Lignocellulosic biomass as promising substrate for polyhydroxyalkanoate production: Advances and perspectives.

The depletion of fossil resources, coupled with global warming and adverse environmental impact of traditional petroleum-based plastics, have necessitated the discovery of renewable resources and innovative biodegradable materials. Lignocellulosic biomass (LB) emerges as a highly promising, sustainable and eco-friendly approach for accumulating polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA), as it completely bypasses the problem of "competition for food". This sustainable and economically efficient feedstock has the potential to lower PHA production costs and facilitate its competitive commercialization, and support the principles of circular bioeconomy.

A ratiometric fluorescence and visual sensor based on conjugated polymer nanoparticles@MnO probe for organophosphorus pesticides detection.

Organophosphorus (OPs) pesticide residues pose significant threats to human health and the environment. To tackle this issue, we synthesized water-soluble fluorescent conjugated polymer nanoparticles (WSCPNs), which offer high fluorescence intensity, simple preparation methods, and ease of functionalization, making them ideal candidates for fluorescent sensing applications. These WSCPNs were subsequently used to prepare a WSCPNs@MnO probe via in situ synthesis, resulting in efficient fluorescence resonance energy transfer between WSCPNs and MnO₂.

Laser-induced plasma imaging for quantitative analysis of intergranular corrosion susceptibility of aluminum alloys.

Magnesium plays an important role in the hardening mechanism of aluminum alloys, but sensitisation-induced intergranular corrosion cracking limits the widespread use of aluminum alloy in equipment. For on-site quantitative assessment of sensitisation in 5-series aluminum alloys, a laser-induced plasma imaging technique is proposed, which evaluates the degree of aluminum alloy sensitisation by obtaining images of the plasma formed by laser ablation of aluminum alloys, and then classifying and quantifying the images using a residual network. Compared to EMAT, XRD, ECT and LIBS techniques, the sample surface only needs to be polished, does not consume chemical reagents and is not affected by the shape and thickness of the workpiece, which provides higher quantitative accuracy, stability and detection efficiency.

CoO/CeO@C nanopetals derived Cobalt-Cerium Prussian blue with enhanced Dual-Enzyme mimetic activity for detection of ascorbic acid in rat brain during calm/ischemic processes.

In this study, we demonstrate that a highly efficient colorimetric sensor prepared from carbon-shielded Co-Ce Prussian blue analog (PBA) nanopetals (CoO/CeO@C) by green chemical deposition method and thermal annealing processes for detection of ascorbic acid (AA) in cerebral microdialysis fluids. The synthesized CoO/CeO@C showed high dual-mimetic activity, i.e.

Developmental dynamics mimicking inversely engineered pericellular matrix for articular cartilage regeneration.

The mechanical mismatch of scaffold matrix-mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) has been a longstanding issue in the clinical application of MSC-based therapy for articular cartilage (AC) regeneration. Existing tissue-engineered scaffolds underestimate the importance of the natural chondrocyte pericellular matrix (PCM). Here, we reveal the temporal and spatial characteristics of collagen distribution around the chondrocytes.

How biofilm and granular sludge cope with dissolved oxygen exposure in anammox process: Performance, bioaccumulation characteristics and bacterial evolution.

In order to study the resistance mechanisms of biofilm and granular sludge to various dissolved oxygen (DO) exposures in anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox) process, a biofilm - granular sludge anammox reactor was established and operated. Experimental results showed that DO levels of ≤0.41 mg L hardly affected the total nitrogen removal efficiency (TNRE).

Key enzymatic activities and metabolic pathway dynamics in acidogenic fermentation of food waste: Impact of pH and organic loading rate.

Acidogenic fermentation was an effective technology to recover volatile fatty acids (VFAs) ethanol and lactic acid from food wastes (FW) as bioresources. However, the impact of process controls on key functional enzymes and metabolic pathways has been inadequately understood. In this study, the metabolite distribution, key functional enzymes and metabolic pathways were completely elucidated using 16S rRNA gene high-throughput sequencing combined with PICRUSt2.

Potential and characteristics on nitrobenzene degradation by biological acidification.

Biological acidification, efficient and low-cost biotechnology, is crucial in treating pharmaceutical, pesticide water, and petrochemical wastewater. Nitrobenzene is a typical organic pollutant in petrochemical wastewater with high toxicity and long persistence. However, its effect on hydrolysis acidification is yet to be fully elucidated.

Behaviors of bio-modified calcium-based sorbents for simultaneous CO/NO removal: Correlation of the characteristics of biomass, modified Ca-sorbent and reactivity.

Simultaneous CO/NO removal from flue gas is extensively attracted to meet the goal of atmospheric pollutant and carbon mitigations. An optimized CaO-CO system via the design of the bio-modified calcium-based pellet is proposed in which the pyrolysis of biomass ensures efficient CO/NO removal. Since the type of biomass shows great influence on the characteristics of pyrolysis products which may influence the behavior of reaction, the correlations of characteristics of biomass structural components, modified Ca-sorbent, and CO/NO removal reactivity were established with the support of experimental results and Density functional theory (DFT) calculation.

Boron and defects co-doped MXene enables high-performance Na-Se batteries.

Sodium selenium (Na-Se) batteries are considered promising candidates for next-generation energy storage devices due to their high volumetric energy density. However, the Se cathode still faces the problems of the shuttling effect and sluggish selenium reduction kinetics. Improving the surface adsorption and catalytic process of selenium cathode can greatly solve the above issues and achieve excellent performance to enhance the application of Na-Se batteries.

Solvation enabled highly efficient gradient assembly creates robust metal-phenolic coatings.

Metal-phenolic networks (MPNs) are supramolecular materials that have received interest in various fields, including biomedicine, separations, environmental remediation, and catalysis. Despite recent advances, the construction of thick and robust MPN coatings that withstand harsh conditions (e.g.

Rapid and reversible sodium-ion cathode materials for NASICON NaMnTiPBO achieved through Boron-substitution.

NaMnTi(PO) is a promising sodium-ion cathode material due to its relatively high specific capacity, excellent thermodynamic stability and low cost. However, unfavorable electron conductivity and slow kinetics limit its practical application. Here, a strategy of hetero and multivalent anion substitution is proposed to achieve high-rate performance and good capacity retention.

Electronic and vacancy engineering of ruthenium doped hollow-structured NiO/CoO nanoreactors for low-barrier electrochemical urea-assisted energy-saving hydrogen production.

Discovering a valid approach to achieve a novel and efficient water splitting catalyst is essential for the development of hydrogen energy technology. Herein, unique hollow-structured ruthenium (Ru)-doped nickel-cobalt oxide (Ru-NiO/CoO/NF) nanocube arrays are fabricated as high-efficiency bifunctional electrocatalysts for hydrogen evolution reaction (HER)/urea oxidation reaction (UOR) through combined electronic and vacancy engineering. The structural characterization and experimental results indicate that the doping of Ru can not only effectively modulate the electronic structure of Ru-NiO/CoO/NF, but also increase the content of oxygen vacancies in the structure of Ru-NiO/CoO/NF to stabilize the existence of oxygen vacancies during the catalytic process.

Forsythiaside A alleviates myocardial injury in streptozotocin-induced diabetes via endoplasmic reticulum stress-NLRP3 inflammasome pathway.

The aim of this study was to evaluate for the effects of forsythiaside A (FA) on myocardial injury in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetes mice. Blood glucose (BG), serum triglycerides (TG), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), creatine kinase isoenzyme (CK-MB), cardiac troponin (cTnI), malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD) levels were detected in STZ mice. The structure and function of heart was observed via cardiac ultrasound.

Diagnostic value of SAT-TB in stool and urine samples for intestinal and urinary tuberculosis.

Background: The simultaneous amplification/testing for tuberculosis (SAT-TB) targets specific 16s rRNA for detecting Mycobacterium tuberculosis in real-time.

Objective: To evaluate SAT-TB's performance in detecting intestinal and urinary TB using stool and urine samples.

Methods: Stool (94) and urine samples (69) (From 2021 to 2022), were collected from pulmonary combined with suspected intestinal or urinary tuberculosis.

A π-hole bond functionalized magnetic nanosorbent for the solid phase extraction of 15 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons from environmental water samples.

A new type of sorbent functionalized with π-hole bond, perfluoronaphthyl bonded magnetic nanosorbent (FeO@SiO-CF), was designed and synthesized. The morphology, structure and magnetic properties of the sorbent were characterized. The results of a comparative experiment with naphthyl bonded magnetic nanosorbent (FeO@SiO-CH) revealed that the π-hole bonds between perfluoronaphthyl and PAHs improved adsorbilities for PAHs in water compared to the traditional π-π interactions between naphthyl and PAHs.

Exploring the efficacy of Wenshentiaojing decoction in PCOS: Network pharmacology and mouse model insights.

Background: Wenshentiaojing Decoction (WSTJD), a traditional Chinese herbal prescription, was first recorded in the "Ye Tianshi female department secret recipe for diagnosis and treatment ". It has been proven effective in treating polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). However, the active ingredients and molecular mechanism of WSTJD against PCOS remain unclear.

Development of a nomogram model for early prediction of refractory convulsive status epilepticus.

Introduction: We aim to identify risk factors that predict refractory convulsive status epilepticus (RCSE) and to develop a model for early recognition of patients at high risk for RCSE.

Methods: This study involved 200 patients diagnosed with convulsive status epilepticus (CSE), of whom 73 were RCSE and 127 were non-RCSE. Variables included demographic information, lifestyle factors, medical history, comorbidities, clinical symptoms, neuroimaging characteristics, laboratory tests, and nutritional scores.

The underestimated environmental risk of tris (2-chloroethyl) phosphate photodegradation in aqueous environment induced by polystyrene microplastics.

Tris(2-choroethyl) phosphate (TCEP) is commonly utilized as a flame retardant and plasticizer, which inevitably coexists with polystyrene microplastics (PS-MPs) in aquatic environments. In this work, the promoting effect of pristine and aged PS-MPs on the photodegradation of TCEP was observed, and the reaction mechanisms and environmental risks of PS-MPs enhancing TCEP photodegradation were clearly revealed. The aged PS-MPs presenting more significant enhancement was attributed to more generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS).

Nanofiltration membranes with fast water transport induced by controlled interfacial diffusion to enhance desalination and micropollutant removal.

Nanofiltration (NF) membranes offer tremendous potential in wastewater reuse, desalination, and resource recovery to alleviate water scarcity and environmental contamination. However, separating micropollutants and charged ions from wastewater while maintaining high water permeation remains challenging for conventional NF membranes. Customizing diffusion and interaction behavior of monomers at membrane-forming interfaces is promising for regulating interior pore structures and surface morphology properties for polyamide NF membranes, reaching efficient screening and retaining of solutes from water.

Analysis strategy of contamination source using chemical fingerprint information based on GC-HRMS: A case study of landfill leachate.

With the increasing prevalence of emerging contaminants (ECs) in the environment, gaining a deeper understanding of the chemical information pertaining to the contamination source is a crucial step toward effective prevention and control of these ECs. This study presents a novel strategy for analyzing the chemical information of contamination sources using gas chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry (GC-HRMS) and demonstrates it on landfill leachate, a common and representative environmental contamination source. Initially, a non-targeted screening approach using HRMS was used to characterize a total of 5344 organic compounds with identification confidence levels 1 and 2 in 14 landfill leachate samples.

Facile synthesis of nitrogen self-doped carbon dots from rapeseed meal for highly sensitive fluorescence detection of baicalein.

The rapeseed meal, a type of residual by-product of rapeseed oil production was used as the precursor to prepare nitrogen self-doping carbon dots RM-CDs through an easy hydrothermal process. Thanks to the introduction of nitrogen element and oxygen-containing functional groups, RM-CDs had a fluorescence quantum yield of 18.6 %.

Graphene oxide supported MOFs-nanofiber carbon aerogel/SPCE for simultaneous detection of Cd and Pb in seafood.

A novel electrochemical sensor for detecting heavy metal ions in seafood was developed to address food safety concerns. The sensor integrates graphene oxide into NH-UiO-66 loaded nanofiber carbon aerogel, enhanced its three-dimensional conductive network and effective active surface area (0.34 cm), which improved ion enrichment and oxidation-reduction reaction rates.