Inactivation and sublethal injury of Salmonella Typhimurium on beef and in aqueous solution treated with lactic acid.

Salmonella Typhimurium, a common foodborne pathogen, is widespread in foods. Lactic acid (LA) has been employed to control bacteria in food, while it can induce the formation of sublethally injured bacteria. The sublethal injury of LA against S.

Metatranscriptomic insights into the mechanism of 'Multiple Qu' utilization in Jian-flavor Baijiu fermentation.

The unique process of "Multiple-qu fermentation" (MF) is essential for the formation of the Jian-flavor Baijiu, but the mechanisms behind its aroma development remain not fully understood. This study compared the effects of "Single-qu fermentation"(SF) and MF on Baijiu production to elucidate the microbial and metabolic interactions responsible for its distinct aroma. Firstly, significant differences were observed in the microbial communities of the two types of Daqu.

Yeast community in the first-round fermentation of sauce-flavor Baijiu: Source, succession and metabolic function.

Yeasts play a crucial role in determining the quality and yield of sauce-flavor Baijiu, yet the source, succession, and metabolic functions of the yeast community in fermented grains during stacking fermentation remains unclear. In this study, amplicon sequencing combined with solid-state fermentation was used to investigate the structure and function of yeast community during the first-round fermentation of sauce-flavor Baijiu. The richness and diversity of yeast community increased throughout fermentation, with 83.

Effects of UV-A irradiation and microbial fermentation on the physicochemical, microstructure and functional properties of okara.

Whole utilization of okara has important economic value, but there are two technical barriers: coarse mouthfeel caused by insoluble dietary fiber (IDF) and undesirable "beany" off-odors. UV-A irradiation and/or microbial fermentation were used to modify okara. The results indicated that single and combined treatments increased the soluble dietary fiber (SDF) content.

The construction of a double-layer colon-targeted delivery system based on zein-shellac complex and gelatin-isomaltooligosaccharide Maillard product: In vitro and in vivo evaluation.

In this study, we developed a double-layer colon-targeted microcapsule. It used the Maillard product of gelatin-isomaltooligosaccharide (GI180) and zein-shellac complex (ZS) as bio-based materials, plant extracts (MPL) and Lactobacillus plantarum JJBYG12 (JJBYG12) were co-encapsulated, endowing them with strong resistance to harsh environments and precise intestinal adhesion and targeting ability. The research results indicated that ZS11 exhibits hydrogen bonding and electrostatic interactions.

Hijacking the hyaluronan assisted iron endocytosis to promote the ferroptosis in anticancer photodynamic therapy.

Photodynamic therapy (PDT) eradicates tumor cells by the light-stimulated reactive oxygen species, which also induces lipid peroxidation (LPO) and subsequently ferroptosis, an iron-depended cell death. Ferroptosis has a tremendous therapeutic potential in cancer treatment, however, the ferroptosis efficiency is largely limited by the available iron in cells. Through hijacking the CD44-mediated iron endocytosis of hyaluronan (HA), here PDT with enhanced ferroptosis was realized by a HA@Ce6 nanogel self-assembled from HA, a photosensitizer Chlorin e6 (Ce6) and Fe as cross-linkers.

A smart responsive NIR-operated chitosan-based nanoswitch to induce cascade immunogenic tumor ferroptosis via cytokine storm.

In this work we present a near-infrared (NIR)-operated nanoswitch based on chitosan nanoparticles (EpCAM-CS-co-PNVCL@IR780/IMQ NPs) that induces cascade immunogenic tumor ferroptosis via cytokine storm. The formulation was prepared by loading a photosensitiser (IR780) and an immunotherapeutic drug (imiquimod; IMQ) into temperature- and pH-responsive chitosan-based NPs functionalized with tumor-targeting aptamers. The EpCAM aptamer can chaperone the NPs selectively into cancer cells, and allow them to enter the cell nucleus.

Anti-inflammatory and antioxidant succinyl-chitosan oligosaccharide protects human epidermal cell and mouse skin against ultraviolet B-induced photodamage.

Ultraviolet B (UVB) irradiation from sunlight is one of the primary environmental factors that causes photodamage to the skin. The aim of this study was to prepare succinyl-chitosan oligosaccharide (SU-COS) and evaluate its protective effects and related molecular mechanisms against UVB-induced photodamage for the first time. SU-COS (substitution degree: 69.

Sprayable, antimicrobial and immunoregulation hydrogel loading exosomes based on oxidized sodium alginate for efficient wound healing at skin graft donor sites and health detection.

Skin grafting techniques are widely used for large burns, trauma, and various acute and chronic wounds, contributing greatly to the repair of traumatic tissue. However, donor site repair and regeneration are often neglected, resulting in infection and delayed healing. Therefore, it is crucial to reduce the rate of donor site infection and improve the speed and quality of healing.

Cellulose nanofiber-created air barrier enabling closed-cell foams prepared via oven-drying.

Cellulose foams are renewable and biodegradable materials that are promising substitutes for plastic foams. However, the scale-up fabrication of cellulose foams is severely hindered by technological complexity and cost- and time-consuming drying processes. Here, we developed a facile and robust method to fabricate cellulose foams via oven-drying following surfactant-assisted mechanical foaming of cellulose nanofibers (CNFs).

Polydopamine-integrated cellulose/graphene oxide monoliths: A versatile platform for efficient continuous-flow iodine capture and photothermal-enhanced reduction of Cr(VI).

The global challenge of wastewater contamination, especially from persistent pollutants like radioactive isotopes and heavy metals, demands innovative purification solutions. Radioactive iodine isotopes (I and I), stemming from nuclear activities, pose serious health risks due to their mobility, bioaccumulation, and ionizing radiation, particularly impacting thyroid health. Similarly, hexavalent chromium, Cr(VI), is highly toxic and persistent in water, linked to cancer and other severe health issues.

Biocompatible dually reinforced gellan gum hydrogels with selective antibacterial activity.

The poor mechanics and functionality of natural-polymer hydrogels from gellan gum (GG) prohibit their practical application, despite the intrinsic thermo-reversible gelation nature, structural and quality consistency, biocompatibility, biodegradability and sustainability of microbial fermentation-produced GG. Herein, a dual-reinforcing strategy, i.e.

Effect of glycoside hydrolase-mediated wheat arabinoxylan hydrolysate on gut microbiota and metabolite profiles.

Cereal arabinoxylans (AX) are complex non-digestible polysaccharides and their molecular structural features significantly influence their degradation and metabolic behaviors within the body. This study focuses on investigating the impact of wheat AX hydrolysates produced by different glycoside hydrolases on the gut microbiota during colonic fermentation. Endo-1,4-β-xylanase (XYN) and arabinofuranosidase (ARF) were used to hydrolyze the xylan backbone and remove the arabinose side chains, respectively.

Development of a rapid enzymatic quantification method for hyaluronic acid based on the gene-mining of hyaluronate lyase.

Hyaluronic acid (HA), a vital polysaccharide naturally present in human tissues, is widely utilized in the food, pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries due to its diverse functionalities and bioactivity. Rapid and accurate quantification of HA is essential for the quality control of its products. Enzymatic quantification methods, known for their simplicity and high specificity, were employed for polysaccharide measurement.

Biomimetic fucoidan nanoparticles with regulation of macrophage polarization for targeted therapy of acute lung injury.

Acute lung injury (ALI) is a complex acute respiratory illness with a high mortality rate. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) play a pivotal role in ALI, inducing cellular damage, inflammation, and oxidative stress, thereby exacerbating the severity of the injury. In this study, inspired by the "subtractive" strategy, we developed a fucoidan-based macrophage membrane bio-nanosystem, abbreviated as MF@CB, designed as an anti-inflammatory and antioxidant agent to alleviate lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammation in ALI.

One-pot ligation of multiple mRNA fragments on dsDNA splint advancing regional modification and translation.

Region-specific RNA modifications are crucial for advancing RNA research and therapeutics, including messenger RNA (mRNA)-based vaccines and immunotherapy. However, the predominant method, synthesizing regionally modified mRNAs with short single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) splints, encounters challenges in ligating long mRNA fragments due to the formation of RNA self-folded complex structures. To address this issue, we developed an efficient strategy using an easily obtained long double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) as a ligation splint after in situ denaturing, while parts of this dsDNA are the templates for transcribing mRNA fragments.

Sodium alginate-crosslinked montmorillonite nanosheets hydrogel for efficient gallium recovery.

An efficient adsorbent for Ga(III) recovery was developed by applying the geochemical principles of Ga mineralization, using Al-rich clay minerals with a natural affinity for Ga as the raw material. Sodium alginate (SA) facilitated the cross-linked assembly of montmorillonite nanosheets (MMTNS), forming a three-dimensional structured hydrogel. This was achieved through electrostatic interactions between -OH groups on the edges of MMTNS and -COO groups in SA, as well as the complexation of Ca and -COO groups.

Micro-corrugated chiral nematic cellulose nanocrystal films integrated with ionic conductive hydrogels leads to flexible materials for multidirectional strain sensing applications.

Multidirectional strain sensors are of technological importance for wearable devices and soft robots. Here, we report that flexible materials capable of multidirectional anisotropic strain sensing can be constructed leveraging diffusion-induced infiltration of monomers and in situ polymerization of metal ion-containing double network hydrogels in and on the surface of micro-corrugated chiral nematic cellulose nanocrystal/glucose films. Integrating the micro-corrugated cellulose nanocrystal/glucose chiral nematic films with ionic conductive hydrogels of PAA-co-AAm/sodium alginate/Al endows the materials with multidirectional mechanoelectrical resistivity and mechanochromism anisotropy.

Tandem modification strategy on technical lignin realize the balance of solubility and antioxidant activity in castor oil.

In this study, demethylated-acylated enzymatic hydrolysis lignin (DAEHL) with excellent solubility in castor oil and antioxidant activities were prepared via the tandem modification strategy. First, iodocyclohexane simultaneously achieved β-O-4 breakage and hydrogenation, which enhanced the antioxidant activity of lignin. Furthermore, the acylation reaction by palmitoyl chloride increased the alkyl content in the lignin, which can improve the solubility of lignin in castor oil.

Nanocellulose-reinforced nanofiber composite poly(aryl ether ketone) polymer electrolyte for advanced lithium batteries.

Solid polymer batteries (SPEs) are highly desirable for energy storage because of the urgent need for higher energy density and safer lithium ion batteries (LIBs). In this work, the single-ion lithium salt PAEK-LiCPSI was synthesized by grafting 3-chloropropanesulfonyl trifluoromethanesulimide lithium (LiCPSI) onto poly(aryl ether ketone) (PAEK). Nanocellulose (NCC), PAEK-LiCPSI, and poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF-HFP) were compounded to obtain NCC reinforced high-performance nanofiber composite polymer electrolytes (NCC/PAEK/PVDF) through electrospinning, which presented tensile strength of 15.

Glutathione depletion-based pH-responsive injectable hydrogels for synergistic treatment of colon tumor.

In this paper, a pH-sensitive chitosan-grafted phenylboronic acid (CS-BA)/polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) hydrogel was constructed based on dynamic borate bonding for loading chemotherapeutic drug cisplatin (CDDP) and divalent Cu (CS-BA/PVA-Cu-CDDP). The hydrogel can respond and degrade specifically in the simulative acidic tumor microenvironment (TME), and the released Cu can deplete glutathione (GSH) in tumor cells and generate Cu. It is worth noting that, Cu can further catalyze the Fenton-like reaction to generate cancer cell-toxic hydroxyl radicals (OH•).

A novel photoelectrochemical biosensor for sensitive detection of nucleic acids based on recombinase polymerase amplification and 3D-array titania nanorods.

Nucleic acids detection is essential for diagnosing pathogens; however, traditional methods usually face challenges such as low sensitivity, lengthy reaction times, and strict temperature requirements. This study develops a novel photoelectrochemical (PEC) biosensor that integrates recombinase polymerase amplification (RPA) with a 3D-array titania (TiO) nanorods nanorod electrode, addressing the challenge of achieving sensitive detection of RPA-amplified nucleic acids products, thereby enabling earlier and more reliable pathogen detection. The biosensor utilizes a triple-binding mode involving FITC antibodies, target nucleic acids, and an HRP-streptavidin sandwich structure, significantly improving the bio-functionalization of the electrode surface.

The role and mechanism of m6A methylation in diabetic nephropathy.

Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is one of the most common microvascular complications of diabetes mellitus, characterized by progressive deterioration of renal structure and function, which may eventually lead to end-stage kidney disease (ESKD). The N6-methyladenosine (m6A) methylation, an important modality of RNA modification, involves three classes of key regulators, writers (e.g.

Imaged capillary isoelectric focusing and online mass spectrometry for milk whey protein characterization in dairy products.

Characterizing major bovine milk proteins, including whey and casein, is of significant interest in the dairy industry. The diverse array of protein proteoforms can be different in terms of genetic variation, breed ways, lactation stage, and animal nutritional status. Current routine methods for bovine milk protein profiling are typically based on immunological techniques, infrared spectroscopy, slab gel isoelectric focusing, capillary electrophoresis, and high-performance liquid chromatography.

Harnessing nature's arsenal: Targeting the TGF-β/Smad Cascade with novel natural anti-fibrotic agents.

Background: Hepatic fibrosis is a wound healing response that leads to excessive deposition of extracellular matrix (ECM) due to sustained liver injury. Hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) are key players in ECM synthesis, with the TGF-β/Smad signaling pathway being central to their activation. Despite advances in understanding the pathogenesis of hepatic fibrosis, effective anti-fibrotic therapies are still lacking.