Resource utilization of waste solar photovoltaic panels for preparation of microporous silicon nanoparticles.

With the exponential growth of global photovoltaic (PV) installed capacity, the quantity of discarded PV modules continues to rise. This study innovatively explored the sustainable recovery and utilization of raw materials from discarded solar panels, focusing on the transformation of recycled silicon into microporous silica nanoparticles (MSN). Low toxic organic solvent ethyl acetate (EA) was for the first time utilized to reduce the viscosity of ethylene-vinyl acetate (EVA) and facilitated its removal.

Assessing carbon stock change for effective Nature-based Solutions implementation allocation: A framework.

Mapping and assessing the carbon stock change (CSC) in urban areas can support the allocation of Nature-based Solutions (NbS) to mitigate climate change and advance urban sustainability. However, an effective framework concerning historical CSC and future simulation to support the allocation of NbS implementation is lacking. To fill this gap, we proposed a framework and applied it in the Zhejiang coastal region based on the assessment of historical (from 1990 to 2020) and predicted future (2030) CSC and local context analysis of urban and ecosystem challenges.

Exploring micro(nano)plastics toxicity from an environmental management perspective: Zebrafish as a vital bridge for assessing potential human health risks.

The pollution stemming from the unwarranted utilization and inadequate disposal of plastic products is undergoing rapid escalation. The problem of micro(nano)plastics (MNPs) pollution has recently garnered significant attention, and the issue of human exposure to MNPs cannot be disregarded. However, the present state of research concerning human exposure to MNPs remains in its early stages.

Pyrite in recirculating stacking hybrid constructed wetland: Electron transfer for nitrate reduction and phosphorus immobilization.

Pyrite is considered as an effective and environmentally friendly substrate in constructed wetlands (CW) for wastewater treatment, but its application in recirculation stacking hybrid constructed wetlands (RSHCW) has been scarcely studied. This study uses varying amounts of pyrite as the substrate in RSHCW, leveraging the recirculation of wastewater to alter microenvironments such as dissolved oxygen (DO) and pH, to explore the potential mechanisms of nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) removal in pyrite-based RSHCW. The results show that as the proportion of pyrite increases, the removal rate of total phosphorus (TP) in the effluent also increases (25%→58%), significantly enhancing the deposition of iron-bound phosphorus (Fe-P) on the substrate, thereby turning CW into a P reservoir.

Optimal allocation and application of water resources based on real water saving in a region with intensive human activity.

As water demand continues to grow, water resource management that only restricts water withdrawal can no longer ensure sustainable water use, especially in region with intensive human activities. In the water cycle of precipitation, runoff and evapotranspiration at the basin scale, only water evapotranspiration is the actual consumption of water. Water resource management that aims to control the total consumption within a basin is referred to as "real water saving," which can prevent the depletion of water resources.

Integration of volatilomics and microbiome diversity reveals key flavor-related metabolic pathways in semi-dried large yellow croaker (Pseudosciaena crocea).

A complex microbial community is critical for developing unique flavors in semi-dried large yellow croaker (Pseudosciaena crocea). Volatilomics analysis identified hexanal, heptanal, nonanal, phenylacetaldehyde, 1-octen-3-ol, and butanoic acid were identified as the key flavor compounds in the fish. Clostridium sensu stricto was the dominant genus, with a relative abundance of 79.

Improving the emulsification properties of corn starch by esterification combined with freeze-thawing and enzymatic treatment.

In this study, high performance porous starch was prepared by combining freeze-thawing and enzymatic hydrolysis with the aim of evaluating its potential as a starch emulsifier in Pickering emulsions. The results indicate that the combined treatment significantly altered the specific surface area of starch (from 0.3257 m/g to 1.

Removal of a parotid foreign body by endoscopic surgery-a case report.

Backgrounds: Parotid foreign bodies are not common. The majority of cases are caused by trauma. The clinical presentation, symptoms, and duration of discomfort vary among patients and may be challenging to treat.

Designing fluorescent covalent organic frameworks through regulation of link bond for selective detection of Al and Ce.

The high thermal stability and chemical durability of amide-linked covalent organic frameworks (amide COFs) make them a promising material for a range of new applications. Nevertheless, the low reversibility of the amide bond presents a significant challenge to the direct synthesis of amide-bonded COFs. In this paper, we present a simple method for synthesizing amide COFs.

Salvianic acid A ameliorates atherosclerosis through metabolic-dependent anti-EndMT pathway and repression of TGF-β/ALK5 signaling.

Background: Endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EndMT) has been identified as a key factor to the initiation and progression of the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis (AS). Salvianic acid A (SAAS) is the primary water-soluble bioactive ingredient found in Salvia miltiorrhiza, is renowned for its therapeutic effects on cardiovascular diseases. However, the efficacy and mechanisms of SAAS in treating EndMT-induced AS remain underexplored.

Mechanistic insights into the anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory functions of covalent-reactive cinnamyl compounds within Cinnamomum cassia.

Background: Cinnamomum cassia Presl (Lauraceae) is widely used as a medicinal plant in the folk medicine and pharmaceutic industry, for its promising anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidative, and anti-bacterial function. However, the major bioactive components were still in debate, and their underlying molecular mechanism was not yet fully understood.

Purpose: This study aimed to identify the bioactive ingredients of C.

Xiaohuafuning tang intervenes liver-depression-and-spleen-deficiency syndrome chronic-atrophic-gastritis by reshaping amino acid metabolism through gut Microbiota.

Background: Xiaohua Funing Tang (XHFND) is a decoction formula of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) and possesses the potential to manage chronic atrophic gastritis (CAG) with liver depression and spleen deficiency (LDSD), but the mechanisms were still unclear.

Purpose: Our aim is to reveal the overall synergistic mechanisms of XHFND against CAG with LDSD.

Methods: Based on a CAG rat model with LDSD, this study combined metabolomics, gut microbiota, and network pharmacology techniques to demonstrate the XHFND mechanisms with multiple components and targets.

Schisandra sphenanthera extract modulates sweet taste receptor pathway, IRS/PI3K, AMPK/mTOR pathway and endogenous metabolites against T2DM.

Background: Southern Schisandra is the dried and matured fruit of Schisandra sphenanthera Rehd. et Wils. in the family of Magnoliaceae; Traditional medicine reports that Schisandra sphenanthera has astringent and astringent properties, benefiting qi and promoting the production of body fluid, tranquilising the heart and calming the mind; it is clinically utilized for prolonged cough, thirst due to injury of the body fluid, internal heat and thirst, palpitation and insomnia, etc.

Subtypes of brain change in aging and their associations with cognition and Alzheimer's disease biomarkers.

Structural brain changes underlie cognitive changes and interindividual variability in cognition in older age. By using structural MRI data-driven clustering, we aimed to identify subgroups of cognitively unimpaired older adults based on brain change patterns and assess how changes in cortical thickness, surface area, and subcortical volume relate to cognitive change. We tested (1) which brain structural changes predict cognitive change (2) whether these are associated with core cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) Alzheimer's disease biomarkers, and (3) the degree of overlap between clusters derived from different structural modalities in 1899 cognitively healthy older adults followed up to 16 years.

Height development trends among 7-18-year-old school-age children in central plains of China between 2000 and 2019: A serial cross-sectional surveillance study in China.

Objective: The aim of this study was to analyze changes in height of 7-18-year-old school-age children in China during the year of 2000-2019.

Methods: We used the survey data from the Chinese National Survey on Students' Constitution and Health in Henan Province for the years 2000, 2005, 2010, 2014, and 2019. Data were categorized into subgroups based on geographic location, gender, and age; mean, standard deviation, and Pearson's correlation coefficient were used to analyze trends in height change among children and adolescents and the correlation between socioeconomic indicators and height change.

Clonal GZMKCD8 T cells are identified as a hallmark of the pathogenesis of cGVHD-induced bronchiolitis obliterans syndrome after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.

Background: Bronchiolitis obliterans syndrome (BOS) is one of the most devastating outcomes of chronic graft-versus-host disease (cGVHD) after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT). This remains an area of unmet clinical need for optimal therapy for BOS patients partly due to the limited understanding of pathogenic mechanisms.

Methods: We collected blood samples from 22 patients with cGVHD and 11 patients without cGVHD following allo-HSCT.

Correction of severe varus deformity in total knee arthroplasty with the technique of tibial plateau reduction.

Background: The optimal soft tissue release technique for severe varus total knee arthroplasty (TKA) remains controversial. The technique of tibial plateau reduction was suggested for severe varus deformity during TKA. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the clinical and radiological outcomes of the technique of tibial plateau reduction.

An Intermediate-Aided Perovskite Phase Purification for High-Performance Solar Cells.

In recent years, perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have garnered considerable attention as a prime candidate for next-generation photovoltaic technology. Ensuring the structural stability of perovskites is crucial to the operational reliability of these devices. However, the nonphotoactive yellow phase (δ-FAPbI) of formamidine (FA)-based perovskites is more favorable in thermodynamics, making it challenging to achieve pure α phase in crystallization.

Magnetic Field-Driven NiCo-3DOMC Modified Separators for Effective Lithium Polysulfide Mitigation and Catalysis.

Lithium-sulfur batteries (LSBs) face challenges from the shuttle effect of lithium polysulfides (LiPSs) and slow redox kinetics. In this study, a NiCo-Doped 3D Ordered Mesoporous Carbon (NiCo-3DOMC) composite material is synthesized using a gel-crystalline template and sol-gel method to modify polypropylene separators in LSBs. Density Functional Theory calculations and experiment results demonstrate that under a magnetic field, the NiCo-3DOMC enhances adsorption and catalyzes the conversion of LiPSs, effectively mitigating the shuttle effect and boosting redox kinetics.

N-Doping Fe-C@NbCT MXenes with High Stability and Strong Activity for Sodium-Ion Storage and Overall Water Splitting.

The development of highly stable and strongly active electrode materials for sodium-ion batteries (SIBs) and overall water splitting (OWS) is critical in sustainable energy storage and conversion systems. Here, a new electrode material N-Fe-C@NbCT is introduced, with a layered sandwich structure consisting of N-doping Fe-MOF derived-nanorods (Fe-C) and NbCT MXenes. Specifically, NbCT obtained by etching NbAlC with HF acid is used as the main body to construct the layered sandwich structure with Fe-C as the filler.

Surface Doping to Suppress Iodine Ion Migration for Stable FAPbI Perovskite Quantum Dot Solar Cells.

Formamidine lead iodide (FAPbI) quantum dots (QDs) have attracted great attention as a new generation of photovoltaic material due to their long carrier diffusion length, benign ambient stability, and light-harvesting ability. However, its large surface area with inherent thermodynamic instability and highly defective ionic termination are still major obstacles to fabricating high-performance devices. Herein, a metallic ion dopant is developed to post-treat FAPbI QDs immediately after their fabrication by using a metal-glutamate salt solution.

Iono-Optic Impedance Spectroscopy (I-OIS): A Model-Less Technique for In Situ Electrochemical Characterization of Mixed Ionic Electronic Conductors.

Functional properties of mixed ionic electronic conductors (MIECs) can be radically modified by (de)insertion of mobile charged defects. A complete control of this dynamic behavior has multiple applications in a myriad of fields including advanced computing, data processing, sensing or energy conversion. However, the effect of different MIEC's state-of-charge is not fully understood yet and there is a lack of strategies for fully controlling the defect content in a material.

Rational Design and Application of Breath Sensors for Healthcare Monitoring.

Biomarkers contained in human exhaled breath are closely related to certain diseases. As a noninvasive, portable, and efficient health diagnosis method, the breath sensor has received considerable attention in recent years for early disease screening and prevention due to its user-friendly and easy-accessible features. Although some key challenges have been addressed, its capability to precisely monitor specific biomarkers of interest and its physiological relevance to health metrics is still to be ascertained.

Mechano-Responsive Biomaterials for Bone Organoid Construction.

Mechanical force is essential for bone development, bone homeostasis, and bone fracture healing. In the past few decades, various biomaterials have been developed to provide mechanical signals that mimic the natural bone microenvironment, thereby promoting bone regeneration. Bone organoids, emerging as a novel research approach, are 3D micro-bone tissues that possess the ability to self-renew and self-organize, exhibiting biomimetic spatial characteristics.

Skin necrosis after autologous fat grafting for augmentation rhinoplasty: a case report and review of the literature.

Background: Autologous fat transplantation has gained increasing attention in the field of cosmetic surgery. However, a series of complications can occur after fat transplantation.

Case Presentation: A 24-year-old woman presented at our Hospital with nasal skin necrosis and ulceration.