Enhancement Mechanism of Photo-Induced Artificial Boundary on Ultrastable Hybrid Solid-electrolyte Interphase of Si Anodes.

Unstable solid-electrolyte interphase (SEI) film resulting from chemically active surface state and huge volume fluctuation limits the development of Si-based anode materials in lithium-ion batteries. Herein, a photo-initiated polypyrrole (PPy) coating is manufactured on Si nanoparticles to guide the in situ generation of PPy-integrated hybrid SEI film (hSEI). The hSEI film shows excellent structure stability and optimized component composition for lithium storage.

Isolated Metal Centers Activate Small Molecule Electrooxidation: Mechanisms and Applications.

Electrochemical oxidation of small molecules shows great promise to substitute oxygen evolution reaction (OER) or hydrogen oxidation reaction (HOR) to enhance reaction kinetics and reduce energy consumption, as well as produce high-valued chemicals or serve as fuels. For these oxidation reactions, high-valence metal sites generated at oxidative potentials are typically considered as active sites to trigger the oxidation process of small molecules. Isolated atom site catalysts (IASCs) have been developed as an ideal system to precisely regulate the oxidation state and coordination environment of single-metal centers, and thus optimize their catalytic property.

The Predictive Value of a Nomogram Based on Ultrasound Radiomics, Clinical Factors, and Enhanced Ultrasound Features for Central Lymph Node Metastasis in Papillary Thyroid Microcarcinoma.

This study aims to establish and validate an ultrasound radiomics nomogram for preoperative prediction of central lymph node metastasis in papillary thyroid microcarcinoma (PTMC) before operation. A retrospective analysis conducted on ultrasonic images and clinical features derived from 288 PTMC patients, who were divided into training cohorts ( = 201) and validating cohorts ( = 87) in a ratio of 7:3 base on the principle of random allocation. Radiomics features were extracted from the PTMC patients after ultrasonic examination, followed by dimension reduction and characteristic selection to construct the radiomics score (Radscore) using LASSO regression analysis.

Advancing Room-Temperature Magnetic Semiconductors with Organic Radical Charge Transfer Cocrystals.

Developing purely organic room-temperature magnetic semiconductors has been a long-sought goal in the material community toward the simultaneous control of spin and charge. Organic cocrystals, known for their structural versatility and multifunctionality, are ideal candidates for these magnetoelectric coupling applications. However, organic room-temperature magnetic semiconductor cocrystals have rarely been reported, and their mechanisms remain poorly understood due to the complexity of cocrystal structures.

Supercritical CO-Induced Chemical Pressure on BaZrO for Room-Temperature Ferromagnetism.

The modulation of intrinsic magnetic properties of materials is of great importance for the exploration of new materials in the fields of information storage and spintronics. Herein, room-temperature ferromagnetic properties in BaZrO are successfully induced using supercritical CO. The highest saturation magnetization intensity of BaZrO is observed at 16 MPa, with a value of 0.

Achieving Near Infrared Photodegradation by the Synergistic Effect of Z-Scheme Heterojunction and Antenna of Rare Earth Single Atoms.

Near-infrared light response catalysts have received great attention in renewable solar energy conversion, energy production, and environmental purification. Here, near-infrared photodegradation is successfully achieved in rare earth single atom anchored NaYF@g-CN heterojunctions by the synergistic effect of Z-scheme heterojunction and antenna of rare earth single atoms. The UV-vis light emitted by Tm can not only be directly absorbed by g-CN to generate electron-hole pairs, realizing efficient energy transfer, but also be absorbed by NaYF substrate, and generating photo-generated electrons at its impurity level, transferring the active charge to the valence band of g-CN, forming a Z-scheme heterojunction and further improving the photocatalytic efficiency.

Endothelial TRIM35-Regulated MMP10 Release Exacerbates Calcification of Vascular Grafts.

Vascular calcification is a highly regulated process in cardiovascular disease (CVD) and is strongly correlated with morbidity and mortality, especially in the adverse stage of vascular remodeling after coronary artery bypass graft surgery (CABG). However, the pathogenesis of vascular graft calcification, particularly the role of endothelial-smooth muscle cell interaction, is still unclear. To test how ECs interact with SMCs in artery grafts, single-cell analysis of wild-type mice is first performed using an arterial isograft mouse model and found robust cytokine-mediated signaling pathway activation and SMC proliferation, together with upregulated endothelial tripartite motif 35 (TRIM35) expression.

Nonfullerene acceptors with carbon-oxygen-bridged fused nonacyclic donor units enable efficient organic solar cells.

The power conversion efficiency (PCE) of an organic solar cell (OSC) mainly depends on the chemical structures and intrinsic properties of its active layer materials. The development of new nonfullerene acceptors (NFAs) has significantly boosted the PCEs of OSCs over the last decade. Herein, two carbon-oxygen-bridged fused nonacyclic donor units were developed to synthesize two NFAs, namely TTPIC-Ar and iTTPIC-Ar, respectively.

Mechanisms of Low Temperature-Induced Growth Hormone Resistance via TRPA1 Channel Activation in Male Nile Tilapia.

Low temperatures significantly impact growth in ectothermic vertebrates, though the underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood. This study investigates the role of transient receptor potential ankyrin 1 (TRPA1) channels in mediating low temperature effects on growth performance and growth hormone (GH) resistance in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). Prolonged exposure to low temperature (16°C for 35 days) impaired growth performance and induced GH resistance, characterized by elevated serum GH levels and decreased insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) levels.

Multiple microcysts and clivus invasion diagnose T-box pituitary transcription factor 19 lineage adenomas in non-functioning pituitary adenomas.

Background: Preoperative identification of T-box pituitary transcription factor 19 (TPIT) lineage silent adenomas in non-functioning pituitary adenomas (NFPAs) is important.

Purpose: To compare the clinical, laboratory, and radiological features of the three cell lineages of adenomas in NFPAs and evaluate the diagnostic efficacy of multiple microcysts and clivus invasion on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for TPIT lineage adenomas in NFPAs.

Material And Methods: A total of 405 patients with NFPA were retrospectively enrolled, including steroidogenic factor 1 (SF-1) lineage adenomas (n = 204), TPIT lineage adenomas (n = 111), and pituitary transcription factor 1 (PIT-1) lineage adenomas (n = 90).

LiF Artifacts in XPS Analysis of the SEI for Lithium Metal Batteries.

The solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) is considered to be the key to the performance of lithium metal batteries (LMBs). The analysis of the SEI and cathode electrolyte interphase (CEI) composition (especially F 1s spectra) by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) has become a consensus among researchers. However, the surface-sensitive XPS characterization is susceptible to LiF artifacts due to several factors, leading to the overexaggerated role of LiF in the analysis of the SEI and CEI.

Molecular Mechanism of Unexpected Metal-Independent Hydroxyl Radical Production by Mercaptotriazole and HO.

It is well known that hydroxyl radical (OH) can be largely produced either through the classic iron-mediated inorganic-Fenton system or our recently discovered haloquinones/HO organic-Fenton-like system, but rarely produced via thiol compounds. Here, unexpectedly, we found that OH can be unequivocally generated by incubation of HO and mercaptotriazole (MTZ), a typical heterocyclic thiol which has been used as an environmentally friendly corrosion inhibitor for mild steel. By the complementary applications of HPLC-MS and oxygen-18 isotope-labeling method, MTZ-derived sulfenic (MTZ-SOH) and sulfinic acids were detected and identified as transient intermediates, and sulfonic acid as final products.

extracellular vesicles alleviate alcohol-induced liver injury in mice by regulating gut microbiota and activating the Nrf-2 signaling pathway.

derived extracellular vesicles (LAB-EVs) are nanosized particles secreted from during fermentation, and therefore exist universally in fermented foods such as yogurt, pickles, and fermented beverages. In this study, three LAB-EVs were prepared using a simple scalable method, and then their structures, compositions, and biosafety properties were characterized. The protective properties and potential mechanisms of action of the LAB-EVs against alcoholic liver disease were studied.

Recent Advances in the Design and Application of Asymmetric Carbon-Based Materials.

Asymmetric carbon-based materials (ACBMs) have received significant attention in scientific research due to their unique structures and properties. Through the introduction of heterogeneous atoms and the construction of asymmetric ordered/disordered structures, ACBMs are optimized in terms of electrical conductivity, pore structure, and chemical composition and exhibit multiple properties such as hydrophilicity, hydrophobicity, optical characteristics, and magnetic behavior. Here, the recent research progress of ACBMs is reviewed, focusing on the potential of these materials for electrochemical, catalysis, and biomedical applications and their unique advantages over conventional symmetric carbon-based materials.

Mechanochemical Synthesis of Type III Porous Liquids from Solid Precursors for the Removal and Conversion of Waste CO from CH.

Porous liquids (PLs) have emerged as a promising class of flow porous materials, offering distinctive benefits for sustainable separation processes coupled with catalytic transformations in the chemical industry. Despite their potential, challenges remain in the realms of synthesis complexity, stability, and the strategic engineering of separation and catalytic sites. In this study, a scalable mechanochemical synthetic approach is reported to fabricate Type III PLs from solid precursors with high stability.

Constructing Anion Solvation Microenvironment Toward Durable High-Voltage Sodium-Based Batteries.

Sodium-based rechargeable batteries are some of the most promising candidates for electric energy storage with abundant sodium reserves, particularly, sodium-based dual-ion batteries (SDIBs) perform advantages in high work voltage (≈5.0 V), high-power density, and potentially low cost. However, irreversible electrolyte decomposition and co-intercalation of solvent molecules at the electrode interface under a high charge state are blocking their development.

Utilizing 4-Sulfonylcalix[4]arene as a Selective Mobile Phase Additive for the Capture of Methylated Peptides.

Protein methylation has attracted increasing attention due to its significant regulatory roles in various biological processes. However, the diversity of methylation forms, subtle differences between methylated and nonmodified sites, and their ultralow abundances pose substantial challenges for capturing and isolating methylated peptides from biological samples. Herein, we develop a chromatographic method that utilizes 4-sulfonylcalix[4]arene (SC4A) as a mobile phase additive and Click-Maltose as the stationary phase to separate methylated/nonmethylated peptides through the adsorption of the SC4A-(Me3) complex.

Cross-coupling reaction of cyclic quaternary ammonium salts with arylzinc reagents, arylboron reagents, and silylboronates.

The nickel-catalyzed reaction of benzocyclic quaternary ammonium salts with arylzinc reagents or arylboron reagents affords amino-retentive arylation products in 40%-95% yields. This protocol is suitable for various substituted benzocyclic quaternary ammonium salts and arylzinc or arylboron reagents. The transition-metal-free reaction of benzocyclic quaternary ammonium salts with PhMeSiBpin in the presence of LiOBu leads to amino-retentive silylation products.

Hydrogen-Bonded Organic Framework Films Integrated with Wavy Structured Design for Wearable Bioelectronics.

The integration of hydrogen-bonded organic frameworks (HOFs) with flexible electronic technologies offers a promising strategy for monitoring detailed health information, owing to their inherent porosity, excellent biocompatibility, and tunable catalytic capabilities. However, their application in wearable and real-time health monitoring remains largely unexplored, primarily due to the mechanical mismatch between the traditionally fragile HOFs particles and the softness of human skin. Herein, this study demonstrates an epidermal biosensor that maintains reliable sensing capability even under extreme deformation and complex environmental conditions by integrating HOFs films with wavy bioelectrodes.

Identification of disulfide bond-linking sites in biosynthesized platelet factor 4 by establishing a partial reduction method without alkylation.

Platelet factor 4 (PF4), a specific protein primarily found in megakaryocytes and platelet α-granules, plays an essential role in the coagulation process. It carries a high positive charge and thus has a unique ability to readily form complexes with negatively charged heparin. This interaction between PF4 and heparin plays a crucial role in platelet aggregation and thrombosis, resulting in heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT).

Cation-Vacancy Engineering in Cobalt Selenide Boosts Electrocatalytic Upcycling of Polyester Thermoplastics at Industrial-Level Current Density.

The past decades have witnessed the increasing accumulation of plastics, posing a daunting environmental crisis. Among various solutions, converting plastics into value-added products presents a significant endeavor. Here, an electrocatalytic upcycling route that efficiently converts waste poly(butylene terephthalate) plastics into high-value succinic acid with high Faradaic efficiency of 94.

Generating Beta Zeolite Nanosheets of Intergrown Polymorph B and C Using Polycationic Structure-Directing Agent.

Zeolitic nanosheets possess great potential in catalysis due to their enhanced transport property and accessibility toward bulky molecules compared to conventional micron- meter scale crystals. However, the generation of Beta zeolite nanosheets, which are crucial for industrial catalysis, is still challenging for its intergrowth nature. In this work, aluminosilicate Beta nanosheets of ca.

Enhanced Photocatalytic Degradation of Chlorsulfuron by MoS/MIL101(Fe) S-Scheme Heterojunction: A Conversion Mechanism Dominated by Electrons and Long-Lifetime Reactive Species.

Altering the generation route of reactive species is a potent means to augment the photocatalytic activity. In this study, MoS/MIL-101(Fe) S-scheme heterojunction (MF2) is prepared using a water/solvent thermal method for photocatalytic degradation of chlorsulfuron. Driven by the internal electric field, the local electron density of MF2 is redistributed, thus enhancing the adsorption of O.

Chemo-Mechanical Due-Biomimetic Approach for Ultra-Stable Adsorption Across Multiple Scenarios.

The unique adhesion capabilities of soft-bodied creatures such as leeches and octopuses have provided considerable inspiration for the development of artificial adhesive materials. However, previous studies have either focused on the design of sucker structures or concentrated on the synthesis of adhesive materials, with the combination of these two aspects not yet having been deeply investigated. In this study, inspired from leech's unique adsorption ability, a biomimetic approach is proposed that combined artificial sucker and mucus, to achieve remarkable adhesion stability on rough surfaces using 5 cm diameter silicone suction cups.

Lobelia-Inspired Photothermal Storage Flexible Film for Efficient Deicing.

The insufficient density and discontinuity of solar energy of photothermal superhydrophobic flexible film seriously affect the practical application. Light energy harvesting and heat energy storage are effective ways to solve this problem. Inspired by the viscous temperature-regulating material within the inflorescence of Lobelia telekii and the arrangement of bracts on its surface, a flexible film for photoheat storage is proposed that integrated a three-order photoheat trap and one-order heat storage.