Integrating Humidity-Resistant and Colorimetric COF-on-MOF Sensors with Artificial Intelligence Assisted Data Analysis for Visualization of Volatile Organic Compounds Sensing.

Direct visualization and monitoring of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) sensing processes via portable colorimetric sensors are highly desired but challenging targets. The key challenge resides in the development of efficient sensing systems with high sensitivity, selectivity, humidity resistance, and profuse color change. Herein, a strategy is reported for the direct visualization of VOCs sensing by mimicking human olfactory function and integrating colorimetric COF-on-MOF sensors with artificial intelligence (AI)-assisted data analysis techniques.

A Dual-Pipeline Lactate Removal Strategy to Reverse Vascular Hyperpermeability for the Management of Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Sepsis.

Sepsis is an underappreciated yet severe threat to human life, marked by organ dysfunction and high mortality resulting from disordered inflammatory responses to blood infection. Unfortunately, no specific drugs are available for effective sepsis treatment. As a pivotal biomarker for sepsis, lactate levels are closely related to vascular permeability and sepsis-associated mortality.

Unveiling the Li/Electrolyte Interface Behavior for Dendrite-Free All-Solid-State Lithium Metal Batteries by Operando Nano-Focus WAXS.

Poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO)-based solid composite electrolytes suffer from poor conductivity and lithium dendrite growth, especially toward the metallic lithium metal anode. In this study, succinonitrile (SN) is incorporated into a PEO composite electrolyte to fabricate an electrode-compatible electrolyte with good electrochemical performance. The SN-doped electrolyte successfully inhibits the lithium dendrite growth and facilitates the SEI layer formation, as determined by the operando nanofocus wide-angle X-ray scattering (nWAXS), meanwhile, stably cycled over 500 h in Li/SN-PEO/Li cell.

MXene-Based Flexible Memory and Neuromorphic Devices.

As the age of the Internet of Things (IoTs) unfolds, along with the rapid advancement of artificial intelligence (AI), traditional von Neumann-based computing systems encounter significant challenges in handling vast amounts of data storage and processing. Bioinspired neuromorphic computing strategies offer a promising solution, characterized by features of in-memory computing, massively parallel processing, and event-driven operations. Compared to traditional rigid silicon-based devices, flexible neuromorphic devices are lightweight, thin, and highly stretchable, garnering considerable attention.

Overcoming Energy Storage-Loss Trade-Offs in Polymer Dielectrics Through the Synergistic Tuning of Electronic Effects in π-Conjugated Polystyrenes.

Achieving high-performance dielectric materials remains a significant challenge due to the inherent trade-offs between high energy storage density and low energy loss. A central difficulty lies in identifying a suitable dipolar unit that can enhance the polarity and dielectric constant of the material while effectively suppressing the high energy losses associated with polarization relaxation, charge injection, and conduction. To address this, a novel strategy is proposed that introduces electron-donating and electron-withdrawing substituents on the benzene ring of polystyrene-based polymers, creating bulky dipole groups that are resistant to reorientation under an electric field.

Bioinspired Disordered Aerogel for Omnidirectional Terahertz Response.

The structural disorder of the black butterfly assists in capturing sunlight across a wider spectral and angular range, injecting infinite vitality for omnidirectional and stimuli-responsive wave-absorbing materials. Here, the disordered micro-pores responding to terahertz (THz) waves through electromagnetic simulations, and then prepared via ice templating technology are analyzed and optimized. The customized disordered aerogel makes possible perfect terahertz response property with incidence-angle-insensitive and ultra-broadband.

Spray-Assisted Fabrication of Cellulose Photonic Pigments on Superhydrophobic Surfaces.

Photonic pigments, especially those based on naturally-derived building blocks like cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs), are emerging as a promising sustainable alternative to absorption-based colorants. However, the proposed manufacturing methods for CNC pigments, via either grinding films or emulsion-based production, usually require several processing steps. This limits their commercialization by increasing the costs, timescales, and environmental impacts of production.

Efficient Spin-Light-Emitting Diodes With Tunable Red to Near-Infrared Emission at Room Temperature.

Spin light-emitting diodes (spin-LEDs) are important for spin-based electronic circuits as they convert the carrier spin information to optical polarization. Recently, chiral-induced spin selectivity (CISS) has emerged as a new paradigm to enable spin-LED as it does not require any magnetic components and operates at room temperature. However, CISS-enabled spin-LED with tunable wavelengths ranging from red to near-infrared (NIR) has yet to be demonstrated.

Exploration of Multidimensional Structural Optimization and Regulation Mechanisms: Catalysts and Reaction Environments in Electrochemical Ammonia Synthesis.

Ammonia (NH) is esteemed for its attributes as a carbon-neutral fuel and hydrogen storage material, due to its high energy density, abundant hydrogen content, and notably higher liquefaction temperature in comparison to hydrogen gas. The primary method for the synthetic generation of NH is the Haber-Bosch process, involving rigorous conditions and resulting in significant global energy consumption and carbon dioxide emissions. To tackle energy and environmental challenges, the exploration of innovative green and sustainable technologies for NH synthesis is imperative.

N-Doped Holey Graphene/Porous Carbon/Cellulose Nanofibers Electrode and Hydrogel Electrolyte for Low-temperature Zinc-ion Hybrid Supercapacitors.

The susceptibility to freezing of the electrolyte and mismatched cathode make the aqueous zinc-ion hybrid supercapacitors (ZHSCs) have inferior electrochemical performance at low temperature. Herein, a novel freeze-tolerant hydrogel electrolyte (CEEZ) and matched graphene/porous carbon/cellulose nanofibers cathode (GPCN) are respectively fabricated via chemical cross-linking and a two-step process to assemble ZHSCs. The prepared electrode has a highly porous structure, abundant edge active sites, and increased interlayer spacing, which collectively reduces ion transport complexity and enhances the contact area with the electrolyte, promoting rapid ionic conduction pathways.

Accelerating the Zn Transport Kinetics in the Pre-Solvated Artificial Protective Layer via Preferential Electrostatic Interactions for Stable Zinc Anode.

The intrinsic safety and cost-effectiveness of the aqueous zinc ion batteries hold the potential for grid-scale energy storage. However, the uncontrolled dendrite growth, parasitic reactions, and electrochemical corrosion of the anode due to the random Zn transport near the anode hinder its practical applications. Herein, a pre-solvated artificial protective layer (ps-APL) with a nitrogen-containing functional group is constructed by an in situ polymerization strategy to stabilize the Zn anode via boosted Zn mass transport kinetics and oriented exposure of the Zn(002) facets.

A Strategy of Enhancing Polarization to Achieve Excellent Energy Storage Performance in Simple Bi0.5K0.5TiO3-Based Relaxors.

Dielectric energy storage capacitors are indispensable components in advanced electronic and electrical systems. Excellent performance requires the dielectric materials possessing low residual polarization (Pr), high breakdown strength (Eb), and large maximum polarization (Pm). The first two parameters can be typically achieved through chemical regulation, while the Pmax is closely related to the matrix.

A Highly Dispersed Heterogeneous Cobalt Catalyst for Efficient Domino Hydroformylation Reductive Amination of Olefins.

The hydroaminomethylation of alkenes using CO and H proceeds efficiently in the presence of a heterogeneous Co-N/C catalyst with highly dispersed metal centers. Various secondary and tertiary amines can be effectively synthesized from cyclic and linear aliphatic alkenes using this specific material. The active sites of the optimal catalyst result from the synergistic effect of atomically dispersed Co sites with their surrounding N atoms, and the high surface area as well as structural defects of the NC support.

2D Molecular Crystals for Electronic and Optoelectronic Devices: Status and Challenges.

2D molecular crystals (2D MCs) are an emerging family of 2D materials formed by organic or inorganic molecules held together entirely by weak intermolecular forces. 2D MCs are gaining attention in electronics and optoelectronics due to their structural diversity, scalability, and strong light-matter interactions. This review provides a comprehensive overview of 2D MCs and their potential in electronic and optoelectronic applications.

Self-Adaptive Polarized Photoresponse in Organic Single-Crystal Phototransistors for Bionic Night-Time Polarization Perception.

The emerging semiconductor micro/nanocrystals with intrinsic anisotropy have provided new perspectives for low-cost and simplified polarimetry. However, the low polarization sensitivity of state-of-the-art polarimeters based on anisotropic semiconductors under weak and partially polarized light severely hinders their practical application in complex dim environments. Here, a photo-adaptive polarization-sensitive organic phototransistor (POL-OPT) is demonstrated for bionic weak-light polarization perception.

Facing the "Cutting Edge:" Edge Site Engineering on 2D Materials for Electrocatalysis and Photocatalysis.

The utilization of 2D materials as catalysts has garnered significant attention in recent years, primarily due to their exceptional features including high surface area, abundant exposed active sites, and tunable physicochemical properties. The unique geometry of 2D materials imparts them with versatile active sites for catalysis, including basal plane, interlayer, defect, and edge sites. Among these, edge sites hold particular significance as they not only enable the activation of inert 2D catalysts but also serve as platforms for engineering active sites to achieve enhanced catalytic performance.

Constructing Pillar-Layered Covalent Organic Frameworks via Metal-Ligand Coordination for Electrochemical CO Reduction.

Growing global concerns over energy security and climate change have intensified efforts to develop sustainable strategies for electrochemical CO reduction (eCORR). Covalent Organic Frameworks (COFs) have emerged as promising electrocatalysts for eCORR due to their tunable structures, high surface areas, and abundance of active sites. However, the performance of 2D COFs is often limited by layer stacking, which restricts active site exposure and reduces selectivity.

Mesenchymal Stem Cells With Polydopamine-Coated NaGdF Nanoparticles with Ca Chelation Ability for Ischemic Stroke Therapy.

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) transplantation is a promising therapeutic strategy for ischemic stroke. However, the survival of transplanted MSCs is often compromised by the excessive levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and calcium ions (Ca) in the ischemic microenvironment following blood flow occlusion. In this study, a protective strategy is developed using functional nanomaterials to escort and shield MSCs.

Effects of whey protein aggregates with different sizes on the gelatinization and retrogradation behavior of wheat starch.

Background: Starch retrogradation leads to undesirable changes in the texture and taste of starchy foods. The fibrous aggregates of whey protein fibrils (WPF) formed by heating under acidic conditions possess enhanced emulsification and foaming properties, but their effect on the retrogradation behavior of starch is unclear.

Results: WPFs with various molecular sizes were obtained by heating at 85 °C under acidic conditions (pH 2.

Light and Carrier Transportation Management in Transparent Electrode for Achieving over 30% Efficiency Perovskite/Silicon Tandem Solar Cells.

Perovskite/silicon tandem solar cells have drawn widespread attention owing to their higher power conversion efficiency (PCE). However, reducing the reflection and parasitic absorption as much as possible in the transparent electrode is of considerable interest to promote the tandem device to obtain higher circuit current density (). Furthermore, the carrier vertical and lateral transport capability of transparent electrodes also affects the electrical performance of solar cells.

Recent advances in green multi-component reactions for heterocyclic compound construction.

Multi-component reactions (MCRs) are processes in which three or more reactants are introduced into one pot to obtain the final product with high atom efficiency, and in recent years, these have become a key strategy for advancing more sustainable processes in modern synthetic communities and the pharmaceutical industry. Meanwhile, minimizing the use of solvents, catalysts, time, reagents, and waste is essential during green chemical synthesis to reduce cost and environmental impact. Heterocycles are ubiquitous and have thus prompted the development of numerous methods for their synthesis.

Yttrium aluminum garnet fluorescent conversion films for solid-state lighting: interface reaction synthesis strategy and modulation of warm white light.

Traditional preparation of yttrium aluminum garnet (YAG) transparent ceramics involves several steps, including powder preparation, molding process and sintering at high temperature. Herein, a new and simple method was developed to prepare YAG transparent polycrystalline films directly through a novel interface reaction between sapphire and a Y(OH)(CO)(NO)·HO film attached to the sapphire. The prepared YAG:5%Ce transparent polycrystalline film could be combined with a blue chip to obtain fluorescence-converted white LED, with a CCT of 6361 K and a CRI (Ra) of 73.

Molecular Dynamics Simulation of the Hydration Lubrication Mechanism of CS-MPC/CS-ChS NPs.

Osteoarthritis (OA) remains a significant clinical challenge, with current treatments like sodium hyaluronate injections offering limited efficacy due to suboptimal lubrication and rapid degradation. In this study, we explored an advanced solution to these issues by investigating the colubrication mechanism of a composite biolubricant consisting of 2-methacryloyloxyethyl phosphorylcholine-modified chitosan (CS-MPC) and chondroitin sulfate-modified chitosan nanoparticles (CS-ChS NPs) using molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. Results show that the composite lubricant outperforms individual CS-MPC or CS-ChS NPs, exhibiting a lower coefficient of friction (COF) and a superior load-bearing capacity.

Defect passivation engineering of chalcogenide quantum dots fluorination treatment.

Efficient carrier transport through reducing the traps in chalcogenide quantum dots (QDs) is crucial for their application in optoelectronic devices. This study introduces an innovative fluorination treatment to remove the whole-body traps of metal chalcogenide QDs, further accelerating the carrier transport process. The selected benzene carbonyl fluoride (BF) molecular additive can efficiently peel off the caused oxide traps and dangling bonds of chalcogenide QDs in real-time through the continuous release of the HF gas of BF decomposition.

Anlotinib as Maintenance Therapy After First-Line Chemotherapy Combined with Consolidation Radiation for Extensive-Stage Small Cell Lung Cancer.

Background: Small cell lung cancer is sensitive to chemotherapy and radiotherapy, but local recurrence and distant metastasis occur shortly after treatment. This study aimed to evaluate the real-world value of anlotinib as a maintenance therapy in patients with extensive-stage small cell lung cancer (ES-SCLC) after first-line chemotherapy and consolidative thoracic radiotherapy (CTRT).

Patients And Methods: A total of 150 patients with ES-SCLC treated with first-line chemotherapy and CTRT from April 2017 to December 2021 were retrospectively analyzed.