Two new polyacetylenes from the roots of .

Two new polyacetylenes, (5,12)-14-hydroxytetradeca-5,12-dien-8,10-diyn-1-yl 3-methylbut-2-enoate () and 5, 1'-(6,12)-1-hydroxytetradeca-6,12-dien-8,10-diyn-5-yl 2-methylbutanoate (), together with two known ones, (2,8)-12--methylbutyryltetradeca-2,8-diene-4,6-diyne-1,14-diol (), and ()-5-[5-(but-3-en-1-yn-1-yl)thiophen-2-yl]pent-2-en-4-yn-1-yl acetate () were isolated from the ethyl acetate extract of the roots of by various chromatographic methods, such as normal phase silica gel column, MPLC, and semi-preparative HPLC. Their structures were identified by kinds of spectroscopic methods including 1D NMR, 2D NMR, IR, UV, HR-ESI-MS, and ECD. Compound exhibited cytotoxic activities in HepG2 and Huh7 cells with IC values of 20.

Recent progress in electrochemical recycling of waste NdFeB magnets.

Neodymium iron boron (NdFeB) magnets are critical components in green energy technologies and have received increasing attention due to the limited availability of the raw materials, specifically rare earth elements (REEs). The supply risks associated with primary mining of RE ores, which have significant environmental impacts, underscore the necessity for recycling RE secondary resources. Waste NdFeB magnets, generated during manufacturing processes and recovered from end-of-life products, represent valuable RE secondary resources.

Anchorable Polymers Enabling Ultra-Thin and Robust Hole-Transporting Layers for High-Efficiency Inverted Perovskite Solar Cells.

Currently, the development of polymeric hole-transporting materials (HTMs) lags behind that of small-molecule HTMs in inverted perovskite solar cells (PSCs). A critical challenge is that conventional polymeric HTMs are incapable of forming ultra-thin and conformal coatings like self-assembly monolayers (SAMs), especially for substrates with rough surface morphology. Herein, we address this challenge by designing anchorable polymeric HTMs (CP1 to CP5).

In-Situ Cross-Linked Polymers for Enhanced Thermal Cycling Stability in Flexible Perovskite Solar Cells.

Flexible perovskite solar cells (FPSCs) are a promising emerging photovoltaic technology, with certified power conversion efficiencies reaching 24.9 %. However, the frequent occurrence of grain fractures and interface delamination raises concerns about their ability to endure the mechanical stresses caused by temperature fluctuations.

Tetramethylguanidine-Modified Graphene Oxide as a Gel Polymer Electrolyte Additive for Improving the Performance of Flexible Zinc-Air Batteries.

Flexible zinc-air batteries (FZABs) present a promising solution for the next generation of power sources in wearable electronics, owing to their high energy density, cost-effectiveness, and safety. However, solid-state electrolytes for FZABs continue to face challenges related to rapid water loss and low ionic conductivity. In this study, a hydrophilic and stable tetramethylguanidine-modified graphene oxide as an additive, which is incorporated into sodium polyacrylate to develop a high-performance gel polymer electrolyte (GPE), is designed.

Toward the Optimization of a Perovskite-Based Room Temperature Ozone Sensor: A Multifaceted Approach in Pursuit of Sensitivity, Stability, and Understanding of Mechanism.

Metal halide perovskites (MHPs) have attracted significant attention owing to their simple manufacturing process and unique optoelectronic properties. Their reversible electrical or optical property changes in response to oxidizing or reducing environments make them prospective materials for gas detection technologies. Despite advancements in perovskite-based sensor research, the mechanisms behind perovskite-gas interactions, vital for sensor performance, are still inconclusive.

Electrochemical In Situ Characterization Techniques in the Field of Energy Conversion.

With the proposal of the "carbon peak and carbon neutrality" goals, the utilization of renewable energy sources such as solar energy, wind energy, and tidal energy has garnered increasing attention. Consequently, the development of corresponding energy conversion technologies has become a focal point. In this context, the demand for electrochemical in situ characterization techniques in the field of energy conversion is gradually increasing.

Fine-Tuning the Anisotropies of Air-Stable Single-Molecule Magnets Based on Macrocycle Ligands.

Air-stable single-molecule magnets (SMMs) can be obtained by confining Dy ion in a coordination environment; however, most of the current efforts were focused on modifying the rigidity of the macrocycle ligand. Herein, we attempt to assemble air-stable SMMs based on macrocycles with a replaceable coordination site. By using an in situ 1 + 1 Schiff-base reaction of dialdehyde with diamine, three air-stable SMMs have been obtained in which one of the equatorial coordination sites can be varied from -NH- (for ), -O- (for ), and -NMe- (for ).

In Situ Proefferocytosis Microspheres as Macrophage Polarity Converters Accelerate Osteoarthritis Treatment.

Efferocytosis in macrophages typically engages an anti-inflammatory positive feedback regulatory mechanism. In osteoarthritis (OA), characterized by imbalanced inflammatory homeostasis, the proinflammatory state of macrophages in the immune microenvironment can be reversed through enhanced efferocytosis. This study develops an in situ proefferocytosis hydrogel microsphere (macrophage polarity converter, H-C@IL) for OA treatment.

A Multiresonant Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorescent Dendrimer with Intramolecular Energy Transfer: Application for Efficient Host-Free Green Solution-Processed Organic Light-emitting Diodes.

The development of narrowband emissive, bright, and stable solution-processed organic light-emitting diodes (SP-OLEDs) remains a challenge. Here, a strategy is presented that merges within a single emitter a TADF sensitizer responsible for exciton harvesting and an MR-TADF motif that provides bright and narrowband emission. This emitter design also shows strong resistance to aggregate formation and aggregation-cause quenching.

A HTO-Type Nonlinear Optical Fluorophosphate with Ultrawide Bandgap.

Compounds having hexagonal tungsten oxides (HTO) topology are of intense research interests owing to their potential functional properties, such as nonlinear optical (NLO) performances. However, most of the reported HTO-type compounds exhibit narrow optical bandgaps because of the d-d electronic transition of compositional d transition metals and lone pair electrons effect of Se/Te, which hinder their applications in the high-energy field, such as deep-ultraviolet (deep-UV) region. In this work, a new fluorophosphate, (NH)[ScF(PO)](POF) exhibiting HTO-topological structures is reported.

Revolutionizing Dual-Band Modulation and Superior Cycling Stability in GDQDs-Doped WO Electrochromic Films for Advanced Smart Window Applications.

Dual-band tungsten oxide (WO) electrochromic films are extensively investigated, yet challenges persist regarding complex fabrication processes and limited cyclic stability. In this paper, a novel approach to prepare graphdiyne quantum dots (GDQDs) doped WO films with a hexagonal crystal structure, is presented. Structural characterization reveals that the GDQDs/WO possesses a coral-like, loose structure with high crystallinity due to the synergistic modulation of morphology and crystallinity.

Temperature Regulates Astroglia Morphogenesis Through Thermosensory Circuitry in Caenorhabditis elegans.

Astrocytes are the most abundant type of macroglia in the brain and play crucial roles in regulating neural development and functions. The diverse functions of astrocytes are largely determined by their morphology, which is regulated by genetic and environmental factors. However, whether and how the astrocyte morphology is affected by temperature remains largely unknown.

One-Shot Synthesis of Sym- and Asym-Expanded Heterohelicene Isomers Exhibiting Narrowband Deep-Blue Fluorescence.

Expanded heterohelicene composing of alternating linearly and angularly fused multi-resonance (MR) skeleton has garnered wide interest for their promising narrowband emission. Herein, a pair of sym- and asym-expanded heterohelicene isomers are firstly developed by merging boron/oxygen (B/O)-embedded MR triangulene and indolo[3,2,1-jk]carbazole units via one-shot synthesis. Owing to the fully resonating extended helical skeleton, the target heterohelicenes exhibit significantly narrowed spectra bandwidth while emission red-shifting, thus affording deep-blue narrowband emission with peak at around 460 nm, full-width-at-half-maximum (FWHM) of merely 18 nm and near-unity photoluminescence quantum yields.

Efficient Cytosolic Delivery of Single-Chain Polymeric Artificial Enzymes for Intracellular Catalysis and Chemo-Dynamic Therapy.

Designing artificial enzymes for in vivo catalysis presents a great challenge due to biomacromolecule contamination, poor biodistribution, and insufficient substrate interaction. Herein, we developed single-chain polymeric nanoparticles with Cu/N-heterocyclic carbene active sites (SCNP-Cu) to function as peroxidase mimics for in vivo catalysis and chemo-dynamic therapy (CDT). Compared with the enzyme mimics based on unfolded linear polymer scaffold and multichain cross-linked scaffold, SCNP-Cu exhibits improved tumor accumulation and CDT efficiency both in vitro and in vivo.

Morphological Features Influence the Drug Loading and Delivery Efficacy of Photoactivatable Gold Nanocarriers for Antitumor Photo/Chemotherapy.

Photoactivatable gold nanocarriers are transforming antitumor therapies by leveraging their distinctive physicochemical properties, enabling targeted drug delivery and enhanced therapeutic efficacy in cancer treatment. This study systematically investigates how surface topography and morphology of gold nanocarriers influence drug loading capacity, light-to-heat conversion efficiency, and overall therapeutic performance in photo/chemotherapy. We synthesized four distinct morphologies of gold nanoparticles: porous gold nanocups (PAuNCs), porous gold nanospheres (PAuNSs), solid gold nanocups (SAuNCs), and solid gold nanospheres (SAuNSs).

Correlation between estimated glucose disposal rate, insulin resistance, and cardiovascular mortality among individuals with metabolic syndrome: a population-based analysis, evidence from NHANES 1999-2018.

Background: Estimated glucose disposal rate (eGDR), is an index of insulin resistance. It is intimately correlated with inflammation and endothelial dysfunction, both of which are contributory factors in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and premature mortality. This study aims to explore the correlation between eGDR and both all-cause and CVD-related mortality in adults with metabolic syndrome (MetS).

Population sequencing of cherry accessions unravels the evolution of Cerasus species and the selection of genetic characteristics in edible cherries.

Cerasus is a subgenus of Prunus in the family Rosaceae that is popular owing to its ornamental, edible, and medicinal properties. Understanding the evolution of the Cerasus subgenus and identifying selective trait loci in edible cherries are crucial for the improvement of cherry cultivars to meet producer and consumer demands. In this study, we performed a de novo assembly of a chromosome-scale genome for the sweet cherry (Prunus avium L.

Ultrasound localization microscopy in the diagnosis of breast tumors and prediction of relevant histologic biomarkers associated with prognosis in humans: the protocol for a prospective, multicenter study.

Background: Benign and malignant breast tumors differ in their microvasculature morphology and distribution. Histologic biomarkers of malignant breast tumors are also correlated with the microvasculature. There is a lack of imaging technology for evaluating the microvasculature.

Primary bronchial leiomyosarcoma: a diagnostic challenge.

Background: Pulmonary bronchial leiomyosarcoma is an extremely rare malignant tumour of the lung originating from the mesenchymal tissue. The retroperitoneal region is the most common site of leiomyosarcoma. It exhibits a high degree of malignancy and a poor prognosis, thereby highlighting the significance of early diagnosis of this disease.

hsa_circ_0008305 facilitates the malignant progression of hepatocellular carcinoma by regulating AKR1C3 expression and sponging miR-379-5p.

Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are widely involved in diverse biological processes of cancers. Nonetheless, the potential function of hsa_circ_0008305 in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains largely unknown. This study aims to elucidate the role and underlying mechanism of hsa_circ_0008305 in HCC.

Erythema nodosum, malignant melanoma and non-melanoma skin cancer in relation to inflammatory bowel disease: a Mendelian randomization study.

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a multisystem condition that could affect the cutaneous systems, namely cutaneous extraintestinal manifestations (EIMs). It has been suggested that IBD is associated with erythema nodosum (EN), malignant melanoma (MM) and non-melanoma skin cancer (NMSC). However, the potential causal relationship between IBD and the mentioned above cutaneous EIMs is still unclear.

Development and validation of a prognostic nomogram for predicting outcomes in brainstem hemorrhage patients.

Brainstem hemorrhage is a severe neurological condition with high mortality and poor prognosis. This study aims to develop and validate a prognostic model for brainstem hemorrhage to facilitate early prediction of patient outcomes, thereby supporting clinical decision-making. Clinical data from 140 patients with brainstem hemorrhage were collected.

AFM observation of protein translocation mediated by one unit of SecYEG-SecA complex.

Protein translocation across cellular membranes is an essential and nano-scale dynamic process. In the bacterial cytoplasmic membrane, the core proteins in this process are a membrane protein complex, SecYEG, corresponding to the eukaryotic Sec61 complex, and a cytoplasmic protein, SecA ATPase. Despite more than three decades of extensive research on Sec proteins, from genetic experiments to cutting-edge single-molecule analyses, no study has visually demonstrated protein translocation.