Unraveling the Trade-Off Effect of Pyrogenic Carbons Between Biopseudocapacitors and Bioconductors During Anaerobic Methanogenesis.

Pyrogenic carbons (PCs), with varying structures depending on the materials and thermal treatment conditions, have been extensively used to enhance anaerobic digestion by mediating electron transfer. However, the underlying mechanism has yet to be explored. Herein, the redirection and enhancement of the direct interspecies electron transfer (DIET) pathway were evidenced, along with the upregulated electrochemical properties and structural proteins in the methanogenic consortia.

Safety and efficacy of tirofiban in the endovascular treatment of intracranial aneurysms: a systematic evaluation and meta-analysis.

Patients with intracranial aneurysms (IA) undergoing endovascular treatment face varying risks and benefits when tirofiban is used for thromboprophylaxis during surgery. Currently, there is a lack of high-level evidence summarizing this information. This study aims to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate the efficacy and safety of tirofiban during endovascular treatment of IA.

Distributed communication interference resource scheduling using the master-slave parallel scheduling genetic algorithm.

With the increasing intelligence and diversification of communication interference in recent years, communication interference resource scheduling has received more attention. However, the existing interference scenario models have been developed mostly for remote high-power interference with a fixed number of jamming devices without considering power constraints. In addition, there have been fewer scenario models for short-range distributed communication interference with a variable number of jamming devices and power constraints.

Tunable optical nonreciprocity in double-cavity optomechanical system with nonreciprocal coupling.

We propose a double-cavity optomechanical system with nonreciprocal coupling to realize tunable optical nonreciprocity that has the prospect of making an optical device for the manipulation of information processing and communication. Here we investigate the steady-state dynamic processes of the double-cavity system and the transmission of optical waves from opposite cavity directions. The transmission spectrum of the probe field is presented in detail and the physical mechanism of the induced transparency window is analyzed.

Comparative transcriptome and metabolome analysis reveals the differential response to salinity stress of two genotypes brewing sorghum.

Salinity tolerance in brewing sorghum is a very important trait, especially in areas that are affected by soil salinity. In order to elucidate the mechanism underlying salt tolerance, we conducted a comparative analysis of the transcriptome and metabolome in two distinct sweet sorghum genotypes, namely the salt-tolerant line NY1298 and the salt-sensitive line MY1176, following exposure to salt treatment. Our initial findings indicate the presence of genotype-specific responses in brewing sorghum under salt stress conditions.

High-density lipoprotein nanoparticles spontaneously target to damaged renal tubules and alleviate renal fibrosis by remodeling the fibrotic niches.

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) ultimately causes renal fibrosis and end-stage renal disease, thus seriously threatens human health. However, current medications for CKD and fibrosis are inefficient, which is often due to poor targeting capability to renal tubule. In this study, we discover that biomimetic high-density lipoprotein (bHDL) lipid nanoparticles possess excellent targeting ability to injured tubular epithelial cells by kidney injury molecule-1(KIM-1) mediated internalization.

Data-driven exploration of weak coordination microenvironment in solid-state electrolyte for safe and energy-dense batteries.

The unsatisfactory ionic conductivity of solid polymer electrolytes hinders their practical use as substitutes for liquid electrolytes to address safety concerns. Although various plasticizers have been introduced to improve lithium-ion conduction kinetics, the lack of microenvironment understanding impedes the rational design of high-performance polymer electrolytes. Here, we design a class of Hofmann complexes that offer continuous two-dimensional lithium-ion conduction channels with functional ligands, creating highly conductive electrolytes.

Structural Basis of Ultralow Capacitances at Metal-Nonaqueous Solution Interfaces.

Metal-nonaqueous solution interfaces, a key to many electrochemical technologies, including lithium metal batteries, are much less understood than their aqueous counterparts. Herein, on several metal-nonaqueous solution interfaces, we observe capacitances that are 2 orders of magnitude lower than the usual double-layer capacitance. Combining electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, atomic force microscopy, and physical modeling, we ascribe the ultralow capacitance to an interfacial layer of 10-100 nm above the metal surface.

Platinum drugs upregulate CXCR4 and PD-L1 expression via ROS-dependent pathways, with implications for novel combined treatment in gastric cancer.

CXC chemokine receptor 4 (CXCR4) and programmed cell death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) are two critical molecules involved in the tumor immune microenvironment. However, the impact of platinum drugs, such as cisplatin, on CXCR4 or PD-L1 expression and the underlying mechanisms in gastric cancer (GC) remain unknown. Moreover, the correlation between their expression levels in GC remains elusive.

Nano LiF-Enabled In Situ Synergistic Catalytic Polymeric Electrolytes for Stable Lithium Metal Batteries.

Solid polymer electrolytes (SPEs) with excellent ionic conductivity and a wide electrochemical stability window are critical for high-energy lithium metal batteries (LMBs). However, the widespread application of polymer electrolytes is severely limited by inadequate room-temperature ionic conductivity, sluggish interfacial charge transport, and uncontrolled reactions at the electrode/electrolyte interface. Herein, we present a uniform polymerized 1,3-dioxolane (PDOL) composite solid polymer electrolyte (PDOL-S/F-nano LiF CSE) that satisfies these requirements through the in situ catalytic polymerization effect of nano LiF on the polymerization of 1,3-dioxolane-based electrolytes.

Prediction of Radiation Therapy Induced Cardiovascular Toxicity from Pretreatment CT Images in Patients with Thoracic Malignancy via an Optimal Biomarker Approach.

Rationale And Objectives: Cardiovascular toxicity is a well-known complication of thoracic radiation therapy (RT), leading to increased morbidity and mortality, but existing techniques to predict cardiovascular toxicity have limitations. Predictive biomarkers of cardiovascular toxicity may help to maximize patient outcomes.

Methods: The machine learning optimal biomarker (OBM) method was employed to predict development of cardiotoxicity (based on serial echocardiographic measurements of left ventricular ejection fraction and longitudinal strain) from computed tomography (CT) images in patients with thoracic malignancy undergoing RT.

Enhancing Electron Donor-Acceptor Complex Photoactivation with a Stable Perylene Diimide Metal-Organic Framework.

Electron donor-acceptor complexes are commonly employed to facilitate photoinduced radical-mediated organic reactions. However, achieving these photochemical processes with catalytic amounts of donors or acceptors can be challenging, especially when aiming to reduce catalyst loadings. Herein, we have unveiled a framework-based heterogenization approach that significantly enhances the photoredox activity of perylene diimide species in radical addition reactions with alkyl silicates by promoting faster and more efficient electron donor-acceptor complex formation.

Dual Ionic Signal Detection: Modulation of Surface Charge of Nanofluidic Iontronics by Dual-Split Gate Voltages.

Nanofluidic iontronics, including the field-effect ionic diode (FE-ID) and field-effect ionic transistor (FE-IT), represent emerging nanofluidic logic devices that have been employed in sensitive analyses. Making analyte recognitions in predefined nanofluidic devices has been verified to improve the sensitivity and selectivity using a single ionic signal, such as ionic current amplification, rectification, and Coulomb blockade. However, the detection of analytes in complex systems generally necessitates more diverse signals beyond just ionic currents.

Aptazyme-directed A-to-I RNA editing.

As a promising therapeutic approach, the RNA editing process can correct pathogenic mutations and is reversible and tunable, without permanently altering the genome. RNA editing mediated by human ADAR proteins offers unique advantages, including high specificity and low immunogenicity. Compared to CRISPR-based gene editing techniques, RNA editing events are temporary, which can reduce the risk of long-term unintended side effects, making off-target edits less concerning than DNA-targeting methods.

CellREADR: An ADAR-based RNA sensor-actuator device.

RNAs are central mediators of genetic information flow and gene regulation that underlie diverse cell types and cell states across species. Thus, methods that can sense and respond to RNA profiles in living cells will have broad applications in biology and medicine. CellREADR - Cell access through RNA sensing by Endogenous ADAR (adenosine deaminase acting on RNA), is a programmable RNA sensor-actuator technology that couples the detection of a cell-defining RNA to the translation of an effector protein to monitor and manipulate the cell.

Cobalt regulation biocathode with sulfate-reducing bacteria for enhancing the reduction of antimony and the removal of sulfate in a microbial electrolysis cell simultaneously.

Antimony (Sb) contamination in water resources poses a critical environmental and health challenge globally. Sulfate reducing bacteria (SRB) are employed to reduce SO to S for removing Sb in a microbial electrolysis cell (MEC). Yet, the reduction efficiency of reducing SO and Sb(Ⅴ) through SRB remains relatively low, and the underlying mechanism remains elusive.

rTMS improves cognitive function and its real-time and cumulative effect on neuronal excitability in aged mice.

Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) is acknowledged for its critical role in modulating neuronal excitability and enhancing cognitive function. The dentate gyrus of the hippocampus is closely linked to cognitive processes; however, the precise mechanisms by which changes in its excitability influence cognition are not yet fully understood. This study aimed to elucidate the effects on granule cell excitability and the effects on cognition of high-frequency rTMS in naturally aging mice, as well as to investigate the potential interactions between these two factors.

Pharmacological modulation of Sigma-1 receptor ameliorates pathological neuroinflammation in rats with diabetic neuropathic pain via the AKT/GSK-3β/NF-κB pathway.

Diabetic neuropathic pain (DNP) is a common complication of diabetes mellitus (DM) and is characterized by spontaneous pain and neuroinflammation. The Sigma-1 receptor (Sig-1R) has been proposed as a target for analgesic development. It is an important receptor with anti-inflammatory properties and has been found to regulate DNP.

Emergence of a novel group B streptococcus CC61 clade associated with human infections in southern China.

Objectives: Emerging human pathogens of animal origin have become an increasing public health concern in recent years. The aim of this study was to investigate the transmission of group B streptococcus (GBS) clonal complex (CC) 61 strains in the southern Chinese population and analyze their genetic characteristics.

Methods: Whole-genome sequencing was performed on 693 clinical isolates of GBS collected from southern China between 2016 and 2021, and the prevalence of human CC61 isolates was investigated by genomic epidemiology.

Comparability of the LDH measurement and analysis based on external quality assessment.

Background: Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) is a critical enzyme widely used in clinical diagnostics. However, variations in measurement systems can lead to inconsistent results, potentially impacting clinical decision-making. This study aimed to evaluate the comparability of lactate dehydrogenase measurements by comparing routine methods with the IFCC reference method, and to analyze the standardization status of LDH testing through external quality assessment (EQA).

In situ synthesis of HKUST-1 on copper-ammonia fiber for preparation of quaternary-ammonium chitosan based active packaging with sustained-release cinnamaldehyde.

Cinnamaldehyde (CIN) is gaining interest as a highly effective natural antimicrobial agent to extend the shelf life of fruits. However, its inherent instability limits further applications. In this work, a new strategy for the synthesis of HKUST-1 to encapsulate CINs by in situ growth method using copper-ammonia fiber as precursors is proposed.

Applications of modified lignocellulose and its composites prepared by different pretreatments in biomedicine: A review.

Lignocellulosic biomass represents one of the most abundant renewable biological resources on earth. Despite its current underutilization as a source of high-value chemicals, it has promising applications in biomedical and other fields. Presently, lignocellulose is predominantly transformed into high-value-added products, e.

Preparation and characterization of polyvinyl alcohol and chitosan composite film with cassia oil encapsulated in β-cyclodextrin and its application in fresh banana.

In this study, composite films were developed by encapsulating cassia oil (CO) with β-cyclodextrin through a microencapsulation technique and incorporating it into a chitosan (CS), polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and glycerol matrix. The primary objective of the film was to inhibit bacterial growth on the surface of fresh bananas and extend their shelf life. Characterization methods were employed to evaluate the physical properties and functionality of the composite films.

An intelligent bilayer film based on blue honeysuckle berries and Artemisia Sphaerocephala Krasch. Gum for Cyprinus carpio preservation and indication.

The demand for extended shelf life and food safety in the food industry continues to rise. At the same time, the environmental burden of traditional plastic packaging materials is becoming increasingly serious. Therefore, in this study, an intelligent bilayer film with a pH-sensitive inner indicator film based on Artemisia Sphaerocephala Krasch.