PcoCas12a: A novel CRISPR enzyme from Prevotella copri enhancing TCR-T-cell tumor suppression.

Genome editing technologies have been widely utilized in cell engineering, demonstrating immense potential in cell and gene therapy. However, an optimal gene-editing enzyme for immune cell editing remains unidentified. In this study, we identified a novel gene editing enzyme, termed CRISPR/PcoCas12a, derived from Prevotella copri, which recognizes a 5'-YYN PAM sequence.

Structural characterization of an apple polysaccharide and its anti-inflammatory effect through suppressing TLR4/NF-κB signaling.

The current study isolated a homogeneous polysaccharide (AP) with a molecular weight of 7.9 kDa from the pomace of Fuji apples. AP was found to consists of rhamnose, galactose, arabinose, glucose, and galacturonic acid in a ratio of 4.

5-Methylcytosine-modified circRNA-CCNL2 regulates vascular remdeling in hypoxic pulmonary hypertension through binding to FXR2.

Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a malignant cardiovascular disease with a complex etiology. 5-Methylcytosine (m5C) is a post-transcriptional RNA modification identified in both stable and highly abundant RNAs, with a lower frequency of occurrence in circular RNAs (circRNAs). Nevertheless, the function of m5C-modified circRNAs in the pathogenesis of PH remains uncertain.

Interventions to Reduce Loneliness Among Community-dwelling Older Adults: A Network Meta-analysis and Systematic Review.

Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of interventions in reducing loneliness among community-dwelling older adults.

Design: A network meta-analysis (NMA) and systematic review.

Setting And Participants: Interventional studies were included if they contained original quantitative data on interventions to reduce loneliness among community-dwelling older adults.

Stability of lead immobilization by Aspergillus niger and fluorapatite under different pH conditions.

The combination of Aspergillus niger (A. niger) and fluorapatite (FAp) has been applied in lead (Pb) immobilization. However, the different pH can affect the stability of the immobilized Pb minerals.

Comparative genomics analysis of the reason for C heavy-ion irradiation in improving FeO nanoparticle yield of Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans.

The FeO nanoparticle synthesized by Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans have a broad practical value, while the low yield limits their commercial application. Herein, we employed a C heavy-ion beam to induce mutagenesis of A. ferrooxidans BYM and successfully screened a mutant BYMT-200 with a 1.

In vitro study of the pro-apoptotic mechanism of amino acid Schiff base copper complexes on anaplastic thyroid cancer.

In the endocrine system, anaplastic thyroid cancer (ATC) is extremely aggressive since it inhibits the majority of medications and treatments. Therefore, there is an immediate demand to identify new treatment approaches or drugs to deal with ATC. Recently, amino acid Schiff base copper complexes have received great attention due to their excellent anti-tumor activity.

Reverse osmosis membrane fouling caused by typical surfactants in the integrated circuit industry: Fouling mechanism and control strategies.

In the integrated circuit manufacturing process, reverse osmosis (RO) membranes are widely used for wastewater reclamation. However, fouling by typical surfactants significantly reduces membrane efficiency and lifespan. This study investigates the fouling mechanisms of typical surfactants-cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide (CTAB, cationic), sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS, anionic), and polyoxyethylene octyl phenyl ether (TX, nonionic)-on RO membranes.

Integrated UHPLC-Q-exactive orbitrap HRMS and serum pharmacochemistry for the investigation of anti-hepatic fibrosis effect of Baoganning Decoction.

Background: Early intervention in hepatic fibrosis (HF) is critical to reducing the risk of cirrhosis-related mortality and hepatocellular cancer. However, treating fibrosis has proven to be more challenging, with no approved anti-fibrotic therapies currently available for HF. Traditional Chinese medicines (TCMs) hold significant potential for the management of HF.

Recent advances in the dual effects of activin A on tumors.

Activin A, a gonadal protein, not only stimulates the pituitary to secrete follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) but also plays a crucial role in regulating various cell behaviors, such as cell proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis, migration, and invasion. Studies have shown an association between activin A expression and tumor progression, highlighting its dual role in cancer. Similar to transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β), activin A can have both pro-tumor and anti-tumor effects, for instance, it inhibits the migration of lung adenocarcinoma cells, while promotes the migration of triple-negative breast cancer cells.

Single-cell RNA sequencing reveals intrahepatic signature related to pathobiology of duck hepatitis A virus type 3 (DHAV-3) infection.

DHAV-3 is one of the main causative agents of duck viral hepatitis (DVH), an acute and highly lethal infectious disease in duck industry. However, the understanding of the pathogenesis of this virus in ducklings is limited. To dissect the molecular characteristics associated with pathobiology of ducklings to DHAV-3, we applied single-cell RNA-sequencing approach to profile the transcriptome of 1.

Pharmacokinetics of difloxacin after single intravenous, oral and intramuscular administration in pigeons.

This study aimed to investigate the pharmacokinetics of difloxacin in pigeons following oral (PO), intramuscular (IM), and intravenous (IV) administration. Thirty pigeons were randomly divided into three groups (IM, IV, and PO; n = 10 per group). Difloxacin was administered at 10 mg/kg body weight (BW) via each route.

Aurora kinase B inhibitor AZD1152: repurposing for treatment of lupus nephritis driven by the results of clinical trials.

Background: Lupus nephritis (LN) is one of the most common and severe complications of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Multitarget therapy (MT) achieves a 20% higher complete remission (CR) rate compared to conventional therapy in LN management. Intrigued by its excellent clinical efficacy, we aimed to develop a single-agent therapy with comparable efficacy to MT, offering a simplified treatment regimen.

Microbial diversity and interactions: Synergistic effects and potential applications of Pseudomonas and Bacillus consortia.

Microbial diversity and interactions in the rhizosphere play a crucial role in plant health and ecosystem functioning. Among the myriads of rhizosphere microbes, Pseudomonas and Bacillus are prominent players known for their multifaceted functionalities and beneficial effects on plant growth. The molecular mechanism of interspecies interactions between natural isolates of Bacillus and Pseudomonas in medium conditions is well understood, but the interaction between the two in vivo remains unclear.

3-Hydroxyanthranic acid inhibits growth of oral squamous carcinoma cells through growth arrest and DNA damage inducible alpha.

Objectives: The specific role of 3-hydroxyanthranilic acid(3-HAA) in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) remains unclear. This study investigated the roles of 3-HAA in OSCC and the underlying mechanism.

Materials And Methods: The effects of 3-HAA on OSCC were examined using CCK-8, colony formation, EdU incorporation assays and xenograft mouse model.

Triphenylphosphine-modified cyclometalated iridium complexes as mitochondria-targeting anticancer agents with enhanced selectivity.

This study presents the development and evaluation of triphenylphosphine-modified cyclometalated iridium complexes as selective anticancer agents targeting mitochondria. By leveraging the mitochondrial localization capability of the triphenylphosphine group, these complexes displayed promising cytotoxicity in the micromolar range (3.12-7.

Progress in the study of anti-Alzheimer's disease activity of pyrimidine-containing bioactive molecules.

Pyrimidines are aromatic, heterocyclic organic compounds characterized by a six-membered ring that contains four carbon atoms and two nitrogen atoms. They have been reported to exhibit a variety of biological activities such as antifungal, antiviral, and anti-Parkinsonian effects. Recently, there has been an increased focus on their potential anti-Alzheimer's properties.

A mitochondria-interfering nanocomplex cooperates with photodynamic therapy to boost antitumor immunity.

Immunotherapeutics against triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) hold great promise. In this work, we provide a combination therapy for simultaneous increasing tumor immunogenicity and down-regulating programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1) to boost antitumor immunity in TNBC. We prepare bis (diethyldithiocarbamate)-copper/indocyanine green nanoparticles (CuET/ICG NPs) simply in aqueous with one-pot method.

Bioresponsive nanoreactor initiates cascade reactions for tumor vascular normalization and lactate depletion to augment immunotherapy.

Immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) therapy has revolutionized cancer treatment. However, abnormal tumor vasculature and excess lactate contribute to tumor immunosuppression and confer resistance to ICB therapy, seriously limiting its clinical application. Here, we have developed a bioresponsive nanoreactor, ALMn, which consists of hollow manganese dioxide nanoparticles with encapsulation of lactate oxidase and L-Arginine, to overcome immunosuppression and sensitize ICB therapy.

Albumin-seeking NIR dyes for high-sensitive imaging of glomerular filtration barrier breakdown.

The kidney, vital for metabolic balance, faces risks of severe diseases if dysfunctional. The glomerular filtration barrier (GFB), crucial for blood filtration, disrupts in conditions like diabetic nephropathy or nephritides, resulting in proteinuria or even renal failure. Monitoring GFB integrity is essential for early diagnosis or prognostic monitoring.

A lamb freshness detection model using a flexible optoelectronic in-situ sensing system and multi-input multi-label causal ensemble learning.

Efficient, non-destructive and real-time meat freshness assessment has always been a hot research topic. This paper presents a novel approach for detecting lamb meat freshness using a flexible optoelectronic sensing system combined with an integrated learning model. We developed a flexible impedance sensing system and a flexible optical sensing system through laser direct writing and transfer technology.

Sensitive characterization of complex chemical reactions in black garlic preparation based on on-line extraction electrospray ionization mass spectrometry.

Changes in chemical composition during food processing and handling are crucial for the alteration of food flavor and function, and accurate characterization of key chemical reaction pathways in complex food matrices is one of the core challenges in food chemistry research. Here, this study attempts to establish a strategy for sensitive characterization of chemical reactions during food processing based on on-line extraction electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (oEESI-MS). The process of making garlic into black garlic, a traditional global flavor food, was chosen as an exemplary research template.

Bioaccumulation of novel brominated flame retardants in a marine food web: A comprehensive analysis of occurrence, trophic transfer, and interfering factors.

Although the concept of bioaccumulation for novel brominated flame retardants (NBFRs) is clear, the process and interfering factors of bioaccumulation are still not fully understood. The present study comprehensively evaluated the occurrence, transfer and interfering factors of NBFRs in a marine food web to provide new thought and perspective for the bioaccumulation of these compounds. The occurrence of 17 NBFRs were determined from 8 water, 8 sediment and 303 organism samples collected from Dalian Bay, China.

Molecular engineering of poly(amino)heptazine expands intra-molecular built-in electric field for efficient activation persulfate.

In the manipulation of π-conjugated organic polymer, strategic alterations to the polymerization cascade facilitate the integration of donor (D) and acceptor (A) entities within the polymer's backbone. Such control is instrumental in broadening the photoresponse spectrum, enhancing photoinduced charge separation, and augmenting the efficiency of charge transfer processes. The oxygen-containing amino group (-ONH) was innovatively grafted into the polymerization process of the triazine-heptazine ring skeleton, and the -ONH was used as a capping agent to change the chain bonding in the polymerization process, thus a new intramolecular D-A structure was successfully constructed.

Electrocatalytic methane conversion via in-situ generated superoxide radicals in an aprotic ionic liquid.

The electrochemical activation and partial oxidation of methane are highly attractive to enable the direct conversion in a sustainable and decentralized way. Herein, we report an electrochemical system in a non-diaphragm electrochemical bath to convert CH to CHOH and CHCHOH at room temperature, in which VO·HO as the anodic catalyst to activate CH and an aprotic ionic liquid [BMIM]BF as supporting electrolyte to control superoxide radicals (O) as the main active oxygen species generated on cathode. As a result, methanol and ethanol were identified as the liquid products, and the superior methanol Faraday efficiency (FE) of 32.