KW2478 and Cisplatin Synergistically Anti-colorectal Cancer by Targeting PI3K/AKT/mTOR Pathway.

Objective: The objective of this study is to examine the impact of KW-2478 combined with DDP on colorectal cancer cells both in vitro and in vivo and to elucidate the molecular mechanism of KW-2478 in colorectal cancer.

Methods: qRT-PCR and Western blot were employed to assess HSP90 mRNA and protein expression in normal intestinal epithelial and colorectal cancer cells. DLD-1 and HCT116 were selected for the experiment.

Oral Biomimetic Nanotherapeutics for Ulcerative Colitis Targeted Treatment by Repairing Intestinal Epithelial Barrier and Restoring Redox Homeostasis.

The structural disruption of intestinal barrier and excessive reactive oxygen/nitrogen species (RONS) generation are two intertwined factors that drive the occurrence and development of ulcerative colitis (UC). Synchronously restoring the intestinal barrier and mitigating excess RONS is a promising strategy for UC management, but its treatment outcomes are still hindered by low drug accumulation and retention in colonic lesions. Inspired by intestine colonizing bacterium, we developed a mucoadhesive probiotic -mimic entinostat-loaded hollow mesopores prussian blue (HMPB) nanotherapeutic (AM@HMPB@E) for UC-targeted therapy via repairing intestinal barrier and scavenging RONS.

Ultralight and Flexible Subnanowire Aerogels for Intrinsically Hydrophobic Thermal Insulation.

Aerogels are regarded as the next generation of thermal insulators; however, conventional aerogels suffer from issues such as brittleness, low moisture resistance, and a complex production process. Subnanowires (SNWs) are emerging materials known for their exceptional flexibility, toughness, intrinsic hydrophobicity, and gelling capabilities, making them ideal building blocks for flexible, tough, hydrophobic, and thermally insulating aerogels. Herein, we present a simple and scalable strategy to construct SNW aerogels by freeze-drying hydroxyapatite (HAP) SNW dispersions in cyclohexane.

Exploring the Key Indicators for Off-Flavor in Industrial Osmanthus Absolute through Sensomics and Chemometric Approaches.

The occurrence of off-flavor in osmanthus absolutes has emerged as a significant concern that could hinder its broad market acceptance and associated economic development. In this study, key off-flavor molecules in industrial osmanthus absolute were identified through sensomics and chemometric approaches. A group of 10 off-flavor (OF) samples, eliciting smoky/phenolic, sweaty/sour, and spicy odors, were compared with 10 pleasant aroma (PA) samples through various analyses, including overall aroma assessment, comprehensive chemical profiling, aroma extract dilution analysis (AEDA), and orthogonal partial least-squares-discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA).

Genetic and Structural Factors Contributing to the Dominance and Persistence of Goose Astrovirus Type 2.

Goose astrovirus (GoAstV) has emerged as a significant pathogen affecting the goose industry in China, with GoAstV-2 becoming the dominant genotype since 2017. This study explores the genetic and structural factors underlying the prevalence of GoAstV-2, focusing on codon usage bias, spike protein variability, and structural stability. Phylogenetic and effective population size analyses revealed that GoAstV-2 experienced rapid expansion between 2017 and 2018, followed by population stabilization.

Mechanism-Based Pharmacokinetic/Pharmacodynamic Modeling of Erythroferrone in Anemic Rats with Chronic Kidney Disease and Chemotherapy-Induced Anemia: An Early Biomarker for Hemoglobin Response and rHuEPO Hyporesponsiveness.

Erythroferrone (ERFE) has emerged as a potential biomarker for the erythropoiesis response following recombinant human erythropoietin (rHuEPO) treatment. While the association between ERFE and hemoglobin (HGB) response to rHuEPO is well-established in nonanemic conditions, such correlation and ERFE kinetics in anemic states remain unclear. We employed two rat models of anemia, chronic kidney disease (CKD) anemia and chemotherapy-induced anemia (CIA), to determine ERFE kinetics and its correlation with HGB responses after rHuEPO administration.

Inhalable Carbonyl Sulfide Donor-Hybridized Selective Phosphodiesterase 10A Inhibitor for Treating Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis by Inhibiting Tumor Growth Factor-β Signaling and Activating the cAMP/Protein Kinase A/cAMP Response Element-Binding Protein (CREB)/p53 Axis.

Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a debilitating, incurable, and life-threatening disease that lacks effective therapy. The overexpression of phosphodiesterase 10A (PDE10A) plays a vital role in pulmonary fibrosis (PF). However, the impact of selective PDE10A inhibitors on the tumor growth factor-β (TGF-β)/small mother against decapentaplegic (Smad) signaling pathway remains unclear.

Application of a new composite genetic marker semen-specific methylation-microhaplotype in the analysis of semen-vaginal fluid mixtures.

DNA mixtures containing semen and vaginal fluid are common biological samples in forensic analysis. However, the analysis of semen-vaginal fluid mixtures remains challenging. In this study, to solve these problems, it is proposed to combine semen-specific CpG sites and closely related microhaplotype sites to form a new composite genetic marker (semen-specific methylation-microhaplotype).

Light-eye-body axis: exploring the network from retinal illumination to systemic regulation.

The human body is an intricate system, where diverse and complex signaling among different organs sustains physiological activities. The eye, as a primary organ for information acquisition, not only plays a crucial role in visual perception but also, as increasing evidence suggests, exerts a broad influence on the entire body through complex circuits upon receiving light signals which is called non-image-forming vision. However, the extent and mechanisms of light's impact on the body through the eyes remain insufficiently explored.

High glucose induces podocyte ferroptosis through BAP1/SLC7A11 pathway.

Background: Ferroptosis plays an important role in the development of diabetic nephropathy (DN). However, its specific regulatory mechanisms remain unclear.

Methods: MPC5 cells were cultured in high glucose (HG) medium to stimulate the HG environment in vitro.

Efficient CH oxidation to C1/C2 oxygenates over cluster-dispersing Rh decorated ZSM-5.

Crafting highly dispersed active metal sites on catalysts is an optimal method for improving the catalytic reactivity and stability, as it would improve atomic utilization efficiency, enhance reactant adsorption and activation ability through unique geometric and electronic properties. In this study, two synthesis methods were employed (ammonia evaporation (AE) and the impregnation method (IM)) to load Rh species onto the ZSM-5 support in order to attain tunable dispersivity, during which a 1.25-fold increase in the total yield of liquid oxygenated products (32 433.

Sc-Catalyzed Asymmetric [2 + 2] Annulation of 2-Alkynylnaphthols with Dienes to Access Cyclobutene Frameworks.

Herein, we introduce a scandium-catalyzed synthetic strategy that provides access to a diverse and functionalized array of cyclobutene frameworks adorned with a quaternary carbon center. This approach broadens the synthetic repertoire of 2-alkynylnaphthols with alkenes, offering a versatile platform for the construction of complex molecular architectures. The asymmetric catalytic [2 + 2] cycloaddition reaction demonstrates a wide substrate scope and an impressive functional group tolerance, yielding products with high efficiency, up to 97% yield, and excellent enantiomeric excess of up to 97%.

Facile Access to Quaternary Carbon Centers via Ni-Catalyzed Arylation of Alkenes with Organoborons.

Quaternary carbon centers are widespread structural motifs, thus representing extensive interest in organic synthesis. We describe here an efficient nickel-catalyzed intermolecular, -selective arylation of minimally functionalized alkenes with stable organoborons, affording a broad range of cyclic or acyclic quaternary carbon centers under mild conditions. The utilization of the diimine ligand is critical for high reactivity and chemoselectivity.

Supramolecular Combination Chemotherapy: Directly Inducing Immunogenic Cell Death To Inhibit Tumor Metastasis via Host-Guest Interactions.

Tumor metastasis is a difficult clinical problem to solve due to tumor heterogeneity and the emergence of antiapoptotic clones driven by tumor evolution. Clinical combination chemotherapy remains a standard treatment for solid metastasis tumors but with worse treatment efficiency. It is worth exploring a high-efficiency and low-side-effect therapeutic method to solve solid metastases.

DBU-catalyzed annulation strategy for modular assembly of 2,3-difunctionalized dihydrobenzofurans.

An organocatalytic approach for the construction of 2,3-dihydrobenzofuran scaffold through a formal [4 + 1] annulation of 2-(2-nitrovinyl)phenols and α-bromoacetophenones in the presence of 1,8-diazabicyclo[5.4.0]undec-7-ene (DBU) has been developed.

A Stable Zn(II) Metal-Organic Framework as Turn-On and Blue-Shift Fluorescence Sensor for Amino Acids and Dipicolinic Acid in Living Cells or Using Aerosol Jet Printing.

Amino acids and dipicolinic acid (DPA) are important biomarkers for identifying human health. Establishing rapid, accurate, sensitive, and simple assays is essential for disease prevention and early diagnosis. In this work, a novel Zn(II) metal-organic framework (MOF) with the formula {[Zn(μ-OH)(BTDI)(dpp)]·dpp·4HO·2DMF} (, where denotes Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, HBTDI = 5,5'-(benzo[][1,2,5]thiadiazole-4,7-diyl)diisophthalic acid; dpp = 1,3-di(4-pyridyl)propane) was successfully synthesized via a mixed-ligands strategy.

Ultrafast chirality-dependent dynamics from helicity-resolved transient absorption spectroscopy.

Chirality, a pervasive phenomenon in nature, is widely studied across diverse fields including the origins of life, chemical catalysis, drug discovery, and physical optoelectronics. The investigations of natural chiral materials have been constrained by their intrinsically weak chiral effects. Recently, significant progress has been made in the fabrication and assembly of low-dimensional micro and nanoscale chiral materials and their architectures, leading to the discovery of novel optoelectronic phenomena such as circularly polarized light emission, spin and charge flip, advocating great potential for applications in quantum information, quantum computing, and biosensing.

Digital devices usage and neck and shoulder pain among college students: a cross-sectional study in China.

Neck and shoulder pain (NSP) is a common issue among college students, yet no studies have linked digital device usage to NSP prevalence in China. This cross-sectional survey aimed to explore this relationship among students in Shanghai. A total of 6,000 students were randomly selected, with 4,848 (80.

Mechanism of dexmedetomidine in brain injury of infant rats via the IRE1α/NF-κB/CHOP pathway.

Objective: We investigated the mechanism of Dexmedetomidine (Dex) in infant rats with brain injury.

Methods: The infant rats underwent brain injury modelling. The motor function, spatial learning and memory abilities in rats, and the hippocampal CA1 region Nissl body level and apoptosis were evaluated by behavioural tests and histological stainings.

Photoenzyme Coupling System: Covalent Organic Frameworks In Situ Production of Hydrogen Peroxide Cascaded with Unspecific Peroxygenase to Achieve C-H Bonds Selective Activation.

As an efficient, sustainable, and environmentally friendly semiconductor material, covalent organic frameworks (COFs) can generate hydrogen peroxide (HO) by photocatalysis, attracting wide attention in recent years. Herein, the effects of hydroxyl, methoxyl, and vinyl groups of imide-linked two-dimensional (2D) COFs on the photocatalytic production of HO were studied theoretically and experimentally. The introduction of vinyl groups greatly promotes the photogenerated charge separation and migration of COFs, providing more oxygen adsorption sites, stronger proton affinity, and lower intermediate binding energy, which effectively facilitates the rapid conversion of oxygen to HO.

Unraveling the Function Mechanism of N-Doped Carbon-Encapsulated NaV(PO) Cathode toward High-Performance Sodium-Ion Battery with Ultrahigh Cycling Stability.

The NASICON-type NaV(PO) (NVP) is recognized as a potential cathode material for Na-ion batteries (SIBs). Nevertheless, its inherent small electronic conductivity induces limited cycling stability and rate performance. Carbon coating, particularly N-doped carbon, has been identified as an effective strategy to address these challenges.

Constructing a Robust Interphase with 1,1'-Oxalyldiimidazole (ODI) Additive to Enhance the Temperature and Rate Performance of LiNiCoMnO/Graphite Batteries.

This work develops 1,1'-oxalyldiimidazole (ODI) as a functional electrolyte additive. This film-forming additive improves the wide range of temperature and rate performances of LiNiCoMnO/graphite (NCM811) batteries. After 1200 cycles at room temperature (25 °C), the discharge capacity retention rate is 51.

High-Performance Perovskite Photodetectors with Suppressed Dark Current Density via Small Molecule in Antisolvent Strategy.

Dark current density, a critical parameter in perovskite photodetectors (PPDs), largely depends on the quality of the perovskite film. Herein, we introduce a new small molecule in antisolvent strategy to enhance perovskite film quality during the crystallization of Cs(FAMA)Pb(IBr). COTIC-4Cl, an N-type narrow bandgap nonfullerene small molecule with specific functional group, could strongly bind to the uncoordinated Pb in the perovskite with assistance of antisolvent, enabling rapid supersaturation of perovskite solution and form dense structures under low-temperature annealing.

Magnetic Bistable Dome Actuators for Soft Robotics with High Volume Capacity and Motion Stability.

Magneto-responsive soft actuators hold significant promise in soft robotics due to their rapid responsiveness and untethered operation. However, controlling their deformations presents challenges because of their inherent flexibility and high degrees of freedom. Here, we present a magnetically driven bistable dome-shaped soft actuator that simplifies deformation by limiting it to two distinct states.

Inflammation Targeting-Triggered Healing Hydrogel for In Situ Reconstruction of Colonic Mucosa.

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is characterized by intestinal mucosal damage that exacerbates inflammation and promotes disease recurrence. Although hydrogel-based therapies have shown potential for mucosal repair, challenges remain due to inadequate targeting and low hydrogel density, leading to ongoing infiltration of harmful substances and delayed mucosal healing. In this study, an inflammation-targeting-triggered healing hydrogel (ITTH hydrogel) is developed, composed of polyvinyl alcohol-alginate microgels (PALMs) and a cyclodextrin polymer crosslinker (CPC).