Protein prenylation in mechanotransduction: implications for disease and therapy.

The process by which cells translate external mechanical cues into intracellular biochemical signals involves intricate mechanisms that remain unclear. In recent years, research into post-translational modifications (PTMs) has offered valuable insights into this field, spotlighting protein prenylation as a crucial mechanism in cellular mechanotransduction and various human diseases. Protein prenylation, which involves the covalent attachment of isoprenoid groups to specific substrate proteins, profoundly affects the functions of key mechanotransduction proteins such as Rho, Ras, and lamins.

A comparative study on in vitro models of necrotizing enterocolitis induced by single and combined stimulation.

Background And Study Aims: Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is a severe gastrointestinal disease in neonates. In vitro model is an indispensable tool to study the pathogenesis of NEC. This study explored the effects of different stress factors on intestinal injury in vitro.

Efficacy and safety of chemotherapy combined with iodine-125 seed brachytherapy for intermediate and advanced oncogenic driver gene-negative non-small cell lung cancer.

Purpose: To compare the effectiveness and safety of CT-guided iodine-125 seed brachytherapy in conjunction with chemotherapy against chemotherapy alone for the management of intermediate and advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) lacking oncogenic driving genes.

Methods And Materials: Retrospective analysis was conducted on clinical data from 128 patients diagnosed with intermediate and advanced non-small cell lung cancer who received iodine-125 combined with chemotherapy or chemotherapy alone due to the absence of oncogenic driver gene mutations. The patients in two groups were compared at 6-month follow-up for objective remission rate (ORR), Disease control rate (DCR), local progression-free survival (LPFS), overall survival (OS), clinical symptom improvement, and adverse events.

Engineered Au@MOFs silk fibroin-based hydrogel phototherapy platform for enhanced wound healing performance.

Wound bacterial infections not only impede the healing process but can also give rise to a range of serious complications, thereby posing a substantial risk to human health. Developing effective wound dressings incorporating phototherapy functionalities, specifically photothermal therapy (PTT) and photodynamic therapy (PDT), remains a critical area of research in modern wound care. Existing PTT-PDT systems often suffer from challenges such as nanoparticle aggregation and inefficient reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, which are essential for therapeutic efficacy.

CDK1 inhibitor RO-3306 enhances BTKi potency in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma by suppressing JAK2/STAT3 signaling.

Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is the most common type of lymphoma in adults, which characterized by a high degree of heterogeneity in terms of clinical presentation, molecular phenotype, and genetic features. However, approximately 30 %-40 % of patients are refractory to standard chemotherapy, and their prognosis is poor. The emergence of small-molecule inhibitors, such as Bruton's tyrosine kinase inhibitors (BTKi), has greatly improved the treatment of DLBCL; however, drug resistance associated with small-molecule inhibitors has greatly limited their clinical application.

Preparation of Anterolateral Thigh Flap from Polio-Affected Lower Limb: A Safe Surgical Option that Preserves Patient's Motor Function.

The anterolateral thigh (ALT) flap is a commonly used donor site for free tissue transfer, especially in head and neck reconstructions. The flap's success is primarily determined by the quality and quantity of its perforating vessels, which is why clinicians typically prefer harvesting from a healthy leg with intact vascular anatomy. Poliomyelitis typically causes unilateral lower limb paralysis, resulting in muscle atrophy and deformities.

Efficient Hg(Ⅱ) removed by l-cysteine modified UiO-66 through chemical adsorption via a facile partial ligand replacement strategy.

In this work, UiO-66-l-cys with enhanced adsorption capacity for Hg(Ⅱ) in water was synthesized through a facile two-step partial ligand replacement strategy. The presence of the functional groups significantly enhanced the capacity of the material for Hg(Ⅱ). According to the Langmuir model, the maximum theoretical adsorption capacity was calculated to be 1321.

Design of a Co doped carbon Backbone with self-grown Au nanoparticles via a 'Triple Advantage' Strategy for sensitive dopamine detection.

In this study, a Co doped polyhedral carbon skeleton (Co CN) was prepared by nitrogen carbonization using ZIF-67 as a precursor. The Co CN features a rough surface with excellent electrical conductivity, and the Co atoms exhibit unique catalytic properties. Based on these characteristics, we used Co CN as a carrier to load Au nanoparticles (NPs) onto its surface through the linkage and reduction effects of polyoxometalates (POMs).

New insights into the neurophysiological effects of heat stress on the Chinese mitten crab (Eriocheir sinensis).

Climate warming and frequent incidents of extreme high temperatures are serious global concerns. Heat stress induced by high temperature has many adverse effects on animal physiology, especially in aquatic poikilotherms. Chinese mitten crab (Eriocheir sinensis) is sensitive to high temperatures, this study evaluated the harmful effects of heat stress on the neurotoxicity, intestinal health, microbial diversity, and metabolite profiles.

A critical view of silk fibroin for non-viral gene therapy.

Exogenous genes are inserted into target cells during gene therapy in order to compensate or rectify disorders brought on by faulty or aberrant genes. However, gene therapy is still in its early stages because of its unsatisfactory therapeutic effects which are mainly due to low transfection efficiency of vectors, high toxicity, and poor target specificity. A natural polymer with numerous bioactive sites, good mechanical qualities, biodegradability, biocompatibility, and processability called silk fibroin has gained attention as a possible gene therapy vector.

A polysaccharide from Morchella esculenta mycelia: Structural characterization and protective effect on antioxidant stress on PC12 cells against HO-induced oxidative damage.

Morchella esculenta (L.) Pers. is considered a precious edible and medicinal fungus due to its strict growth environment requirements, difficult to cultivate, resulted in expensive in the market.

Hepatic adverse events associated with ketamine and esketamine: A population-based disproportionality analysis.

Background And Objective: To determine whether there is disproportionate reporting of hepatobiliary disorders in the United States (US) FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS) for individuals prescribed ketamine or esketamine.

Design: We identified Medical Dictionary for Regulatory Activities (MedDRA) terms in the FAERS related to hepatobiliary disorders.

Main Measures: Formulations of ketamine and esketamine were evaluated for the proportionality of reporting for each hepatobiliary disorder parameter using the reporting odds ratio (ROR).

Differentiation therapy targeting the stalled epigenetic developmental programs in pediatric high-grade gliomas.

Pediatric high-grade gliomas (pHGGs) are the most common brain malignancies in children and are characterized by blocked differentiation. The epigenetic landscape of pHGGs, particularly the H3K27-altered and H3G34-mutant subtypes, suggests these tumors may be particularly susceptible to strategies that target blocked differentiation. Differentiation therapy aims to overcome this differentiation blockade by promoting glioma cell differentiation into more mature and less malignant cells.

Can microbiota gut-brain axis reverse neurodegenerative disorders in human?

The trillions of microbial populations residing in the gut have recently shown that they can be used as a remedy for various diseases. The gut microbiota-brain-axis interface is one unique pathway that the microbiota demonstrates its medicinal value. This medicinal value is further seen when there is a decline in gut microbial diversity (dysbiosis).

Unusual depolymerization mechanism of Poly(ethylene terephthalate) by hydrolase 202.

Polyethylene terephthalate (PET) waste significantly contributes to the global plastic crisis, but enzymatic conversion has become an efficient and environmentally friendly strategy to combat it. Therefore, this study explored the Re-face selective depolymerization mechanisms of a novel PET-degradation peptidase, hydrolase 202. Theoretical calculations revealed that the first step, a catalytic triad-assisted nucleophilic attack, is the rate-determining step.

Core-shell In/H-Beta@Ce catalyst with enhanced sulfur and water tolerance for selective catalytic reduction of NO by CH.

A series of core-shell In/H-Beta@Ce catalysts were synthesized by encapsulating In/H-Beta within an amorphous CeO shell and then evaluated for the selective catalytic reduction of NO by CH (CH-SCR) under challenging conditions with SO and HO. IB@Ce-2 achieved 57.7 % NO conversion at 625°C, representing a 23.

Less toxic combined microplastics exposure towards attached Chlorella sorokiniana in the presence of sulfamethoxazole while massive microalgal nitrous oxide emission under multiple stresses.

Microalgae-based wastewater treatment could realize simultaneous nutrients recovery and CO sequestration. However, impacts of environmental microplastics (MPs) and antibiotic co-exposure on microalgal growth, nutrients removal, intracellular nitric oxide (NO) accumulation and subsequent nitrous oxide (NO) emission are unclarified, which could greatly offset the CO sequestration benefit. To reveal the potential impacts of environmental concentrations of MPs and antibiotic co-exposure on microalgal greenhouse gas mitigation, this study investigated the effects of representative MPs (PE, PVC, PA), antibiotic sulfamethoxazole (SMX), and nitrite (NO-N) in various combinations on attached Chlorella sorokiniana growth, nutrients removal, anti-oxidative responses, and NO emission originated from intracellular NO build-up.

SO derivatives impair ovarian function by inhibiting Serpine1/NF-κB pathway-mediated ovarian granulosa cell survival.

Sulfur dioxide (SO) is a contributor to air pollution. Human evidence has demonstrated an association between SO exposure and diminished ovarian reserve. The toxicity of SO is mainly attributed to its derivatives, bisulfite and sulfite, which have a variety of adverse effects on both human health and the environment, yet have been widely used as additives in food processing and transportation.

Cellulose filter paper immobilized acetylcholinesterase for rapid screening of enzyme inhibitors in Phyllanthus emblica L.

Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) is widely recognized as a promising therapeutic target enzyme for Alzheimer's disease (AD). The screening of AChE inhibitors (AChEIs) holds great significance for the treatment of AD. In this study, cellulose filter paper (CFP) -immobilized AChE was prepared and firstly applied to screening AChEIs from 30 % ethanol extract of Phyllanthus emblica L.

Developmental changes of skin quality from breast, back, and thigh of Pekin ducks from 1 to 6 weeks of age.

Good skin quality not only improved carcass quality but also increased consumer demand for fresh poultry meat. This study aimed to investigate the developmental changes in skin growth and quality of Pekin ducks during 1-6 weeks of age. The skin samples were collected from the breast, back, and thigh tissues of six male ducks at the end of each week.

High selectivity, capacity and stability for electrochemical lithium extraction on boron-doped HMnO by tailoring lattice constant and intercalation energy.

A sustainable supply of lithium from salt-lake brines is necessary due to the surge in demand of the lithium-battery market. However, the presence of coexisting ions, particularly Na, poses a significant challenge due to the similarities in charge, electronic structure, and hydrated size. The electrochemical system with manganese (Mn)-based lithium-ion (Li) sieves electrodes is a promising method for Li recovery, but often suffers from geometric configuration distortion, which reduces their selectivity and capacity.

Impact of residual aluminum on nanofiltration gypsum scaling: Mitigation roles played by different species.

Residual aluminum (Al) is a growing pollutant in nanofiltration (NF) membrane-based drinking water treatment. To investigate the impact of distinct Al species fouling layers on gypsum scaling during NF, gypsum scaling tests were conducted on bare and three Al-conditioned (AlCl-, Al, and Al-) membranes. The morphology of gypsum, the role of Al species on Ca adsorption during gypsum scaling, and the interactions between gypsum crystals and Al-conditioned membranes were investigated.

Menin orchestrates macrophage reprogramming to maintain the pulmonary immune homeostasis.

Menin is a scaffold protein encoded by the Men1 gene, and it interacts with a variety of chromatin regulators to activate or repress cellular processes. The potential importance of menin in immune regulation remains unclear. Here, we report that myeloid deletion of Men1 results in the development of spontaneous pulmonary alveolar proteinosis (PAP).

Solvent Mediated Interfacial Microenvironment Design for High-Performance Electrochemical CO Reduction to C Products.

Electrochemical CO reduction (CORR) in membrane electrode assembly (MEA) represents a viable strategy for converting CO into value-added multi-carbon (C) compounds. Therefore, the microstructure of the catalyst layer (CL) affects local gas transport, charge conduction, and proton supply at three-phase interfaces, which is significantly determined by the solvent environment. However, the microenvironment of the CLs and the mechanism of the solvent effect on C selectivity remains elusive.