performed on hAECs obtained from amniotic tissues at different gestational ages and passages during in vitro culture.

Hindered Sedimentation of Tungsten Carbide Particles in a Hydroxyl-Terminated Polybutadiene-Based Polymer-Bonded Explosive Energetic Composite System.

Energetic composite systems with uniform particle distributions are of considerable interest, but sedimentation is a persisting challenge. Tungsten carbide (WC, density: 15.36 g/cm) particles are promising cemented carbide particles owing to their desirable properties.

Localized Bicirculating DNAzyme Self-Feedback Amplification Strategy for Ultra-Sensitive Fluorescence Biosensing of MicroRNA.

DNAzyme-based cascade networks are effective tools to achieve ultrasensitive detection of low-abundance miRNAs. However, their designs are complicated and costly, and the operation is time-consuming. Herein, a novel simple noncascade DNAzyme network is designed and its amplification effect is comparable to or even better than many cascading ones.

Hepatotoxicity of Three Common Liquid Crystal Monomers in : Differentiation of Actions Across Different Receptors and Pathways.

Liquid crystal monomers (LCMs) of different chemical structures were widely detected in various environmental matrices. However, their health risk evaluation is lacking. Herein, three representative LCMs were selected from 74 LCM candidates upon literature review and acute cytotoxicity evaluation, then were exposed to the three LCMs for 42 days at doses of 0.

Boosting the Hydrogen Evolution Activity of a Low-Coordinated Co─N─C Catalyst via Vacancy Defect-Mediated Alteration of the Intermediate Adsorption Configuration.

The cobalt-nitrogen-carbon (Co─N─C) single-atom catalysts (SACs) are promising alternatives to precious metals for catalyzing the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and their activity is highly dependent on the coordination environments of the metal centers. Herein, a NaHCO etching strategy is developed to introduce abundant in-plane pores within the carbon substrates that further enable the construction of low-coordinated and asymmetric Co─N sites with nearby vacancy defects in a Co─N─C catalyst. This catalyst exhibits a high HER activity with an overpotential (η) of merely 78 mV to deliver a current density of 10 mA cm, a Tafel slope of 45.

Visible-Light-Induced Glycosylation/Annulation of 2-Isocyanobiaryls and Glycosyl NHP Esters to Access Nonclassical Heteroaryl C-Glycosides.

A photoredox-promoted cascade glycosylation/cyclization reaction of 2-isocyanobiaryls and glycosyl NHP esters was established for the synthesis of nonclassical heteroaryl C-glycosides. This methodology is characterized by an exceedingly simple reaction system, high diastereoselectivity, and good functional group tolerance. In contrast to traditional strategies, this innovative approach circumvents the need for high temperature, transition metal, and photocatalyst, offering an environmentally friendly and efficient protocol.

sp. nov., a novel yeast species isolated from plant leaves in China.

Two novel yeast strains, NYNU 236247 and NYNU 23523, were isolated from the leaves of Hance, collected in the Tianchi Mountain National Forest Park, Henan Province, central China. Phylogenetic analysis of the D1/D2 domain of the large subunit rRNA gene and the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region revealed the closest relatives of the strains are three described species: , and . The novel species differed from the type strains of these three species by 12 to 22 nucleotide substitutions and 1 gap (~2.

Electrodeposited Nitrate-Intercalated NiFeCe-Based (Oxy)hydroxide Heterostructure as a Competent Electrocatalyst for Overall Water Splitting.

Electrochemical water splitting is a promising method for the generation of "green hydrogen", a renewable and sustainable energy source. However, the complex, multistep synthesis processes, often involving hazardous or expensive chemicals, limit its broader adoption. Herein, a nitrate (NO) anion-intercalated nickel-iron-cerium mixed-metal (oxy)hydroxide heterostructure electrocatalyst is fabricated on nickel foam (NiFeCeOH@NF) via a simple electrodeposition method followed by cyclic voltammetry activation to enhance its surface properties.

A Novel High-Conjugated Probe of 4-(Acridone-10-yl)-Phenylethyl Chloroformate (APE-Cl) for Rapid Detection of Amino Compounds Using HPLC with Fluorescence Detection.

The fluorescence detection of amino compounds and the evaluation of their content in environmental samples are vital, not only for assessing food quality but also for studying soil organic matter. Here, we present the synthesis and application of a novel fluorescent probe, 4-(9-acridone)benzylmethyl carbonochloride (APE-Cl), for detecting amino compounds via a chloroformate reaction with fluorescence detection. The complete derivatization reaction of APE-Cl with amino compounds can be accomplished in aqueous acetonitrile within 5 min at room temperature, using 0.

Automatic segmentation model and machine learning model grounded in ultrasound radiomics for distinguishing between low malignant risk and intermediate-high malignant risk of adnexal masses.

Objective: To develop an automatic segmentation model to delineate the adnexal masses and construct a machine learning model to differentiate between low malignant risk and intermediate-high malignant risk of adnexal masses based on ovarian-adnexal reporting and data system (O-RADS).

Methods: A total of 663 ultrasound images of adnexal mass were collected and divided into two sets according to experienced radiologists: a low malignant risk set (n = 446) and an intermediate-high malignant risk set (n = 217). Deep learning segmentation models were trained and selected to automatically segment adnexal masses.

Electrochemical Cyclizative Carboxylation of Alkene-Tethered Aryl Isocyanides with Carbon Dioxide.

Herein, we present an unprecedented electrochemical reductive cyclizative carboxylation of -vinylphenyl isocyanides with carbon dioxide achieved without the use of metal catalysts. This protocol demonstrates a broad substrate scope and good functional group tolerance, facilitating the rapid assembly of 2-oxoindolin-3-acetic acids in good to high yields with excellent regioselectivity. Furthermore, these structural motifs may have potential applications in formal synthesis of bioactive natural products.

Highly polarized single-crystal organic light-emitting devices with low turn-on voltage and high brightness.

Linearly-polarized organic electroluminescent devices have gained significant attention due to their potential applications across various fields. However, traditional thin-film organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) face significant challenges, primarily due to the necessity of incorporating complex optical elements. In this study, we present linearly-polarized OLEDs (LP-OLEDs) based on organic single crystals that we have designed and prepared.