Synergistic Enhancement of Ferroptosis via Mitochondrial Accumulation and Photodynamic-Controlled Release of an Organogold(I) Cluster Prodrug.

Effective delivery and controlled release of metallo-prodrugs with sustained activation and rapid response feed the needs of precise medicine in metal chemotherapeutics. However, gold-based anticancer drugs often suffer from detoxification binding and extracellular transfer by sulfur-containing peptides. To address this challenge, we integrate a thiol-activated prodrug strategy of newly prepared hypercoordinated carbon-centered gold(I) clusters (HCGCs) with their photosensitization character to augment the mitochondrial release of Au(I) in tumors.

The synergetic effect of edaravone and scutellarin in the MPP(+)-induced cell model of Parkinson's disease.

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a limb movement disorder caused by the degeneration of brain neurons and seriously affects the quality of life of the elderly. However, the current drugs are symptomatic treatments that cannot prevent or delay the development of the disease. Targeted therapy for pathogenesis may be the direction of development in the future.

Complex hierarchical structures analysis in single-cell data with Poincaré deep manifold transformation.

Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) offers remarkable insights into cellular development and differentiation by capturing the gene expression profiles of individual cells. The role of dimensionality reduction and visualization in the interpretation of scRNA-seq data has gained widely acceptance. However, current methods face several challenges, including incomplete structure-preserving strategies and high distortion in embeddings, which fail to effectively model complex cell trajectories with multiple branches.

Flexible deformation and special interface structure in nanoparticle-stabilized Pickering bubbles strengthen the immunological response as adjuvant.

Adjuvants can enhance an immunological response, which is an important part of vaccine research. Pickering bubbles have been a mega-hit for biomedical applications, including visualization and targeted drug delivery. However, there have been no studies on Pickering bubbles as an immunological adjuvant, and the special properties and structures of Pickering bubbles may play an important role in immunization.

Multi-Label Zero-Shot Learning Via Contrastive Label-Based Attention.

Multi-label zero-shot learning (ML-ZSL) strives to recognize all objects in an image, regardless of whether they are present in the training data. Recent methods incorporate an attention mechanism to locate labels in the image and generate class-specific semantic information. However, the attention mechanism built on visual features treats label embeddings equally in the prediction score, leading to severe semantic ambiguity.

The role of lnc‑MAPKAPK5‑AS1 in immune cell infiltration in hepatocellular carcinoma: Bioinformatics analysis and validation.

The oncogenic and tumor suppressor roles of lnc-MAPKAPK5-AS1 in multiple cancers suggest its complexity in modulating cancer progression. The expression and promoter methylation level of lnc-MAPKAPK5-AS1 in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) was investigated through data mining from The Cancer Genome Atlas and Gene Expression Omnibus and its significance in prognosis and immunity was explored. lnc-MAPKAPK5-AS1 was co-expressed with its protein-coding gene MAPKAPK5 in HCC and exhibited upregulation in HCC tissues as a result of hypomethylation of its promoter region.

Overexpression of miR‑424‑5p reduces cisplatin resistance by downregulating SMURF1 in gastric cancer.

Chemoresistance is a major obstacle in the treatment of gastric cancer (GC). Notably, aberrant expression of microRNAs (miRs) is closely related to tumor development and progression. In the present study, the role of miR-424-5p in the chemoresistance of GC was investigated.

The prognostic importance of the negative regulators of ferroptosis, GPX4 and HSPB1, in patients with colorectal cancer.

The prognostic value of negative regulators of ferroptosis in patients with colorectal cancer (CRC) has not yet been fully elucidated. The present study performed a systematic identification and selection of candidate negative regulators of ferroptosis using The Cancer Genome Atlas data cohort (n=367), followed by clinical validation through immunohistochemistry of samples from patients with CRC (n=166) and further evaluation. analysis identified specific light-chain subunit of the cystine/glutamate antiporter, AIFM2, NFE2L2, FTH1, GLS2, glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4) and heat shock protein β-1 (HSPB1) genes as possible candidates.

Gut microbiota and plasma metabolites in pregnant mothers and infant atopic dermatitis: A multi-omics study.

Background: Many studies reported the influence of infants' gut microbiota on atopic dermatitis (AD) postnatally, yet the role of maternal gut microbiota and plasma metabolites in infants' AD remains largely unexplored.

Methods: Sixty-three pregnant mother-infants were enrolled and followed after childbirth in Guangzhou, China. Demographic information, maternal stool and plasma samples, and records for infants' AD were collected.

Exploring the toxicology, socio-ecological impacts and biodegradation of microplastics in Africa: Potentials for resource conservation.

Achieving upcycling and circularity in the microplastic economy predominantly depends on collecting and sorting plastic waste from the source to the end-user for resource conservation. Microplastics, whether from packaging or non-packaging materials, pose a significant environmental challenge as they are often not prioritized for collection or recycling initiatives. The presence of additives impedes the quality of plastic recyclates and the persistence of microplastics as shredded resultants remain a threat to the aquatic and terrestrial ecosystem and its biodiversity.

3D modeling to predict vascular involvement in resectable pancreatic adenocarcinoma.

Background: Current management of patients with borderline resectable pancreatic adenocarcinoma (BR-PDAC) depends on the degree of involvement of the major arterial and venous structures. The aim of this study was to evaluate 3D segmentation and printing to predict tumor size and vascular involvement of BR-PDAC to improve pre-operative planning of vascular resection and better select patients for neoadjuvant therapy.

Methods: We retrospectively evaluated 16 patients with BR-PDAC near vascular structures who underwent pancreatoduodenectomy (PD) with or without vascular resection between 2015 and 2021.

Development and validation of a prediction model for coronary heart disease risk in depressed patients aged 20 years and older using machine learning algorithms.

Background: Depression is being increasingly acknowledged as an important risk factor contributing to coronary heart disease (CHD). Currently, there is no predictive model specifically designed to evaluate the risk of coronary heart disease among individuals with depression. We aim to develop a machine learning (ML) model that will analyze risk factors and forecast the probability of coronary heart disease in individuals suffering from depression.

Biosynthesis of Lysosomally Escaped Apoptotic Bodies Inhibits Inflammasome Synthesis in Macrophages.

Hyperglycemia and bacterial colonization in diabetic wounds aberrantly activate Nod-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) in macrophages, resulting in extensive inflammatory infiltration and impaired wound healing. Targeted suppression of the NLRP3 inflammasome shows promise in reducing macrophage inflammatory disruptions. However, challenges such as drug off-target effects and degradation via lysosomal capture remain during treatment.

Therapeutic effect of low-dose BMSCs-Loaded 3D microscaffold on early osteonecrosis of the femoral head.

The early treatment of Osteonecrosis of Femoral Head (ONFH) remains a clinical challenge. Conventional Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cell (BMSC) injection methods often result in unsatisfactory outcomes due to mechanical cell damage, low cell survival and retention rates, inadequate cell matrix accumulation, and poor intercellular interaction. In this study, we employed a novel cell carrier material termed "3D Microscaffold" to deliver BMSCs, addressing these issues and enhancing the therapeutic effects of cell therapy for ONFH.

MnGA with multiple enzyme-like properties for acute wound healing by reducing oxidative stress and modulating signaling pathways.

Nanozymes with specific catalytic activity inhibit inflammation and promote wound healing efficiently and safely. In this work, multifunctional manganese-based nanozymes (MnGA) with antioxidant properties were successfully constructed via a simple coordination reaction in which manganese chloride was used as the manganese source and gallic acid (GA) was used as the ligand solution. MnGA possesses both catalase-like (CAT-like) and superoxide dismutase-like (SOD-like) activities and a reactive nitrogen species (RNS) scavenging capacity, which enables it to efficiently inhibit the inflammatory response.

Bioceramic Surface Topography Regulating Immune Osteogenesis.

This study aims to clarify the effects of bioceramic interface cues on macrophages. Recently, there have been many researches exploring the effects of interface topography cues on macrophage polarization and cytokine secretion. However, the effects and underlying mechanisms of bioceramic interface cues on macrophages still need exploring.

Microsomal glutathione transferase 1 confers cisplatin resistance of non-small cell lung cancer via interaction with arachidonate lipoxygenase 5 to repress ferroptosis.

Objectives: Cisplatin (DDP) resistance remains a primary cause of chemotherapy failure and recurrence of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Abnormal high microsomal glutathione transferase 1 (MGST1) expression has been found in DDP-resistant NSCLC cells. This study aimed to explore the function and mechanism of MGST1 in DDP resistance of NSCLC cells.

Mass production of ultrasmall MnO nanoparticles for glutathione responsive off-on / switching magnetic resonance imaging and tumor theranostics.

Individual theranostics with an integrated multifunction holds considerable promise for clinical application compared with multicomponent regimes. MnO nanoparticles with an ultrasmall size (4 nm) and mass production capability were developed with dual function of integrated tumor magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and therapy. The high valence state of MnO nanocrystals enables a sensitive reaction with the glutathione (GSH) molecule and favorable decomposition ability, which further induces a unique, favorable, variable turn-off and turn-on MRI property.

The influence of different geographical origins and grades on the flavor of Qingxiangxing Baijiu: An integrated analysis using descriptive sensory evaluation, GC×GC-MS, E-nose, and ICP-MS.

The origin and grade are the important factors that influence the flavor and price of Qingxiangxing Baijiu (QXB). As the grade increased, sensory differences and geographical differences become more pronounced. The aromas of floral, fruity, and sweet become more noticeable, while the acidity decreased.

Reduce electrical overload via threaded Chinese acupuncture in nerve electrical therapy.

Bioelectrical stimulation is a powerful technique used to promote tissue regeneration, but it can be hindered by an "electrical overload" phenomenon in the core region of stimulation. We develop a threaded microneedle electrode system that protects against "electrical overload" by delivering medicinal hydrogel microspheres into the core regions. The threaded needle body is coated with polydopamine and chitosan to enhance the adhesion of microspheres, which are loaded into the threaded grooves, allowing for their stereoscopic release in the core regions.

Macrophage Polarisation in the Tumour Microenvironment: Recent Research Advances and Therapeutic Potential of Different Macrophage Reprogramming.

Background: Macrophages are a critical component of the innate immune system, derived from monocytes, with significant roles in anti-inflammatory and anti-tumour activities. In the tumour microenvironment, however, macrophages are often reprogrammed into tumour-associated macrophages (TAMs), which promote tumour growth, metastasis, and therapeutic resistance.

Purpose: To review recent advancements in the understanding of macrophage polarisation and reprogramming, highlighting their role in tumour progression and potential as therapeutic targets.

Insight into the Enhanced Removal of U(VI) with Fe-Ni Bimetallic Particles Loaded on Biochar.

This work develops Fe-Ni particles loaded on biochar (Fe-Ni/BC) to remove U(VI) efficiently. Fe-Ni bimetallic particles loaded on biochar (BC) can improve stability and reactivity, and the mesoporous structure of BC can effectively reduce Fe aggregation. The removal ability of Fe-Ni/BC is higher than that of Fe-Ni, BC, and Fe/BC.

Emoquine-1: A Hybrid Molecule Efficient against Multidrug-Resistant Parasites, Including the Artemisinin-Resistant Quiescent Stage, and Also Active In Vivo.

To challenge the multidrug resistance of malaria parasites, new hybrid compounds were synthesized and evaluated against laboratory strains and multidrug-resistant clinical isolates. Among these hybrids, emoquine-1 was the most active on proliferative , with IC values in the range of 20-55 nM and a high selectivity index with respect to mammalian cells. This drug retained its activity on several multiresistant field isolates from Cambodia and Guiana, exhibited no cross-resistance to artemisinin, and is also very active against the quiescent stage of the artemisinin-resistant parasites, three features that constitute the gold standard for new antimalarial drugs.

Quantitative evaluation of lumbar intervertebral disc degeneration: a comparison of ultrashort time-to-echo T2* with T1rho relaxometry.

Background: Early detection of changes in lumbar intervertebral disc degeneration (IVDD) has great clinical significance. T1rho and UTE-T2* relaxometry are capable of providing information about biochemical changes in IVDD. However, they have not been previously analyzed and compared directly in the same patients.